Chrysotoxum festivum

Nedeljković, Zorica, Ačanski, Jelena, Vujić, Ante, Obreht, Dragana, Ðan, Mihajla, Ståhls, Gunilla & Radenković, Snežana, 2013, Taxonomy of Chrysotoxum festivum Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Syrphidae) - an integrative approach, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 169 (1), pp. 84-102 : 91-93

CORRESPONDS TO C. FESTIVUM A

syn. bipunctatum (Müller, 1776: 174)

syn. imbelle (Harris, [1776: 60])

syn. geographicum (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785: 478) syn. annulatum Loew, 1840: 558

syn. infuscatum Loew, 1840: 558

syn. scutellare Loew, 1840: 558

Types: Chrysotoxum festivum Linnaeus, 1758 . Described based on a male specimen BM 1937-539 as Musca festiva . Type locality: ‘Europa’. The lectotype of Musca festiva was designated by Thompson et al. (1982: 155). Neotype: male. Type locality: Germany, Schneverdingen, Lüneberg Heath, N. Germany, leg. T.H. Rowsell and B.J. Clifton in 1937 was designated by P. J. Chandler ( Iliff & Chandler, 2000) and is deposited in BMNH. It was examined by N. Wyatt in October 2012, A. Ricarte in January 2013, and also via photos by Z. Nedeljkovic´ in October 2012.

C. bipunctatum (Müller, 1776) described as Musca bipunctata . Type locality: ‘ Daniae et Norvegiae’ ( Denmark and Norway). In ZMUC, Müller coll. Presumably lost ( T. Pape, pers. comm.) .

C. imbelle (Harris, [1776]) described as Musca imbelle . Type locality: not given ( England). Original description fits C. arcuatum (Linnaeus, 1758) based on examination of the original publication page 60, figure 16 of Harris (1776). Repository collection is not mentioned in the original description.

C. geographicum (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785) described as Musca geographica . Type locality: ‘Paris’. Considered as a nomen dubium because of an obsolete combination ( Cyclorrhapha geographica ) ( Evenhuis et al., 2008). The type is presumably lost.

C. annulatum Loew, 1840 . Type locality: not given ( Posen ) [= Poznan´] ( Poland). The type was deposited at ZHMB and is presumably lost (J. Ziegler, pers. comm.).

C. infuscatum Loew, 1840 . Type locality: not given ( Posen ) [= Poznan´] ( Poland). The type was deposited at ZHMB and is presumably lost (J. Ziegler, pers. comm.).

C. scutellare Loew, 1840 . Type locality: not given ( Posen ) [= Poznan´] ( Poland). The type was deposited at ZHMB and is presumably lost (J. Ziegler, pers. comm.).

Diagnostic features ( Figs 3A , 4A , 5A , 6A )

Male

Face with black vitta extending from antennal bases to mouth edge, occupying less than one-quarter of facial width. Mesoscutum covered with long yellow hairs; short black setae absent. Male genitalia with narrow and long surstyli (relationship between length and width, in lateral view 2.3–2.8).

Female

Shape of pollinose maculae on frons rectangular. Habitat

Forest/open ground, open areas in scrub woodland and deciduous forest; unimproved grassland with scrub ( Speight, 2012); plains, lower mountains, and lower altitudes in high mountains (0–1200 m).

Range

Fennoscandia south to Iberia and the Mediterranean, including North Africa; from Ireland eastwards through much of Europe into Turkey and European parts of Russia; through Siberia to the Pacific coast; Japan; northern India ( Speight, 2012).

CHRYSOTOXUM TOMENTOSUM GIGLIO- TOS,

Figures

Figure 3. Tergites of investigated species, lateral view. A, Chrysotoxum festivum A; B, Chrysotoxum festivum B; C, Chrysotoxum elegans; D, Chrysotoxum elegans – intermediate form; E, Chrysotoxum octomaculatum.

Figure 4. Head of male, anterior view. A, Chrysotoxum festivum A; B, Chrysotoxum festivum B; a, width of black vitta.

Figure 5. Pilosity on mesoscutum, lateral view. A, Chrysotoxum festivum A; B, Chrysotoxum festivum B.

Figure 6. Right surstylus of male genitalia, lateral view. A, Chrysotoxum festivum A; B, Chrysotoxum festivum B; a, length of surstylus; b, width of surstylus.