Gasteruption minutum (Tournier, 1877)

Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis van, Wu, Jia-Xuan, Wang, Hang & Zhang, Qi-Jing, 2021, An illustrated key to the species of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Palaearctic China, with description of four new species, ZooKeys 1038, pp. 1-103 : 1

Gasteruption minutum (Tournier, 1877) Figs 155-156 , 157-165 , 166-167 , 168-173

Foenus minutus Tournier, 1877: ix; Capron 1880: 89; Schletterer 1889: 398 (as synonym of G. assectator (Linnaeus)).

Faenus minutus ; Abeille de Perrin 1879: 265, 267, 277.

Gasteruption minutum ; Kieffer 1912: 257; Hedicke 1939: 16; Ferrière 1946: 235, 238, 240; Hellén 1950: 4; Crosskey 1951: 295; Šedivý 1958: 36, 37, 40; Schmidt 1969: 295; Hedqvist 1973: 185; Dolfuss 1982: 24; Alexander 1983: 150; Allen 1983: 82; Madl 1987a: 403, 1987b: 23, 1988c: 38, 1989a: 160, 1989b: 44, 1990a: 128, 1990b: 480, 482; Kozlov 1988: 245, 247; Neumayer et al. 1999: 220; Kofler and Madl 1990: 322; Wall 1994: 159; Scaramozzino 1995: 3; Pagliano and Scaramozzino 2000: 11, 19, 30; Saure 2001: 29; Wisniowski 2004: 118; van der Smissen 2010: 373; van Achterberg 2013: fig. 172; Lotfalizadeh et al. 2017: 146.

Foenus longigena Thomson, 1883: 849; Ferrière 1946: 240; Hedqvist 1973: 185; Madl 1988 c: 39. Synonymised with G. minutum (Tournier) by Ferrière 1946, Schmidt 1969 and Hedqvist 1973.

Gasteruption longigena ; Schletterer 1889: 399; Dalla Torre 1902: 1068; Kieffer 1912: 270; Schmiedeknecht 1930: 380, 381; Hedicke 1939: 16; Hellén 1950: 4 (as G. " longiserra " and as synonym of G. minutum (Tournier)); Hedqvist 1973: 185 (lectotype designation); Wall 1994: 149.

Gasteruption oriplanum Kieffer, 1911: 210; Hedicke 1939: 27; Zhao et al. 2012: 65-68. Syn. nov.

Type material.

Lectotype of G. minutum here designated, ♀ (MHNG) "[Switzerland], Peney, [near Genève], vii.[18]75", "Cn Tournier", “Type”, Foenus minutus Tourn., ♀", "Lectotypus, des. Madl, 1987". Paralectotypes (4 ♀, MHNG) and all from Peney, 2 ♀ collected vii.1876, 1 ♀vii.1875 and 1 ♀ 10.vi.1875; the paralectotypes from France and Italy were not found. Lectotype of G. longigena ♀, (ZIL) “Rõn” [= Rönnemölla, Skane-Norrland], "Lectotypus Foenus longigena Thoms., ♀, K.-J. Hedqvist, det. 1972". Holotype of G. oriplanum , ♂ (BMNH), “Type”, "B. M. Type Hym. 3.a.173", " Gasteruption oreiplanus [sic!] Kieff.", "[China:], Tibet, Gyangtse, 13,000 ft. [3960 m alt.], June 1904, Tibet Exped., H.J. Walton, 1905-172/ 29.vi.1904".

Additional material.

1 ♂ (NWUX), NW China: Shaanxi, Xunyangba , 33.55°N, 108.55°E, 1.vii.2017, 1481 m alt., Jiangli Tan ; 5 ♀ (NWUX, RMNH), Shaanxi, Xunyangba, Ningshaan , 1.vii.2018, ca. 1480 m alt., 33°54'N, 108°55'E, Jiangli Tan .

Distribution.

China (Shaanxi [1480 m], Tibet [2800-4300 m]), South Palaearctic, Central Europe. New for Shaanxi.

Notes.

Unfortunately, the holotype of G. oriplanum is a male and has the head severely damaged (figs 166-173 in Zhao et al. 2012). An additional female from Tibet is known ( Zhao et al. 2012) and, judging from this female, G. oriplanum is a synonym of the South Palaearctic species (with intrusions in Central Europe) G. minutum (Tournier, 1877). The new finds in Shaanxi, together with additionally examined specimens from Central Asia, make this new synonymy more plausible, despite the variation in the shape of the hind tibia. The holotype of G. oriplanum has the hind tibia strongly inflated, much more than the male from Shaanxi (fig. 169 in Zhao et al. (2012) versus Fig. 166 ), but the Central European males have the hind tibia intermediately widened. The variation is probably clinal, could not be linked to other variations and, therefore, we consider G. oriplanum and G. minutum conspecific.

Figures

Figures 155 - 156. Gasteruption minutum (Tournier), female, Shaanxi 155 habitus lateral 156 ovipositor and its sheath lateral.

Figures 157 - 165. Gasteruption minutum (Tournier), female, Shaanxi 157 head lateral 158 mesosoma lateral 159 mesosoma dorsal 160 apex of metasoma ventral 161 base of antenna 162 head anterior 163 head dorsal 164 hind leg 165 apex of antenna.

Figures 166 - 167. Gasteruption minutum (Tournier), male, Shaanxi 166 habitus lateral 167 basal antennal segments.

Figures 168 - 173. Gasteruption minutum (Tournier), male, Shaanxi 168 head lateral 169 mesosoma dorsal 170 hind leg lateral 171 head anterior 172 head dorsal 173 apex of metasoma lateral.