Antistrophus jeanae Tooker & Hanks, 2004

Nastasi, Louis F., Tooker, John F., Davis, Charles K., Smith, Cecil N., Frey, Timothy S., Hatfield, M. J., Presnall, Tara M., Hines, Heather M. & Deans, Andrew R., 2024, Cryptic or underworked? Taxonomic revision of the Antistrophus rufus species complex (Cynipoidea, Aulacideini), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97, pp. 399-439 : 399-439

Antistrophus jeanae Tooker & Hanks, 2004

Fig. 4

Antistrophus jeanae Tooker & Hanks, 2004 in Tooker et al. 2004: 132. ♀, ♂ (type locality: Buckley Railroad Prairie, Iroquois Co., Illinois, USA).

Material examined.

Holotype (deposited at INHS). USA • ♀; Illinois, Iroquois County, Buckley Railroad Prairie ; 40 ° 34.88 ' N, 88 ° 02.70 ' W; J. Tooker leg.; reared from stem of Silphium perfoliatum in June 2000; INHS Insect Collection 25845.

Paratypes (14 ♀ and 8 ♂). Deposited at INHS: USA • 5 ♀ and 2 ♂; same data as for holotype; INHS Insect Collection 52846–52852 • 4 ♀ and 3 ♂; Illinois, Ford County, Paxton Railroad Prairie ; 40 ° 26.17 ' N, 88 ° 06.36 ' W; J. Tooker leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in June 2000; INHS Insect Collection 52853–52859 .

Deposited at USNM: USA • 2 ♀ and 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; USNMENT 01790168 – 01790170 • 3 ♀ and 2 ♂; Illinois, Ford County, Paxton Railroad Prairie ; 40 ° 26.17 ' N, 88 ° 06.36 ' W; J. Tooker leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in June 2000; USNMENT 00961127; 01790165 – 01790167; 01790171 .

Other material

(10 ♀ and 17 ♂). Deposited at PSUC: USA • 3 ♀ and 1 ♂; Illinois, Champaign County, Mahomet, Buffalo Trace Prairie ; 40.208, - 88.411; galled plant material collected 11 Nov 2020; JF Tooker and AR Deans leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in May or June 2021; PSUC _ FEM _ 248395; 248398; 248413; 248423 • 4 ♀ and 3 ♂; Indiana, Parke County; 39.661, - 87.371; galled plant material collected 12 Nov 2020; JF Tooker and AR Deans leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in May or June 2021; PSUC _ FEM _ 248169–248170; 248396–248397; 248401–248403 • 2 ♀ and 3 ♂; Iowa, Winneshiek County, Plymouth Rock Prairie ; 43.437, - 92.005; galled plant material collected 19 Nov 2020; MJ Hatfield leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in May 2021; PSUC _ FEM _ 248406; 248416; 248418; 248420; 248422 .

Deposited at WIRC: 4 ♂; Wisconsin, Dane County, Anthony Branch F. A. ; 42.896072, - 89.340018; galled plant material collected 4 Apr 2012; DNR Study SSGB leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in Apr 2012; WIRC 00171031 – 00171032 ; 00171035 – 00171036 • 2 ♂; Wisconsin, Dane County, Badger Pr. Park - North ; galled plant material collected 3 Apr 2012; DNR Study SSGB leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in Apr 2012; WIRC 00171041 ; 00171043 • 1 ♂; Wisconsin, Dane County, E-way at Mooreland ; galled plant material collected 4 Apr 2012; DNR Study SSGB leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in Apr 2012; WIRC 00171047 • 1 ♀; Wisconsin, Iowa County, Noll Valley ; galled plant material collected 4 Apr 2012; DNR Study SSGB leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in Apr 2012; WIRC 00170518 • 3 ♂; Wisconsin, Iowa County, Pr. Grove Rd at stream ; galled plant material collected 5 Apr 2012; DNR Study SSGB leg.; reared from stems of Silphium perfoliatum , emerging in Apr 2012; WIRC 00171027–00171029 .

Diagnosis.

A. jeanae is most similar to A. laurenae sp. nov. but is best distinguished by the dimensions of F 2 in females, which in A. jeanae is 3.8 × as long as wide (Fig. 4 B ) but 3.3 × as long as wide in A. laurenae (Fig. 5 B ). The sculpture of the mesoscutellar disc (Fig. 4 F ) is also useful; the mesoscutellar disc is more or less rugose-reticulate throughout in A. jeanae but only has rugose-reticulate sculpture toward the outer margins in A. laurenae .

Description.

Female (Fig. 4 A ) – Body length: 1.9–3.2 mm (x ̄ = 2.7 mm; n = 25; holotype = 2.6 mm). Color: Antenna color: red brown throughout, at most slightly darker distally than proximally. Head color: vertex and occiput dark red brown, mandibles red brown basally to darker red brown apically, rest of head red brown throughout. Mesosoma color: pronotum and propodeum red brown laterally to dark red brown medially, mesoscutum dark red brown, scutellum dark red brown, and mesopleuron dark red brown dorsally and ventrally but red brown medially. Wing membrane color: hyaline throughout. Wing vein color: light brown. Leg color: red brown throughout, except for apical tarsomere which is conspicuously darker. Metasoma color: red brown to dark red brown. Antennae (Fig. 4 B ): Antennomere count: 13. F 1 length: 2.4 × as long as wide. F 2 length: 3.8 × as long as wide. F 2: F 1 length ratio: 1.5. Placodeal sensilla on F 2: absent; sensilla present only on F 3 and following antennomeres. Head (Fig. 4 C ): Upper frons sculpture: reticulate. Gena posterolateral projection in anterior view: distinctly projecting past compound eyes. Facial radiating striae: distinct and complete, reaching compound eyes. Supraclypeal area sculpture: reticulate. Supraclypeal area projection: slightly projecting. OOL vs POL: OOL distinctly longer. OOL vs LOL: OOL greater than twice LOL. POL vs LOL: POL greater than twice LOL. LOL vs DLO: LOL longer. Vertex sculpture: reticulate throughout. Clypeus sculpture: reticulate. Mesosoma (Figs 4 D – F ): Pronotum pilosity: densely pilose along anterior margin and with only sparse setae elsewhere. Pronotum excluding pronotal plate sculpture: reticulate. Pronotal plate sculpture: reticulate. Mesopleuron excluding speculum sculpture: reticulate with fine intermediate striae. Speculum sculpture: reticulate. Mesopleuron pilosity: ventral margin and mesopleural triangle densely pilose and bare elsewhere. Mesoscutum pilosity: sparsely pilose. Mesoscutum sculpture: reticulate. Apparent length of anterior parallel lines: reaching one third across mesoscutum. Morphology of anterior parallel lines: narrow, distinct throughout perceptible length. Apparent length of parapsidal grooves: reaching halfway across mesoscutum. Morphology of parapsidal grooves: narrow, distinct throughout perceptible length. Morphology of median mesoscutal impression: apparent as a shallow impression extending across most of mesoscutum. Notauli completeness: incomplete, distinct posteriorly to indistinct in anterior third. Morphology of notauli: appearing as wide indentations with sloping edges throughout distinct portions. Metapleural sulcus: meeting posterior mesopleuron at about one third of its height. Lateral propodeal carinae: distinct and subparallel. Metapleuron sculpture: reticulate. Mesoscutellar foveae distinction: distinct, relatively deep anteriorly to shallower and inconspicuously delimited posteriorly. Mesoscutellar foveae sculpture: reticulate. Mesoscutellar disc sculpture: usually rugose-reticulate throughout; primarily reticulate, but usually with distinct rugose sculpture apparent throughout most of mesoscutellar disc. Mesoscutellar foveae length: reaching about one third across mesoscutellar disc. Mesoscutellar foveae shape: subquadrate, about as wide as long, separated by a narrow linear carina. Mesoscutellar disc shape: subcircular, about as wide as long. Wings: Marginal cell length: 3.2 × as long as wide. Fore wing distal fringe of marginal setae: absent. Metasoma: Punctation of metasomal terga: T 3 punctate only in posterior third and with T 4 and following punctate throughout.

Male (Fig. 4 G ) – Same as female except for the following: Body length: 1.8–2.6 mm (x ̄ = 2.1 mm; n = 25). Antennae: Antennomere count: 14. F 1 length: 2.4 × as long as wide. F 2 length: 2.9 × as long as wide. F 2: F 1 length ratio: 1.4. Placodeal sensilla on F 2: present. Wings: Fore wing distal fringe of marginal setae: present. Metasoma: Metasoma size: conspicuously smaller than in female.

Biology.

A. jeanae induces inconspicuous, externally imperceptible galls in stems of Silphium perfoliatum (Fig. 4 H ) ( Tooker et al. 2004; Nastasi and Deans 2021).

Distribution.

Tooker et al. (2004) reported this species only from several prairie sites in Illinois ( USA). Nastasi and Deans (2021) did not report additional localities. However, specimens we examined revealed records from three additional state records: Indiana, Iowa, and Wisconsin. A verifiable iNaturalist observation (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/114414672) also records this species from Ohio; we have since examined adult gall wasps reared from the plant material from the same site, which confirmed their suspected identity (in litt.). Lastly, a specimen identified during this study (USNMENT 01822302; see complete specimen data in Suppl. material 1: table 1) confirms the occurrence of this species in Missouri (Columbia, Boone County) (see discussion). Known and potential distribution are summarized in Fig. 9 .

Figures

Figure 4. Antistrophus jeanae Tooker & Hanks, 2004 A female lateral habitus (PSUC _ FEM _ 248169) B female proximal antennomeres (PSUC _ FEM _ 248395) C female dorsal head (PSUC _ FEM _ 247240) D female dorsal mesosoma (PSUC _ FEM _ 247240) E female mesoscutum (PSUC _ FEM _ 247240); not = notaulus F female dorsal scutellum (PSUC _ FEM _ 247240); scf = mesoscutellar fovea G male lateral habitus (PSUC _ FEM _ 248416) H gallss and larvae of A. jeanae in a stem of Silphium perfoliatum L.

Figure 5. Antistrophus laurenae Nastasi, sp. nov. A paratype female lateral habitus (PSUC _ FEM _ 248173) B holotype female proximal antennomeres (PSUC _ FEM _ 248174) C holotype female dorsal head (PSUC _ FEM _ 248174) D holotype female dorsal mesosoma E holotype female dorsal mesoscutum; not = notaulus G holotype female dorsal scutellum; scf = mesoscutellar fovea. Paratype male lateral habitus (PSUC _ FEM _ 248334) H galls and larva of A. laurenae in a stem of Silphium integrifolium Michx.

Figure 9. Known and potential distributions for species of the Antistrophus rufus complex. Host plant distribution follows Kartesz (2015). States in green reflect established distribution, while states in yellow reflect potential distribution based on records of the host plant.