Caroxylon divaricatum Moq., 1849

Mucina, Ladislav, 2017, Caroxylon (Chenopodiaceae s. str.) in continental southern Africa and Madagascar: a preliminary nomenclatural synopsis and biogeographical considerations, Phytotaxa 312 (2), pp. 151-178 : 160

29. Caroxylon divaricatum Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13, 2: 177 (1849). ( Fig. 1 , F)

≡ Salsola divaricata (Moq.) Moq. ex Ulbr. in Engl. & Prantl in Natürl. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nom. illeg. (Art. 53.1 of ICN).

Type (designated by Botschantzev 1974a:611):―[ SOUTH AFRICA]. Ad Caput bonae spei [Cape of Good Hope] [Western Cape Prov.]: Ebenezar , in der Valei und am Ufer des Olifantsriver, unter 100 Fuss, November 1839, Drège 3000a (planta glabra) (lectotype LE-00011854 ! ; isolectotypes BM-000910445 !, E-00196321 !, K-001089675 !).

≡ Salsola capensis Botsch. in Botanicheskii Zhurnal 54, 7: 989 (1969b).

Type:―[ SOUTH AFRICA]. Ad Caput bonae spei [Cape of Good Hope] [Western Cape Prov.]: Ebenezar , in der Valei und am Ufer des Olifantsriver, unter 100 Fuss, Nov 1839, Drège 3000a (planta glabra) (lectotype LE-00011854 ! designated by Botschantzev 1974a, p. 611; isolectotypes BM-000910445 !, E-00196321 !, K-001089675 !).

‒ Salsola tuberculata var. albida Fenzl ex Drège in Flora 26(29), 2, Beigabe: 107, 217 (1844), nom. nud. (Art. 38.1a of ICN).

Notes:― The name Salsola capensis was validly proposed by Botschantzev (1969b) to replace the illegitimate Salsola divaricata (Moq.) Moq. ex Ulbr. that is a later homonym of the name Salsola divaricata Mass. ex Link in Phys. Beschr. Canar. Ins.: 141 (1825). Moquin-Tandon (in de Candolle 1849: 178) cited under C. divaricatum a specimen (or specimens) “ad caput Bonae-Spei (Zeyh.! pl. exc. n. 3000a)”. Thus, all duplicates of those collections are technically syntypes. Botschantzev (1974a, p. 611) lectotypified S. capensis (the name of the same taxon when classified with Salsola ) by designating Drège’s 3000a (planta glabra) specimen in LE as the lectotype and the specimens in BM, E and K as isolectotypes. Because I assume that the voucher “3000a” in Zeyher’s herbarium is one of the exsicata collected by Drège, and because the repacement name is typified by the type of the replaced name (Art. 7.4 of ICN), the lectotypification of S. capensis should be considered an automatic lectotypification of C. divaricatum .

Distribution: ―South Africa (WC): Olifants River Valley.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Representative taxa of the genus Caroxylon from southern Africa.A: C. tetramerum, SouthAfrica, Knersvlakte, Moedverloor NR near Lutzville, local endemic of the quartz patches; B: C. verdoorniae, South Africa, Little Karoo, Groot Phesantefontein, local endemic of the quartz patches; C: C. contrariifolia, South Africa, Knersvlakte, loamy, shale-derived soil supporting succulent scrub, Lankverwag Farm near Vanrhynsdorp (inset: detail of fertile branch); D: C. zeyheri, South Africa, Knersvlakte, gannabosveld (succulent scrub dominated by gannabos, vernacular name for Salsola/Caroxylon) near Vanrhynsdorp; E: C. etoshensis, Namibia, Etosha National Parl, Okaukuejo, saline calcrete flats along edges of the large Etosha Pan; F: C. divaricatum, SouthAfrica, Olifants River mouth, supratidal saline flats fringing an old estuary system; G: C. nollothensis, South Africa, Namaqualand, Port Nolloth, McDougalls Bay, shell-rich coastal dunes.All photos by L. Mucina.