Castianeira zetes Simon, 1897

Sankaran, Pradeep M., Malamel, Jobi J., Joseph, Mathew M. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2018, Redescription of Castianeira zetes Simon, 1897 (Araneae, Corinnidae, Castianeirinae), Zootaxa 4457 (3), pp. 487-490 : 487-490

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4457.3.11
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2839E813-8ED7-44A4-A3E3-B86D3DB19695
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5963915
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/464187CF-FFD6-FFD8-FF1D-FA304A48FD64
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Castianeira zetes Simon, 1897
status

Treatment

Castianeira zetes Simon, 1897 View in CoL

Castaneira zetes Simon, 1897: 294 (♀); Gravely, 1931: 273, fig. 20A–B (♂ ♀).

Castianeira zetes Roewer, 1955: 611 View in CoL ; Tikader & Biswas, 1981: 73, plate X, figs 129–130 (♀); Tikader, 1981: 258, figs 1–4 (♂ ♀); Majumder & Tikader, 1991: 132, figs 264–269 (♂ ♀); Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2000: 132, figs 1–7 (♀, not ♂, male misidentified); Sebastian & Peter, 2009: 176, plate 47 (♀); Sen et al., 2015: 72, figs 399–403, plate XVIII (♂ ♀); Dhali et al., 2017: 55, figs 214–218, plate XX (♂ ♀).

Type material. Holotype ♀ from PAKISTAN: Karachi (Kurrachee), 25°04'12.15''N, 67°17'05.24''E, 131 m. a.s.l., leg. M.M. Maindron, 1896, repository MNHN with voucher number 14567, examined based on photographs ( Fig. 1A–D View FIGURE 1 ).

Other material examined. INDIA: Kerala: Palakkad, Thrippalur , Pullodu (10°38'16.58''N, 76°33'52.87''E), 70 m. a.s.l., 13 May 2017 and 6 November 2017, leg. M.S. Pradeep, from ground, by hand, 1♂ 3 ♀ ( ADSH 11126 View Materials ) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. Both males and females of C. zetes closely similar to those of Castianeira arnoldii Charitonov, 1946 , but can be distinguished from the latter by the following combination of characters: abdomen of males with conspicuous medio-lateral constriction (less evident in C. arnoldii ), long embolus (moderately long in C. arnoldii ), embolus wavy near tip (straight in C. arnoldii ), copulatory ducts with stronger distal loop near spermathecal head (less prominent in C. arnoldii ), and the spermathecal head smaller than in C. arnoldii (cf. Figs 1E View FIGURE 1 , 2A–E View FIGURE 2 and figs 1–12 in Marusik & Mikhailov 2010).

Redescription. Male (ADSH 11126, Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 ) in alcohol. Carapace, spinnerets, legs III and IV black. Carapace with uniform covering of appressed white hairs. Chelicerae, fangs, maxillae, labium, sternum brownish-black. Sternum papillate. Opisthosoma elongate-oval, mid antero-laterally constricted, black with three white transverse bands, 1 st anterior , 2nd nearly middle, 3rd posterior, with pair of white irregular patches lying anterior to median band ( Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 ). Dorsal scutum entire, papillate. Venter medially depressed; ventral scutum squarish, blackish-brown. Legs I and II strawcoloured with black mottling, III and IV with white patches and stripes; tarsi weakly scopulate. Body length 4.99. Carapace 2.31 long, 1.37 wide. Opisthosoma 2.68 long, 1.09 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: ALE 0.06, AME 0.10, PLE 0.06, PME 0.08, ALE–PLE 0.05, AME–ALE 0.03, AME–AME 0.06, PME–PLE 0.05, PME–PME 0.12. Clypeus height at AME 0.13, at ALE 0.12. Length of chelicerae 0.43. Pedipalp and leg lengths: Pedipalp 2.12 [0.59, 0.25, 0.23, 1.05], I 4.92 [1.28, 0.44, 1.21, 1.14, 0.85], II 4.48 [1.23, 0.41, 1.04, 0.99, 0.81], III 4.34 [1.17, 0.47, 0.93, 1.10, 0.67], IV 6.58 [1.75, 0.58, 1.56, 1.88, 0.81]. Leg formula: 4123. Spination of pedipalp: femur pl 2 do 1, patella spineless, tibia pl 2, tarsus/cymbium pl 1 plv 1; legs: femur I pl 2 do 2, II pl 1 do 2, III pl 3 do 2 rl 1, IV pl 3 do 2 rl 1; patellae I–IV spineless; tibia I plv 3 rlv 2, II plv 1 rlv 1, III pl 2 do 1 rl 3 plv 3, IV pl 1 do 1 rl 1 plv 3 rlv 2; metatarsi I–II plv 2 rlv 2, III–IV pl 4 rl 3 plv 2 rlv 3 vt 1; tarsi I–IV spineless. Pedipalp ( Fig. 2A–C View FIGURE 2 ): Palpal segments black. Bulb with well-marked globose base, moderately long distal tegular neck, with obliquely flat apex ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ). Pro- and retrolateral subtegulums nearly equal in size ( Fig. 2A, C View FIGURE 2 ). Sperm duct thick, prominent ( Fig. 2A–C View FIGURE 2 ). Embolus, long with one complete turn ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 ), slightly wavy near tip ( Fig. 2B, 2 View FIGURE 2 nd arrow), tip with short, narrow stylus ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 , 1 View FIGURE 1 st arrow ), directed at 11-o’ clock position in ventral view ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ).

Female (ADSH 11126, Fig. 1F View FIGURE 1 ) in alcohol. Like male except the following: Opisthosoma oval, lacking paired white patches; median white transverse band short, posterior one lying away from the rear end of opisthosoma. Venter lacks depression and scutum. Body length 5.33. Carapace 2.72 long, 1.65 wide. Opisthosoma 2.61 long, 1.74 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: ALE 0.09, AME 0.12, PLE 0.11, PME 0.10, ALE–PLE 0.08, AME–ALE 0.03, AME–AME 0.07, PME–PLE 0.09, PME–PME 0.11. Clypeus height at AME 0.19, at ALE 0.16. Length of chelicerae 0.74. Palp and leg lengths: Palp 2.64 [0.73, 0.38, 0.50, 1.03], I 6.24 [1.77, 0.69, 1.41, 1.34, 1.03], II 5.93 [1.69, 0.68, 1.28, 1.35, 0.93], III 5.37 [1.56, 0.70, 1.10, 1.30, 0.71], IV 8.12 [2.17, 0.85, 1.89, 2.28, 0.93]. Spination of palp: femur pl 1 do 2 rlv 7, patella pl 1 do 2, tibia pl 1 do 2 plv 1, tarsus pl 2 plv 1 rl 1 rlv 1; legs: femur I pl 2 do 2, II pl 1 do 2, III pl 2 do 2, IV pl 3 do 2 rl 1; patellae I–IV spineless; tibia I plv 3 rlv 2, II plv 1 rlv 2, III pl 2 do 1 rl 2 plv 3 rlv 3, IV pl 2 do 1 rl 2 plv 3 rlv 3; metatarsi I–II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 2 rl 3 plv 3 rlv 3 vt 1, IV pl 3 rl 3 plv 3 rlv 3 vt 1; tarsi I–IV spineless. Epigynum ( Figs 1G View FIGURE 1 , 2D–E View FIGURE 2 ). Copulatory openings large, widely placed, obliquely oriented, inverted U-shaped, with dorso-laterally thickened rims ( Figs 1G View FIGURE 1 , 2D View FIGURE 2 ). Copulatory ducts moderately long, sclerotised, with obliquely oriented sharp S-shaped distal loop ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ). Spermathecae large, sac-like, contiguous, leaving moderately long median separation ( Figs 1G View FIGURE 1 , 2E View FIGURE 2 ). Fertilization ducts tiny, postero-medially placed ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ).