Wuliphantes, Irfan & Wang & Zhang, 2023

Irfan, Muhammad, Wang, Lu-Yu & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, 2023, Survey of Linyphiidae spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Wulipo National Nature Reserve, Chongqing, China, European Journal of Taxonomy 871, pp. 1-85 : 68-69

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2023.871.2129
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0578106F-841E-4CD0-90F1-39CEDE96959C
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8007164
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F4144F4-6674-4C3F-B481-4097D6BDB7D6
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F4144F4-6674-4C3F-B481-4097D6BDB7D6
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Wuliphantes
status	gen. nov.

Treatment

Wuliphantes gen. nov. (五里蛛属)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F4144F4-6674-4C3F-B481-4097D6BDB7D6

Type species

Wuliphantes trigyrus gen. et sp. nov.

Diagnosis

Wuliphantes gen. nov. can be diagnosed by the following synapomorphies as: (1) in male palp, distal end of tegulum narrow, extending forward, long with a conspicuous membranous protegulum; (2) distal suprategular apophysis absent; (3) embolic plate with two projections (dorsal and ventral); (4) embolus very long, forming more than one coil (depending on the species, the coil number goes from two to four or even more). Female can be diagnosed by: (1) the scape and parmula absent in epigyne; (2) copulatory ducts transparent, with several tightly coiled coils before entering the spermathecae; (3) spermathecae compact to helical.

Etymology

The genus name is derived from the type locality (Wulipo) and the generic name Bathyphantes . Gender is masculine.

Composition

Wuliphantes guanshan ( Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2022) gen. et comb. nov., W. trigyrus gen. et sp. nov. and W. tongluensis ( Chen & Song, 1988) gen. et comb. nov.

Remarks

Bathyphantes can be diagnosed with the following set of synapomorphies proposed by Ivie (1969): in male palp, (1) tegulum with terminal extension of distal suprategular apophysis; (2) embolic plate with relatively large, flat lamella comprise of anterior and dorsal projections; (3) embolus ordinarily stout and coiled at base and becoming slender toward tip. Epigynum consisting of (1) atrium, a large cavity opening posteriorly, with ventral covering below and dorsal wall above; (2) scape, posterior extension of ventral rim of atrium often long and slender, in some cases short and blunt, in others absent, usually with a small pit near distal end; (3) parmula, posterior extension of atrial plate, usually slender, with small pit near distal end; (4) spermathecae, one on each side in anterior part of internal epigynum.

Wuliphantes gen. nov. shares a single character of a simple U- or J-shaped paracymbium with the genera Bathyphantes Menge, 1866 , Kaestneria Wiehle, 1956 and Porrhomma Simon, 1884 : figs 55b, 61b, 68b ( Bosmans 2006: fig. 1; Zhao & Li 2014: figs 5b, 8b, 47b, 49b; Irfan & Peng 2018: figs 3b, 6b; Merrett 1963: fig. 21a–b; Tao et al. 1995: figs 76, 82–83; Ruzicka 2018: fig. 2a). Wuliphantes gen. nov. can be distinguished from the genera Bathyphantes Menge, 1866 , Kaestneria Wiehle, 1956 and Porrhomma Simon, 1884 by the embolus very long, forming two to four coils in Wuliphantes gen. nov. ( Figs 55A View Fig , 58A View Fig , 61A View Fig ), whereas embolus short, probably with half or single coil in Bathyphantes ( Bosmans 2006: fig. 1; Zhao & Li, 2014 figs 5b, 8b, Zhao & Li, 2014 figs 47b, 49b), embolus stout, relatively short with pointed end in Kaestneria ( Irfan & Peng 2018: figs 3b, 6b; Merrett 1963: fig. 21a–b; Tao et al. 1995: figs 76, 82–83), embolus short, reaching to tip of anterior projection of embolic plate to form half circle in Porrhomma ( Ruzicka 2018: figs 2a, 19b); embolic plate with two projections (dorsal and ventral) in Wuliphantes gen. nov. ( Figs 55D View Fig , 58A View Fig , 61D View Fig ), whereas with two to three projections (anterior, dorsal and ventral) in Bathyphantes ( Zhao & Li 2014: figs 5–6, 8), Kaestneria (dorsal) ( Irfan & Peng 2018: figs 3b, 6b) and in Porrhomma (anterior, posterior and dorsal) ( Ruzicka 2018: fig. 19b); distal end of tegulum long with a conspicuous membranous protegulum in Wuliphantes gen. nov. ( Figs 55B View Fig , 58B View Fig , 61B View Fig ), whereas distal end of tegulum round, protegulum absent in Bathyphantes ( Zhao & Li 2014: figs 5–6, 8). Female can be distinguished by the scape absent in epigyne in Wuliphantes gen. nov. ( Figs 56A–B View Fig , 59A–B View Fig , 62A–B View Fig ), whereas present in Bathyphantes ( Tanasevitch 2011: figs 13, 30–34; 2014: fig. 21), Kaestneria (dorsal) ( Irfan & Peng 2018: figs 3b, 4a, 6b; Zhao & Li 2014: figs 47b, 48a, 49b) and with a small protegulum in Porrhomma ( Ruzicka 2018: fig. 2a–b), but can be distinguished by the copulatory ducts transparent, with several tightly coiled coils before entering spermathecae in Wuliphantes gen. nov. ( Figs 56B–C View Fig , 59B–C View Fig , 62B–C View Fig ), whereas without tightened coils in Bathyphantes ( Tanasevitch 2011: figs 13, 30–34) except Bathyphantes paracymbialis Tanasevitch, 2014 , of which the copulatory ducts form two wide loops ( Tanasevitch 2014: fig. 23); spermathecae compact in W. guanshan ( Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2022) gen. et comb. nov. and W. trigyrus gen. et sp. nov. ( Figs 56C View Fig , 62C View Fig ) and helical in W. tongluensis gen. et comb. nov. ( Fig. 59C View Fig ).

The diagnostic characters proposed for Wuliphantes gen. nov. (embolus long, forming more than one coil; tegulum with conspicuous protegulum; embolic plate with long ventral projection of lamella in male palp; in the epigyne, scape and parmula absent) are all apomorphic in nature that distinguish this genus from all other genera and also support Wuliphantes gen. nov. to accommodate W. guanshan ( Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2022) gen. et comb. nov., W. trigyrus gen. et sp. nov. and W. tongluensis ( Chen & Song, 1988) gen. et comb. nov.