Theoa bidentata, Zhao, Qingyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2014

Zhao, Qingyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2014, A survey of linyphiid spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Linyphiidae), ZooKeys 460, pp. 1-181 : 40-42

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.460.7799

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EE2B4709-5F5C-4961-9CEF-081BA2CDFB2F

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3501949

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D62CE41-D45D-4B83-A9A2-C948941F3DF7

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:8D62CE41-D45D-4B83-A9A2-C948941F3DF7

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Theoa bidentata
status

sp. n.

Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Linyphiidae

Theoa bidentata View in CoL sp. n. Figs 96, 97, 98, 99

Types.

Holotype ♂: CHINA, Yunnan: Menglun Town: Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, 21°54.463'N, 101°15.978'E, elevation ca 569 m, 4.-11.05.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting. Paratypes 5♂, same data as holotype; 1♀, 21°55.551'N, 101°16.923'E, elevation ca 561 m, 1-9.09.2006, rubber-tea plantation, pitfall traps; 4♂, 21°54.463'N, 101°15.978'E, elevation ca 569 m, 1.01.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting; 4♂1♀, 21°54.684'N, 101°16.319'E, elevation ca 585 m, 16.-31.01.2007, rubber tree plantation, pitfall traps; 2♂, 21°54.684'N, 101°16.319'E, elevation ca 585 m, 4.-11.04.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting; 4♂, 21°54.684'N, 101°16.319'E, elevation ca 585 m, 1-15.05.2007, rubber tree plantation, pitfall traps; 3♂, 21°54.684'N, 101°16.319'E, elevation ca 585 m, 4.-11.V.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting; 3♂, 21°54.684'N, 101°16.319'E, elevation ca 585 m, 16-31.05.2007, rubber tree plantation, pitfall traps; 3♂, 21°54.772'N, 101°16.043'E, elevation ca 556 m, 19.-26.05.2007, Paramichelia baillonii plantation, hand-collecting; 1♀, 21°54.772'N, 101°16.034'E, elevation ca 556 m, 1.-15.06.2007, Paramechelia baillonii plantation, trunk traps; 1♂, 21°57.445'N, 101°12.997'E, elevation ca 774 m, 10.-20.06.2007, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, hand-collecting.

Etymology.

This name is combined by ‘bi’, and ‘dentatus’, meaning 'with two teeth’, which refers to the two projections on the lateral margin of the prolateral cymbial outgrowth; adjective.

Diagnosis.

This species is distinguished as a member of Theoa by the extension at the dorso-mesal side of cymbium, and the sickle-shaped embolus with Fickert’s gland about half way along ( Locket 1982: fig. 87). The large spermathecae on each side of the epigyne also resembles those in Theoa tricaudata ( Locket 1982: fig. 89). It differs from the type species in the following aspects: the apex of cymbial outgrowth in Theoa bidentata sp. n. is bifid (Fig. 96A), not trifid as in Theoa tricaudata ( Locket 1982: fig. 86); the pit hook in Theoa bidentata is not a discrete structure and is pointed, which differs from the bifid one in Theoa tricaudata ; the terminal apophyses in the two species are of different shapes ( Locket 1982: fig. 84; Fig. 96B); the spermathecae are more distantly spaced in Theoa bidentata (Fig. 98A). The two species also differ in spination: 1-0-0-0 or 1-1-1-0 in the generotype and 2-2-2-2 in the new taxon.

Description.

Male (holotype). Total length: 1.10. Carapace 0.60 long, 0.50 wide, unmodified, dark orange. Sternum 0.35 long, 0.34 wide. Clypeus 0.16 high. Chelicerae promargin with 5 teeth, retromargin with 4 teeth. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.06, PME 0.07, PLE 0.06, AME-AME/AME 0.01, PME-PME/PME 0.40, AME-ALE/ALE 0.67, PME-PLE/PLE 0.43, coxae IV separated by 1.33 times their width. Length of legs: I 2.51 (0.66, 0.16, 0.70, 0.55, 0.44), II 2.32 (0.63, 0.16, 0.61, 0.53, 0.39), III 1.78 (0.48, 0.16, 0.42, 0.39, 0.33), IV 2.33 (0.64, 0.16, 0.63, 0.52, 0.38). Leg formula: I-IV-II-III. TmI 0.45. Tibial spine formula 2-2-2-2. Palp: tibia small, with one retrolateral trichobothrium; paracymbium ‘F’ -shaped, two branches, both tapered at tip (Figs 96B, 99B); cymbium with a dorsal knob (Figs 96A, 99B); prolateral side of cymbium well-developed, almost fully covering the tegulum and suprategulum (Fig. 96A); cymbial outgrowth with two teeth-like processes at the lateral margin (Fig. 96A); pit hook bifid at tip (Fig. 96B); terminal apophysis in ill-defined shape, broad at ventral view (Fig. 96B); median membrane with a blunt apex, slightly bending forward; embolus sickle-shaped, inwardly curved, with a small, pointed embolus proper (Figs 96C, 99A); thumb of embolus small, located below embolus proper (Fig. 96C); Fickert’s gland present in radix (Figs 96C, 99A).

Female (one of paratypes). Total length: 1.24. Carapace 0.55 long, 0.43 wide, brownish orange. Sternum 0.30 long, 0.34 wide. Clypeus 0.11 high. Chelicerae promargin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 4 teeth. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.06, PME 0.06, PLE 0.06, AME-AME/AME 0.33, PME-PME/PME 0.50, AME-ALE/ALE 0.33, PME-PLE/PLE 0.50, coxae IV separated by their width. Length of legs: I 2.37 (0.61, 017, 0.65, 0.50, 0.44), II 2.33 (0.59, 0.19, 0.58, 0.46, 0.41), III 1.76 (0.48, 0.15, 0.41, 0.38, 0.34), IV 2.24 (0.60, 0.16, 0.60, 0.48, 0.40). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. TmI 0.24. Spine formula as in male. Abdomen greenish grey on dorsum, dark grey on venter. Epigyne: a wide and short ventral fig; scape long, ribbon-like, with copulatory openings at its broad end, (Fig. 98 B–D); spermathecae small, separated by about four times their diameter (Fig. 98B).

Distribution.

Known only from type localities.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Linyphiidae

Genus

Theoa