Pleurotroppopsis lunata Kamijo, 1990

Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J. & Zhu, Chao-Dong, 2022, Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters, Zootaxa 5190 (4), pp. 451-484 : 469-470

Pleurotroppopsis lunata Kamijo, 1990

( Fig. 11 )

Pleurotroppopsis lunata Kamijo, 1990: 818–820 . Holotype ♀, HUMJ (examined).

Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna dark brown with scape paler dorsally at base ( Fig. 11c ). Fore wing strongly and broadly infuscate with apex lighter, speculum reduced ( Fig. 11b ). Frontovertex with a median groove below anterior ocellus but not reaching to frontal carina ( Figs 11d, 11e ). Upper margin of scrobes weakly incised in the middle, hence frontal carina weakly sinuate. Ocelli in a right-angled triangle. Occiput with a short median longitudinal carina not reaching occipital carina above transoccipital ridge. Collar of pronotum with dense setae ( Fig. 11b ). MLM with a median groove expressed as several small deep punctures ( Fig. 11a ). Posterior groove of scutellum almost absent, only present as extended part of sublateral grooves ( Figs 11a, 11b ). Axilla with five setae ( Fig. 11a ). Dorsellum with small punctures along posterior margin. Propodeum with distinct furrow along each side of median carina; with 13 setae on each smooth submedian area ( Figs 11a, 11b ). Petiole transverse with one whitish seta on each side. Gaster more slender than other Pleurotroppopsis species, about 2× as long as broad, with Gt 1 bare and Gt 2 less piliferous-punctate in dorsal view ( Figs 11a, 11b ). Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin.

MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Vertex transverse with ocelli in a distinctly obtuseangled triangle. Propodeum with only one seta on each side of submedian areas. Petiole nearly as long as broad, with 2 setae on each side. Fore wing hyaline.

Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Iriomote Is., Okinawa Pref., em. I. 1978, coll. F. Komai ( HUMJ); paratype ♂, same data as holotype ( HUMJ).

Biology. The type specimens of P. lunata were possibly reared from Strophedra sp. ( Lepidoptera : Tortricidae ) ( Kamijo 1990).

Distribution. Japan.

Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis lunata is known only from the type specimens collected in Japan. This species is uniquely differentiated by each submedian area of the propodeum having 13 setae and each side of the petiole having one lateral seta in the female and 2 lateral setae in the male. In addition, P. lunata is the only species in Pleurotroppopsis with a very slender gaster—about 2× as long as broad and also distinctly pointed apically, which is rare for the genus. In the same clade of MPT, this species does not appear to be closely related to the species ( P. lankensis , P. nitifrons , P. japonica , and P. maculatipennis ) it forms with ( Fig. 19 ). Pleurotroppopsis lunata shares only seven morphological characters with the five species and show several different character states, such as: frontal carina sinuate, pronotal collar with longer sculptured area, axilla with five setae, dorsellum punctate, fore wing with reduced speculum and petiole with setae, the last character being an autapomorphy ( Tables 2 , 3 , Fig. 19 ).

Figures

FIGURE 11. Pleurotroppopsis lunata Kamijo, holotype female: a–b, habitus in dorsal view; c, habitus in lateral view; d, frontovertex; e, head in frontal view; f, labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 19. Phylogenetic relationships of Pleurotroppopsis species based on morphological characters. Unambiguous apomorphies are mapped on branches using WinClada, with black circles representing nonhomplasious changes (synapomorphies or autapomorphies), and white circles representing homplasious changes. The mirror cladogram of the strict consensus tree with 89 steps obtained from parsimony analyses in TNT is shown on the right, with numbers above the nodes indicating bootstrap values.