Chrysis longula Abeille de Perrin, 1879

Paukkunen, Juho, Rosa, Paolo, Soon, Villu, Johansson, Niklas & Ødegaard, Frode, 2014, Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), Zootaxa 3864 (1), pp. 1-67 : 38-39

53. Chrysis longula Abeille de Perrin, 1879

Chrysis ignita var. longula Abeille de Perrin 1879: 74 . Lectotype ♀ (designated by Morgan 1984: 9); Germany: Frankfurt (MNHN) (examined). Hellén 1952: 180, Allearter.dk 2010.

Tetrachrysis ignita var. longula: Jansson 1922: 35 .

Chrysis longula var. sublongula Linsenmaier 1951: 76 . Lectotype ♀ (designated by Linsenmaier 1959: 159); Switzerland: Wallis (NMLS) (examined).

Chrysis ignita var. sublongula: Hellén 1952: 180 .

Chrysis ignita longula: Hellén 1952: 180 .

Chrysis longula aeneopaca Linsenmaier 1959: 160 . Holotype ♀; Transcaspia (NMLS) (examined).

Chrysis longula: Valkeila 1962: 64 , Valkeila et al. 1963: 40, Tumšs & Maršakovs 1970: 93, Erlandsson 1971: 90, Silfverberg 1981: 61, Vikberg 1986b: 68, Hedström 1989: 154, Nilsson 1991: 82, Doronin 1996: 18, Bergsten et al. 2002: 37, Söderman & Vikberg 2003: 45, Soon 2004: 22, 46, Hallin 2007: 21, Kalniņš et al. 2007: 142, Karlsson 2008, Hallin 2009: 10, Johansson 2009, Artsdatabanken 2010, Johansson 2010: 118, Orlovskytė et al. 2010: 150, Paukkunen 2010: 538, Ødegaard et al. 2011: 64, Smissen 2010d: 393, Johansson 2011: 35, Hallin 2012, Ranta 2012: 33, Dyntaxa 2013, Soon et al. 2014: 311–312.

Chrysis longula longula: Rosa & Soon 2012 .

Chrysis longula sublongula: Rosa & Soon 2012 .

Material examined. *Russian Fennoscandia (total 27 exx.): Ik: Kivennapa [= Pervomaiskoe]; Metsäpirtti [= Zaporozhskoe]; Muolaa [= Pravdino]; Pyhäjärvi [= Plodovoe]; Rautu [= Sosnovo]; Terijoki [= Zelenogorsk]; Uusikirkko [= Polyany]; Äyräpää [= Baryshevo]; Ka: Seiskari [= Ostrov Seskar]; Suursaari [= Ostrov Gogland]; Viipuri [=Vyborg]; Kl: Käkisalmi [= Priozersk]; Sortavala; Kol: Petrozavodsk; Kpoc: Kostomuksha.

Distribution. Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, *Russian Fennoscandia.—Transpalearctic: from West Europe to central Asia and Siberia ( Linsenmaier 1959, 1997).

Remarks. The species is widespread, but scarce in the Nordic and Baltic countries. The northernmost records are from northern Finland (Lkoc: Kittilä) and Sweden (Lu. Lpm: Gällivare). In Finland, C. longula seems to have declined and it has been classified as near threatened ( Paukkunen 2010). Soon (2004) reported the species from Denmark based on 18 Danish specimens in ZMUC (det. E. Valkeila).

One female specimen from Sb: Kuopio, Finland was selected by W. Linsenmaier as a paratype (“cotype”) of Chrysis longula aeneopaca Linsenmaier, 1959 . According to Linsenmaier (1959) aeneopaca is an eastern subspecies of C. longula , the distribution of which covers Fennoscandia ( Finland), Siberia, Transcaspia, China and Japan. Morphologically it is similar to the nominotypical form, but the tergites are basally darker brown, and the basal part of the second tergite has finer and denser punctation. In this respect it resembles C. subcoriacea . In fact, E. Valkeila and Vikberg (1986b) considered it erroneously as a synonym of C. subcoriacea . Analysis of mitochondrial DNA has shown that genetic divergence between C. l. aeneopaca and C. l. longula is very low, suggesting that they probably are conspecific ( Soon et al., 2014). No other specimens of Chrysis l. aeneopaca are known from Finland apart from the paratype, and it is possible that the paratype is mislabeled or was accidentally imported into the country.

Linsenmaier (1951) also described Chrysis ignita var. sublongula , which he later classified as a subspecies of C. longula ( Linsenmaier 1959) . The distribution area of sublongula consists of Europe and Japan ( Linsenmaier 1959, Rosa 2006). Morphologically sublongula resembles the nominotypical subspecies, but is smaller sized. According to unpublished studies of mitochondrial DNA, northern European samples of sublongula and longula most likely belong to the same species, as they do not differ genetically from each other ( Soon et al. 2014). Because the distribution area of sublongula is sympatric with the nominotypical subspecies, it should not be considered as a separate subspecies, but at most as a form (f.) of C. longula . Several small specimens of C. longula , determined as sublongula by Linsenmaier, can be found from Nordic collections.