Gonia yunnanensis Hou, Yang & Zhang, 2018

Hou, Peng, Li, Xin, Yang, Ding & Zhang, Chuntian, 2018, Taxonomic study of Gonia Meigen (Diptera: Tachinidae) from China, Zoological Systematics 43 (3), pp. 294-308 : 305-307

3.1.17 Gonia yunnanensis Hou, Yang & Zhang , sp. nov. ( Figs 97‒107 )

Diagnosis. The species is different from other species of Gonia by: frons about 1/2 of head width; the narrowest of parafacial in lateral view about 1.9‒2.0 times as wide as 1st flagellomere; fronto-orbital plate with 3 rows of black setae; parafacial with 5 rows of black setae; 2 proclinate outer orbital setae; 4 orbital setae; apical scutellar setae upward; tegula brown; basicosta dark yellow; legs brown black; fore claw of male shorter than tarsomere 5; mid tibia with 6 anterodorsal, 2 posterior and 2 ventral setae; hind tibia with 5 anterodorsal, 3 posterior and 1 ventral setae; abdominal syntergite 1+2 with 2 median marginal setae.

Description. Body length 10.0‒11.0 mm.

Male ( Figs 97‒100 ). Head half spherical, reddish yellow, covered with silvery pruinosity; frontal vitta reddish yellow; fronto-orbital plate pale brown, with silver pruinosity; parafacial dark yellow, with silver pruinosity; gena pale brown, with silver pruinosity; lunule dark brown; occiput mostly greyish black, upper reddish yellow, with silver pruinosity. Antenna black; palpus brown; rod-like, with black hairs; prementum shiny black; labella grey brown. Frons about 1/2 of head width; the narrowest of parafacial in lateral view about 1.9‒2.0 times as wide as 1st flagellomere; gena about 2/5 as height as eyes. Eyes bare. Frontal setae crossed, proclinate, 9‒10 pairs, the lowest one falling to level at middle pedicel; ocellar setae reclinate and outward, the distance between ocellar setae shorter than the distance between post ocelli, about 4/5 as long as inner vertical setae; 2 pairs of postocellar setae, shorter than ocellar setae; inner vertical setae about 4/5 as long as eye height; outer vertical setae about 3/4 as long as inner vertical setae; ocellar triangular area with tiny black hairs; fronto-orbital plate with 3 rows of black setae; parafacial with 5 rows of black setae; 2 pairs of proclinate outer orbital setae; 4 pairs of orbital setae; facial ridge with 3‒4 setae on base; vibrissa strongly crossed, situated below lower margin of face, lower margin of face not protruding, with a row of subvibrissal setae; occiput slightly bulged, upper portion with tiny black setae, the rest with grey yellow hairs. Antenna with 1st flagellomere 4.5‒5.0 times as long as width, about 3 times as long as pedicel; pedicel with black setae on anterior margin 1/2; arista black, about 4/5 as long as 1st flagellomere, distal 1/6 becoming narrowly, 2nd aristomere prolong, about 5 times as long as wide; prementum about 5 times as long as wide, with tiny hairs; palpus with hairs, about 3/4 as long as 1st flagellomere; labella large.

Thorax brown black, with black hairs, with thin greyish white pruinosity; presutural scutum with 4 broad black longitudinal vittae, the distance between inner vittae about 1.1‒1.2 times as wide as the distance between inner and outer vittae, thoracic vittae only extending to anterior half portion on postsutural scutum; scutellum brownish black on base and brownish yellow on apical 1/3, with thin greyish white pruinosity. 3 postpronotal setae arranged in a straight line; 3 notopleural setae; 3 presutural and 3 postsutural acrostichal setae; 3 presutural and 4 postsutural dorsocentral setae; 1 presutural and 3 postsutural intra-alar setae; 3 supra-alar setae, the first one (prealar seta) about 1.1‒1.3 times as long as notopleural seta; 4 katepisternal setae; scutellum with suberected reclinate black setae dorsally; a pair of discal scutellar setae, 1.3‒1.4 times as long as scutellum; a pair of apical scutellar setae upward, about 1/2 as long as scutellum; subapical scutellar setae parallel and extending backwards, 1.8‒1.9 times as long as scutellum; a pair of lateral scutellar setae, about 2 times as long as scutellum; a pair of basal scutellar setae, 1.8‒1.9 times as long as scutellum; prosternum and proepisternum with black setulae; katepimeron bare. Wing pale hyaline; tegula brown; basicosta dark yellow; costal spine undeveloped; relative lengths of 2nd, 3rd and 4th costal sectors approximately 2:5:1; vein R 4+5 with 8 setulae dorsally, reaching 1/2 length between vein R 4+5 and crossvein R-M, and 3 ventral setulae; bend of vein M blunt-angled; cell r 4+5 open; the length of vein M between crossvein R-M and dM-Cu about 2.6‒2.7 times as long as the length of vein M from crossvein dM-Cu to its bend; the length between vein M and wing posterior margin about twice as long as the length of vein M from crossvein dM-Cu to its bend. Lower calypteres developed, yellow white; halter reddish yellow. Legs brown black; pulvillus greyish white; fore claw shorter than tarsomere 5; fore tibia with a row of anterodorsal and posterodorsal, and 2 posterior setae; mid tibia with 6 anterodorsal, a row of posterodorsal, 2 posterior and 2 ventral setae; hind tibia with 5 anterodorsal, a row of posterodorsal, 3 posterior and 1 ventral setae.

Abdomen long ovate, brown, with black setae; syntergite 1+2 black, both sides brown; tergite 3 medially black; tergite 4 brown on both sides of anterior 1/2, the rest portion black; tergite 5 entirely black; tergite 3 anterior 1/7, anterior 1/2 of tergite 4 and anterior 1/2 of tergite 5 with thin silvery pruinosity; anterior 1/8‒1/7 of each tergites without tiny black setulae; syntergite 1+2 medially excavated to posterior margin, with 2 median marginal setae, a pair of lateral marginal setae; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal setae, a pair of lateral marginal setae; tergite 4 and 5 each with a row of marginal setae. Sternite 5 ( Fig. 107 ) with posterior lobes somewhat trapezoid, with many long hairs on inner apical margin as shown in the figures.

Male terminalia ( Figs 105–106 ). Cerci narrow in posterior view, thick haired dorsally, and with a suture medially; separated apically, apex slightly curved ventrally in lateral view. Surstylus curved and short in lateral view. Shape of epandrium, aedeagal apodeme, hypandrium, phallus, pregonite and postgonite as shown in figures.

Female ( Figs 101‒104 ). Frons 0.63‒0.64 of head width; 1st flagellomere about twice as long as pedicel; pedicel with tiny black setae; relative lengths of 2nd, 3rd and 4th costal sectors approximately 4:8:3. Other characters are same as male.

Material examined. Holotype ♂, China, Yunnan, Shangri-la, Napahai , 3300 m, 27.V.2007, D.D. Wang ( SYNU). Paratypes. China, Yunnan , 1♂, Zhongdian to Zhongshan , 3350 m, 20.V.2001, Y.F. Tong ; 1♀, Bitahai , 3700 m, 26.V.2007, S.C. Bai ; 2♀, same as holotype ( SYNU) .

Etymology. Specific name is taken from the type locality, Yunnan.

Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Key to species of Gonia from China.

1. Parafacial with 5 rows of long black setae; tegula brown; basicosta dark yellow ....... G. yunnanensis Hou, Yang & Zhang , sp. nov.

Parafacial usually with 1‒4 rows weak hairs; few with a row of strong setae......................................................................................2 2. Thorax with yellow hairs; tegula and basicosta yellow; tergite 5 only with median discal setae .........................................................3

Thorax with black hairs, without yellow hairs ..................................................................................................................................... 4

3. Postsutural dorsum with black hairs; femora black; abdomen with evenly dense pruinosity, without black band ............. G. chinensis Postsutural dorsum with yellow hairs; legs yellow ......................................................................................................... G. klapperichi

4. Abdomen syntergite 1+2 medially not excavated to posterior margin, without median marginal seta; upper occiput behind postocular setae with a row of black setae................................................................................................................................................... G. atra Abdomen syntergite 1+2 medially excavated to posterior margin; upper occiput behind postocular setae without black seta............5

5. Abdomen yellow brown to orange brown; tergite medially with black pruinosity band...................................................................... 6 Abdomen almost completely black or dark brown............................................................................................................................. 13

6. Antenna entirely orange, fronto-orbital plate setae slightly fine ..................................................................................... G. ussuriensis Antenna black or most black, fronto-orbital plate setae normal or thick..............................................................................................7

7. Parafacial setae on anterior portion slightly larger than posterior ones; postocular setae fine ............................................................. 8 Parafacial setae on anterior portion strongly larger than posterior ones; postocular setae stubby.....................................................12

8. Parafacial narrowly anteriorly, vibrissa about 1/2 as long as parafacial ................................................................................. G. ornata Parafacial widely anteriorly, vibrissa longer than 1/2 parafacial ..........................................................................................................9

9. Parafacial, fronto-orbital plate with weak pruinosity, 2 postvertical setae .........................................................................................10 Parafacial, fronto-orbital plate with densely greyish white pruinosity, 1 postvertical seta ................................................................. 11

10. Parafacial slightly narrow, female and male abdominal syntergite 1+2 both with median marginal setae, tergites 3 and 4 of male with erect tiny hairs .......................................................................................................................................................................... G. divisa Parafacial slightly wide, only male abdominal syntergite 1+2 with 2 median marginal setae, tergite 3 and 4 of female and male both with inclined tiny hairs........................................................................................................................................................ G. foersteri

11. Abdomen with a narrow reverse triangular black marking, base of tergites 3 and 4 with grey white pruinosity band, tergite 5 entirely with thin greyish white pruinosity........................................................................................................................................... G. vacua Abdomen tergites 3 and 4 with reddish yellow marking on both sides, base of tergites 3 to 5 separately with greyish white pruinosity band........................................................................................................................................................................................... G. picea

12. Abdominal syntergite 1+2 with 2 median marginal setae .................................................................................................... G. capitata Abdominal syntergite 1+2 without median marginal seta ............................................................................................... G. bimaculata

13. Occipital hairs yellow brown, only male abdominal syntergite 1+2 with 2 median marginal setae ......................................... G. olgae Occipital hairs black, female and male abdominal syntergite 1+2 both with 2 median marginal setae............................ G. nigricoma

Funding This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (312722279, 31750002) and Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (2005DKA21402).

Acknowledgements We are particularly grateful to Dr. H.P. Tschorsnig (Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany, SMNS), who generously provided the valuable material for species comparison, and the collectors of the Chinese specimens of Gonia for their contributions to this study, and two anonymous reviewers and the editor, Dr. Fuqiang Chen, for their useful suggestions and patient correction to this paper.

Figures

Figures 97‒104. Gonia yunnanensis Hou, Yang & Zhang, sp. nov. 97‒100. Male. 101‒104. Female. 97, 101. Body in dorsal view. 98, 102. Body in lateral view. 99, 103. Head in lateral view. 100, 104. Head in anterior view.

Figures 105‒107. Gonia yunnanensis Hou, Yang & Zhang, sp. nov. 105. Cerci, surstylus and epandrium in posterior view. 106. Cerci, surstylus, epandrium, aedeagal apodeme, hypandrium, phallus, pregonite and postgonite in later view. 107. Sternite 5. Scale bar= 0.5mm.