Martinella lanuginosa Kataoka & L.G.Lohmann, 2021

Kataoka, Eric Y. & Lohmann, Lucia G., 2021, Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), PhytoKeys 177, pp. 77-116 : 77

3. Martinella lanuginosa Kataoka & L.G.Lohmann sp. nov. Fig. 7

Type.

Peru. Madre de Dios: Tambopata, Dist. Puerto Maldonado, Fundo Concepcion , bosque ribereño, 200 m, 12°32'S, 69°03'W, 22 Aug 2003, I. Huamantupa, J. Vargas & J. Quispe, 3698 (holotype: SPF-240817!; isotypes: MO-2981780 not seen, AMAZ not seen, CUZ not seen, HUT not seen, USM not seen) .

Diagnosis.

Martinella lanuginosa differs from other Amazonian species of Martinella by the lanuginose leaflets on the abaxial surface and inflorescences arranged in lax thyrses, contrasting with the glabrous or tomentose leaflets on the abaxial surface and inflorescences botryoid or racemose found in all other Amazonian species.

Description.

Lianas; branches with solid pith, cylindrical, green, drying light brown, smooth, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes, with scattered patelliform glandular trichomes more frequently at interpetiolar region; prophylls of the axillary buds densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Leaves 2-foliolate with the terminal leaflet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, not pulvinated, 40-83.7 mm long, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes with few scattered patelliform glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, not pulvinated, 19.4-70.1 mm long, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes and occasional patelliform glandular trichomes; leaflets discolor, with abaxial surface lighter than the adaxial surface, chartaceous, ovate, apex acuminate, base cordate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 6.5-14.4 × 5.2-11.2 cm, adaxial surface glabrous, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes at canaliculi of veins, abaxial surface lanuginose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes with few patelliform glandular trichomes distributed along the midvein. Inflorescences in thyrses, 6.5-11 cm long, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with few patelliform glandular trichomes; bracts linear, 1.5-3 mm long, puberulent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 6.5-15.5 mm, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx chartaceous, campanulate, 18-21.6 × 8.9-12.3 mm, puberulent, covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, lobes 2-4, apex mucronate, puberulent; corolla lilac, membranous, 62.6-69.6 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 20.6-21.9 mm long × 5.3-6.2 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 42-47.7 mm long × 16.9-20.7 mm wide, lobes subcircular, 7.3-8.3 × 12.4-13 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 17.9-18.6 mm, shorter ones 12.3-13.3 mm, thecae 3-3.2 mm, glabrous; staminode ca. 1.2 mm, glabrous; gynoecium ca. 42 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk 3.3-3.4 × 1.1-1.15 mm. Fruits and seeds not seen.

Distribution and habitat.

Martinella lanuginosa is restricted to terra firme (non-flooded) forests of western Amazon (see Fig. 8 ), with known occurrences in Brazil (Acre state) and eastern Peru.

Etymology.

The specific epithet relates to the lanuginose indumentum on the abaxial surface of leaflets that confers a wool-like feel when touched.

Phenology.

Flowering specimens were collected in late October.

Conservation status.

Near Threatened (NT) based on the EOO of 24,543 km2.

Discussion.

Martinella lanuginosa is a new taxon discovered based on morphology and confirmed to represent an independent lineage based on molecular phylogenetic data (Kataoka and Lohmann in prep.). This new taxon is sister to M. insculpta and M. obovata . Martinella lanuginosa is readily distinguished from its Amazonian sister-taxa by the leaflets lanuginose on the abaxial side (versus glabrescent in M. insculpta ), and glabrous in M. obovata (versus tomentose in M. tomentosa ). The inflorescence is a lax thyrse that is easily distinguished from the densely arranged thyrse of Martinella tomentosa . Very few specimens of M. lanuginosa have been collected, none of which bear fruits and/or seeds.

Specimens examined.

Brazil. Acre: Brasileia, Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes, seringal Porongaba , colocação Dois Irmaos , terra firme, 10°51'N, 68°48'W, 28 Oct 1991, L. Ferreira 109 (NY) . Colombia. Bolívar: Turbaco, Fundacion Jardin Botanico "Guillermo Piñeres” y alrededore, 130 m, 23 May 1992, R. Rueda 414 (MO) . Peru. Loreto: Alto Amazonas, Yurimaguas Estacion Experimental de North Carolina State , 10 years old second growth dominated by Cecropia , on sandy and yellow lateritic soil, 180 m, 9 Oct 1985, A.H. Gentry 52144 (MO) . Madre de Dios: Cocha Cashu camp, Manú National Park, Rio Manu , mature forest on alluvial soil, 380 m, 24 Oct 1979, A.H. Gentry 27233 (MO); Manú, Parque Nacional Manu , Estacion Biologica de Cocha Cashu. Mature floodplain, 150 m, 11°54'S, 71°22'W, 6 Jun 2001, L.G.Lohmann 616 (MO) .

Figures

Figure 7. Martinella lanuginosa Kataoka & L. G. Lohmann A flowering branch B interpetiolar region with patelliform glandular trichomes C abaxial side of leaflet with lanuginose indumentum and patelliform glandular trichomes D trifid tendril E calyx external view F detail of calyx indumentum G open flower showing anthers, trichome distribution, and reduced (ca. 1.5 mm) staminode H gynoecium. Illustrated by Klei Sousa, based on A. H. Gentry 27233 (B, D), MO; I. Huamantupa 3698 (A, E, F-H), R. Rueda 414 (C), SPF.

Figure 8. Distribution map of Martinella lanuginosa.