Caretta caretta (Linnaeus), 1758

C. Kenneth Dodd, Jr., 1988, SYNOPSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL DATA ON THE LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLE CARETTA CARETTA (LINNAEUS 1758), Biological report 88 (14), pp. 1-110 : 79

Caretta caretta (Linnaeus), 1758

1.1.2 Synonymy

Testudo Caretta : Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 197: "insulas Americanas," (restricted to Bermuda by Smith and Taylor, Bull. USNM 1950, 199, p. 16; toBimini, Bahamas by Schmidt, University of Chicago Press 1953).

Testudo Cephalo : Schneider, Allgem. Naturgesch. Schildkr. 1783, p. 303: unknown (restricted to Charleston, SC by Smith and Taylor, Bull. USNM 1950, 199, P- 16)-

Testudo nasicornis : Lacépède, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 1788, 1, table Synopsis: “ mers du nouveau Continent, voisines de l’equateur, (restricted to Ascension Island by Smith and Smith, Syn. Herp. Mex. 1986, 6, p. 362).

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Synopsis.

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Testudo Caouana : Lacépècie, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 1788, 1, table Synopsis (substitute name for Testudo caretta Linnaeus 1758 ).

Chelone caretta : Brongniart, Essai Ciassif. Hist. Rep. 1805: 27.

Chelonia Caouanna : Schweigger, Königsberg. Arch. Naturwiss. Math. 1812, 1, p. 279 (typographical error according to Pritchard and Trebbau, Turt. ofVenezuela 1984, p. 303).

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Caretta nasuta : Rafinesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo 1814, 2, p. 66: Sicily.

Chelonia cavanna : Oken, Lehrb. Naturgesch. 1816, 3, P- 350.

Caretta atra : Merrem, Tent. Syst. Amphib. 1820, p. 17: "Isularum Adscensionis."

Caretta Cephalo : Merrem, Tent. Syst. Amphib. 1820, p. 18.

Caretta nasicornis : Merrem, Tent. Syst. Amphib. 1820, p. 18.

Chelonia caretta : Bory de Saint-Vincent, Resume d'Erpet. Hist. Nat. Rep. 1828, p. 79.

Testudo Corianna : Gray, Synops. Rep. pt. 1 Tortoises 1831, p. 53.

Chelonia pelasgorum : Valenciennes, in Bory de Saint-Vincent, Exped. Moree Zool. 1833, plate 6: beach between Arcadia and mouth of the Neda River, Greece.

Chelonia cephalo : Gray, Isis v. Oken 1829, 22, p. 201.

Chelonia (Caretta) cephalo : Lesson, in Belanger, Voy. Ind.- Orient. Zool. 1834, p. 300.

Chelonia caouana : Dumeril and Bibron, Erpet. Gen. 1835, 2, p. 553.

Chelonia (Thalassochelys) Caouana : Fitzinger, Ann. Wien. Mus. 1836 (1835), 1, p. 128.

Chelonia (Thalassochelys) atra : Fitzinger, Ann. Wien. Mus. 1836 (1835) 1 p 128

Thalassochelys caretta : Bonaparte, Arch. Naturgesch. 1838, 4, p. 64.

Chelonia (Caouana) cephalo : Cocteau, in Cocteau and Bibron in Ramon de la Sagra. Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, IX, 1838, 1, p. 31.

Halichelys atra : Fitzinger, Syst. Rep. 1843, p. 30.

Caounana Caretta : Gray, Cat. Tort. Croc. Amphisb. Brit. Mus. 1844, p. 52.

Caouana elongata : Gray, Cat. Tort. Croc. Amphisb. Brit. Mus. 1844, p. 53: unknown (restricted to Ascension Island by Smith and Smith; Syn. Herp. Mex. 1980, 6, p 303)

Thalassochelys Caouana : Agassiz, Contrib. Nat. Hist. U.S. 1857, 1, p. 384.

Thalassochelys corticata : Girard, U. S. Explor. Exped. 1858, 20 Herpetol., p. 431: Funchal, Madeira.

Chelonia corticata : Strauch, Mem. Akad. Imper. Sei. St. Petersb. ser. 7, 1862, 5(7), p. 19.

Thalassochelys elongata : Strauch, Mem. Akad. Imper. Sei. St. Petersb. ser. 7, 1862, 5(7), p. 63.

Thalassiochelis caouana : Nardo, Atti Inst. Ven. Sci. Lett. Arti. 1864, (3)9, p. 1421.

Eremonia elongata : Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1873, p. 408.

Caretta caretta : Stejneger, Ann. Rep. U. S. Natl. Mus. 1904, 1902, p. 715.

Thallasochelys cephalo : Barbour and Cole, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 1906, 50, p. 148.

Caretta caretta caretta : Mertens and Muller, Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 1928, 41, p. 23.

Caretta gigas : Deraniyagala, Ceylon J. Sci. sect. B 1933, 18, p. 66: Gulf of Manaar, Ceylon.

Caretta caretta gigas : Deraniyagala, Tetrap. Rep. Ceylon 1939, 1, p. 164.

Caretta caretta tarapacana : Caldwell, Los Angeles Co. Mus. Contrib. Sei. 1962, 61, p. 24.

Chelonia cahuano : Tamayo, Inst. Mex. Inv. Econ. 1962, p. 373.

Caretta careta : Tamayo, Inst. Mex. Inv. Econ. 1962, p. 373.

The synonymy is based on information from Brongersma (1961), Wermuth and Mertens (1977), Smith and Smith (1980), Cogger (1983 Ä), Pritchard and Trebbau (1984), Frazier (1985), and Wallin (1985). There is considerable variation between synonymies.

Wallin (1985) argued that inasmuch as Linnaeus' (1758) concept of Chelonia mydas included both Eretmochelys imbricata and Caretta caretta and that surviving type material included both C. mydas and C. caretta , the Linnaean species name caretta was not available for C. caretta as currently recognized. He stated that the name caretta was available in Walbaum (1782) and that the correct citation should be Caretta caretta Walbaum, 1782 . This interpretation was disputed by Pritchard (personal communication) who contended Walbaum was not describing Caretta but merely restating Linnaeus' description.

The synonymy follows Yanez (1951) and Frazier (1985) in relegating material described as Thalassiochelys tarapacona by Philippi (1887) to Lepidochelys olivacea . Frazier (1985) provided a synonymy of specimens previously considered Caretta from South America which should henceforth be considered synonymous with Lepidochelys .