Paracanace oliveirai (Wirth)

Mathis, Wayne N. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2012, A conspectus on the Canacidae (Diptera) of Brazil, ZooKeys 162, pp. 59-92 : 71-73

Paracanace oliveirai (Wirth) Fig. 8

Canace oliveirai Wirth 1956: 164. [Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Ilha Guaiba, Baia de Sepetiba (22°58.3'S, 43°52.6'W); HT ♂, FIOC]; 1975: 1 [Neotropical catalog].

Paracanace oliveirai . Mathis and Wirth 1978: 524 [generic combination, key], 527 [key]. Mathis 1992: 10 [world catalog]. Munari and Mathis 2010: 24 [world catalog].

Diagnosis.

This species is similar to other species of the maritima group but can be distinguished from other congeners by the following combination of characters: As in generic descriptions and key to species with the following details: Generally appearing setulose, although less so than Paracanace maritima ; body length 1.54-2.05 mm. Head: Frons moderately densely golden brown to brownish tan microtomentose; face microtomentose, mostly silvery white, with some faint grayish blue near middle; gena similar in coloration and vestiture to face but more silvery white, with some gray adjacent to anteroventral margin of eye; middle dorsoclinate genal seta subequal in length to setae on either side. Thorax: Mesonotum tan to brown, becoming more grayish brown toward lateral margins and posteriorly; acrostichal setulae in 2 rows, posterior pair longer; scutellum gray; pleural area pale gray with some faint bluish coloration. Wing evenly faintly infumate, pale grayish brown; spinelike setulae along costal margin short, length less than half width of 1st costal cell; costal vein ratio 0.13-0.20; M vein ratio 0.37-0.40. Femora and tibiae gray with some darker coloration dorsally; basal 3 tarsomeres yellow, apical 2 yellowish brown to brown; long setae along posteroventral margin of forefemur with apical 1-2 black, others pale. Abdomen: Generally gray, dorsum darker, somewhat shiny, with faint metallic reflections, lateral margins dull. Male terminalia (Fig. 8): surstylus pale colored, especially apical half, yellowish orange to pale yellow; surstylus subrectangular in lateral view, oriented posteroventrally, ventral margin broadly and shallowly rounded, not pointed, with posteroventral and anteroventral angles relatively similar, posterior margin in posterior view with shallow swelling subapically, posteroventral portion projected medially, setulae along anterior and posterior margins small and indistinct.

Specimens examined from Brazil.

PARANÁ. Antonina (25°28.4'S, 48°40.9'W; beach/mangal), 3 Feb-9 Apr 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (21♂, 4♀; DZUP, USNM); Antonina (25°27.1'S, 48°41.1'W; beach; Ponta da Pita), 3-15 Feb 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; DZUP, USNM); Prainha (5 km S Matinhos; 25°51.2'S, 48°33.6'W; beach), 15 Nov 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).

RIO DE JANEIRO. Ilha da Marambaia (23°3.6'S, 43°59.1'W), 4 Sep 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (14♂, 6♀; USNM).

Distribution.

Neotropical: Brazil ( Paraná, Rio de Janeiro).

Remarks.

This species is similar and evidently closely related to Paracanace aicen Mathis and Wirth from the West Indies, and these two species have been confused. Wirth’s original description and illustration of Paracanace oliveirai , for example, included specimens of both species in the type series, and Wirth’s illustration, which is based on a specimen from the Dominican Republic, is actually Paracanace aicen (Fig. 7), not Paracanace oliveirai (Fig. 8). Because these two species have been confused, we present here comparable lateral views of the respective epandrium, surstylus, and cercus for both species to facilitate their identification. The illustration of Paracanace oliveirai is the first for that species. Please note that the lateral view of the fused surstylus of Paracanace oliveirai (Fig. 8) is more rectangular than the more elliptical shape of the comparable structure of Paracanace aicen (Fig. 7)