Polycirrus habitats, Carrerette, Orlemir & Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, 2013
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3626.1.6 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7E2E8B2C-3A68-45A5-8ABB-803FC237357D |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6165221 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/45064C44-DD2C-FF9C-41A8-D75FFD9F86A2 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Polycirrus habitats |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Polycirrus habitats View in CoL sp. nov.
( Figures 9–10 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 ; Tables 2 View TABLE 2 , 6 View TABLE 6 )
Type series. Holotype and paratype 1 coll. 07.Feb.2009 (21º56'7.560"S 39º57'51.306"W 720 m); holotype MZUSP 1221; paratype 1 MZUSP 1246.
Material examined. HABITATS /PETROBRAS Project: State of Rio de Janeiro—Campos Basin, Continental Slope/Canyons: 21º56'7.560"S 39º57'51.306"W, 720 m, 2 specs, coll. 07.Feb.2009.
Additional material examined for comparison. Polycirrus abrolhensis Garraffoni & Costa, 2003. Holotype: IBUFRJ–0481; paratypes 1: IBUFRJ–0482. Polycirrus glaucus Hutchings, 1993 . Holotype: AM W20937; paratypes: AM W20966, 2 incomplete specimens.
Description. Middle-sized, anteriorly swollen worm ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 A–B, D–I), abruptly tapering at segment 10–11, coiled after notopodia terminate. Holotype complete, with 57 (63) segments, 9.5 (10.1) mm long, 1.0 (0.8) mm wide ( Table 6 View TABLE 6 ). Prostomium at base of upper lip, both basal and distal parts forming thick crests on dorsal surface of upper lip, crests laterally expanded, basal part extending posteriorly and ventrally, terminating laterally to mouth; swollen distal part of prostomium, restricted to base of upper lip; two types of buccal tentacles, long tentacles distally expanded, short tentacles uniformly cylindrical ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 A–B, D–I). Peristomium restricted to lips ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 A–B, D–I); thick upper lip, elongate, relatively narrow, densely ciliated ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 G–H); lower lip with short, ciliated and grooved button and developed midventral shield, extending to anterior margin of segment 2 ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 A, D, G–H). Segment 1 not conspicuous around body; segment 2 narrower than following segments. Rectangular, highly glandular, tessellated ventro-lateral glandular pads on segments 2–13, pairs separated by mid-ventral groove extending from segment 3, right after termination of lower lip ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 A, D, G); pads progressively narrower from segment 10; wide groove on region with notopodia, progressively narrowing after termination of notopodia. Cylindrical notopodia extending to segment 17, with elongate, distally blunt post-chaetal lobe ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 A, F–I). Pinnate notochaetae on both rows, gradually tapering to tips ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 A–B, E). Neuropodia beginning from segment 9; anterior neuropodia as short, sessile tori, progressively more developed posteriorwards, as prominent pinnules on posterior chaetigers. Neurochaetae type 2 uncini sensu Glasby & Glasby (2006) ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 C–D; F–I), higher than long, with short dorsal button near base of main fang, and crest with two rows of secondary teeth, first row with long, single tooth, upper row with tiny teeth around base of tooth from basal row. ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 C–D; F–I). Nephridial and genital papillae present on segments 3–11. Pygidium surrounded by rounded papillae, larger ventral papilla, small papillae lateral and dorsally ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 C).
Remarks. Polycirrus habitats sp. nov., belongs to Group 2A sensu Glasby & Glasby (2006) for having type 2 uncini together with pinnate notochaetae. To this group also belong P. abrolhensis Garraffoni & Costa, 2003, P. aquila Caullery, 1944 , P. clavatus (Kinberg, 1866) , P. coccineus (Grube, 1870) , P. glaucus Hutchings, 1993 , and P. medius Hessle, 1917 . Among all those, P. abrolhensis and P. clavatus were originally described from Brazil, and P. coccineus has already been recorded from the Brazilian coast (Nonato 1981; Paiva 1990, 1993; Duarte 1980; Morgado 1980), but it is unlikely to occur in Brazil, as its type locality is in the Red Sea (see Table 1 View TABLE 1 ).
Polycirrus abrolhensis was described from Abrolhos Archipelago, Brazil, and shares several characters with P. habitats sp. nov., such as elongated, distally tapering notopodia, similar number of pairs of notopodia ( Tables 1–2 View TABLE 1 View TABLE 2 ), and dorsal surface slightly wrinkled on the segments of region with notopodia. On the other hand, P. abrolhensis differs from P. habitats sp. nov., in the morphology of the upper lip, the segment on which the first pair of neuropodia appears, and the number of nephridial and genital papillae ( Tables 1–2 View TABLE 1 View TABLE 2 ). Polycirrus abrolhensis has trilobed upper lip with convoluted lateral lobes, neuropodia beginning from segment 8, and nephridial and genital papillae on segments 4–12 ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ). Polycirrus habitats sp. nov., in contrast, has elongate and narrow upper lip, not clearly folded into three lobes, neuropodia beginning on segment 9, and nephridial and genital papillae on segments 3–11 ( Table 2 View TABLE 2 ).
Polycirrus aquila was originally described from the Malay Archipelago, Southeastern Asia, and according to Holthe (1986a) has been recorded from several localities in the Indo-Pacific. Polycirrus aquila differs from P. habitats sp. nov., in having 16 pairs of notopodia, neuropodia beginning from segment 16, and nephridial and genital papillae on segments 3–17 (2–16 according to Holthe 1986a, but we believe this is due to miscounting of anterior segments) ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ).
Polycirrus clavatus was described from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from a specimen in poor condition (Kinberg 1867). According to Glasby & Glasby (2006), P. clavatus differs from P. habitats sp. nov., by having notopodia extending until segment 14 and neuropodia beginning from segments 4–5 ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ).
Polycirrus coccineus was originally described from the Red Sea and has also been recorded from Brazilian waters by Nonato (1981, as Polycirrus cf. coccineus ) and later by Paiva (1990, 1993). However, according to the literature, Brazilian specimens differ from those from the type-locality as the latter have 19 pairs of notopodia, bearing only pinnate notochaetae, and neuropodia beginning from the penultimate segment with notopodia, i.e., segment 20 ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ), while the Brazilian specimen described by Nonato (1981) was incomplete, with only 14 chaetigers, bearing pinnate and limbate notochaetae, and neuropodia were absent. Polycirrus habitats sp. nov., differs from both “variations” of P. coccineus in the number pairs of notopodia and the segment on which neuropodia begin ( Tables 1–2 View TABLE 1 View TABLE 2 ).
Polycirrus glaucus was originally described from Western Australia and differs from P. habitats sp. nov., in having notopodia extending to segment 11, i.e., only 9 pairs of notopodia, and neuropodia beginning from segment 14 (Hutchings 1993; Glasby & Glasby 2006; JMMN personal observation) ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ).
Finally, P. medius was originally described from Japan and has never been found outside of the type-locality (Holthe 1986). According to the original description (Hessle 1917), P. medius differs from P. habitats sp. nov., in having 16 pairs of notopodia, and neuropodia beginning from segment 16 ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ).
Etymology. We name this species in apposition to " Habitats Project" (“Environmental Heterogeneity in the Campos Basin”), in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, art. 34.2.1 (ICZN 1999). “ Habitats Project” immensely improved the knowledge on the marine fauna occurring off the Brazilian coast, including several deep-sea habitats .
TABLE 6. Morphological variation within the type-series of Polycirrus habitats sp. nov.
| Holotype (MZUSP 1221) | Paratype 1 (MZUSP 1246) | |
|---|---|---|
| Size (length x width (mm)) | 9.5 x 0.6 | 10.1 x 0.8 |
| Number of segments | 57 | 63 |
| Termination of notopodia (segment) | 17 | 17 |
| Beginning of neuropodia (segment) | 9 | 9 |
| Nephridial and genital papillae (segments) | 3–11 | 3–11 |
| Ventro-lateral pads (segments) | 2–13 | 2–13 |
| Additional data | Complete, in good state of preservation | Incomplete, in good state of preservation, mounted on SEM stub |
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