Clerodendrum rotundifolium Oliver (1875: 132)

Meerts, Pierre, 2023, The genus Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae) in the flora of Central Africa (D. R. Congo, Rwanda, Burundi), Phytotaxa 594 (1), pp. 1-42 : 24-26

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.594.1.1
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7868792
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/49146779-FF89-6906-FF06-FB6DFE55FCFF
treatment provided by	Plazi (2023-04-24 09:41:22, last updated 2024-11-26 02:48:26)
scientific name	Clerodendrum rotundifolium Oliver (1875: 132)
status

Treatment

19. Clerodendrum rotundifolium Oliver (1875: 132) View in CoL View at ENA ; Baker (1900: 308); De Wildeman (1912b: 326); Thomas (1936: 61); Robyns (1947: 143); Lebrun et al. (1948: 117); Malaise (1985: 276); Verdcourt (1992: 99); Lebrun & Stork (1997: 513); Fernandes (2005: 98); Bloesch et al. (2009: 628); Burrows et al. (2018: 846).

Type:— TANZANIA. Bukoba district , Karagué, March 1862, Speke 461 (holotype: K000192885) .

= Clerodendrum guerkei Baker (1900: 308) View in CoL ; Moldenke (1980: 218). Type:— TANZANIA. [German East Africa, Usambara], Kwa Mshuza, Holst 8908a (holotype: B(?) not seen, iso-: HBG-513445).

= Clerodendrum cavum De Wildeman (1920a: 582) View in CoL ≡ Siphonanthus cavus De Wildeman (1920b: 164 View in CoL ; 1922: 259). Type:—D.R. CONGO. Mboga, 12 July 1914, Bequaert 5002 (lectotype designated here: BR0000020442521!; isolecto-: BR0000020442545!; NY00137331 (fragm.); US 02773877).

Suffrutex or shrub, occasionally sarmentose, 0.5– 4 m. Stem terete, hollow, velvety-tomentose, with pale lenticels. Leaves occasionally 3-whorled; petiole: (1–) 3–9 cm, shortly tomentose; lamina broadly ovate to deltoid, 4.5–19 × 4–13 cm, base obtuse, rounded or slightly cordate, apex shortly acuminate, discolorous, upper surface somewhat roughish, shortly pubescent, lower surface hispid-tomentose, especially on veins, 4–7 veins on either side, reticulum prominent on lower surface, margin entire to undulate-crenate. Inflorescence in the axils of leaves, in lax dichasia, 2.5–10 cm long (including peduncle), 5–7(–15)-flowered, the uppermost ones grouped in a loose panicle; bracts filiform to narrowly obovate-elliptic, 5–20 mm long, up to 2 mm wide; axes tomentellous. Flower: pedicel 10–40 mm, densely pubescent; calyx funnel-shaped, 11–20(–23) mm long, tube 2–9 mm, lobes narrowly ovate to triangular, acute to acuminate, (2–) 3–5 mm wide, densely pubescent, occasionally purple tinged; corolla: tube (50–) 70–110 mm, with eglandular and glandular hairs, lobes 10–15 mm long, white to yellowish; stamens exserted 25–30 mm, anther ca. 3 mm long. Fruit ca. 12 × 12 mm, dark olive green, subtended by the persistent chartaceous calyx up to 20 mm.

Distribution in Central Africa:—D.R. Congo, Rwanda, Burundi.

Distribution elsewhere:— Cameroon, Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda.

Habitat:—Savannah, shrub savannah, especially Hyparrhenia diplandra-Entada abyssinica savannah and Loudetia arundinacea-Hymenocardia acida savannah; more rarely riparian forest, fallow field, xerophilous scrub; 900–1900 m.

Selection of representative specimens:—D.R. CONGO. Lac Albert: Mboga, 12 July 1914, Bequaert 5002 (BR!); Nioka, 4 June 1952, Liben 317 (BR!). Lacs Edouard et Kivu: Entre Beni et Kasindi, 9 August 1914, Bequaert 5205 (BR!); Rumangabo, Zone Lubero, 13 July 1982, Breyne 4383 (BR!); Kivu, Territ. Katana, 5 December 1953, Christiaensen 269 (BR!); Museya, près d’Ishango, 18 May 1954, de Witte 10209 (BR!); territ. Beni, Lomera, 3 November 1954, de Witte 11348 (BR!, WAG); Plaine au sud du lac Edouard, May-June 1929, Humbert 8233 ( P).— RWANDA. Lacs Edouard et Kivu: Route Kibuye-Cyangugu, à env. 30 km de Kibuye, 6 February 1980, Bridson 330 (BR!, WAG). Rwanda-Burundi: Parc National de l’Akagera , bords du lac Ihema, 1 May 1969, Bouxin & Radoux 397 (BR!); Lugarama, SE Gabiro, 4 December 1944, Germain 2893 (BR!), Parc national de l’Akagera, Plaine Kabalele, January 1938, Lebrun 9756 (BR!, P); Région du Mutara, env. Mimuli, 22 December 1957, Troupin 5629 (BR!, WAG).— BURUNDI. Rwanda-Burundi: Mukarehe, March 1935, Becquet 900 (BR!); Kanyinya près du lac Rugwero, 27 December 1965, Lewalle 148 (BR!, MO); Gitega, Rutonde, 3 March 1968, Lewalle 2915 (BR!, MO); Muyinga, Kobero, 26 August 1980, Ndabaneze 1098 (BR!); Gitega, 2 January 1975, Reekmans 4275 (BR!, WAG).

Lectotypification of Clerodendrum cavum De Wild. De Wildeman (1920a) cited three syntypes, i.e. Bequaert 5002, Bequaert 5205, Bequaert 5534. I select as the lectotype the specimen with the largest leaves (Bequaert 5002, BR0000020442521!), because the protologue ( De Wildeman 1920a: 582) describes leaves as being 18–22 cm long. Remaining syntypes:D.R. CONGO.Entre Beni et Kasindi, 9August1914, Bequaert5205 (syntype:BR0000020442859!, BR0000020442873!, BR0000020442880!); Rutshuru, 4 September 1914, Bequaert5534 (syntype: BR0000008978677! & BR0000008978684!).

References

Baker, E. G. (1900) Clerodendrum. In: Thiselton-Dyer, W. T. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical Africa 5. Lovell Reeve & Co, London, pp. 292 - 314.

Bloesch, U., Troupin, G. & Derungs, N. (2009) Les plantes ligneuses du Rwanda. Flore, ecologie, usages. Shaker Verlag, Aachen, 755 pp.

Burrows, J., Burrows, S., L ˆ tter, M. & Schmidt, E. (2018) Trees and shrubs of Mozambique. Publishing Print Matters (Pty) Ltd, Noordhoek, Capetown, 1114 pp.

De Wildeman, E. (1912 b) Documents pour l'etude de la geo-botanique congolaise. Bulletin de la Societe Royale de Botanique de Belgique 51 (3): 1 - 406.

De Wildeman, E. (1920 a) Clerodendron a tiges fistuleuses. Comptes-rendus hebdomadaires des seances et memoires de la societe de Biologie: 582 - 584.

De Wildeman, E. (1920 b) Notes sur quelques especes africaines du genre Clerodendron (Verbenaceae). Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 7: 161 - 187. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3666464

De Wildeman, E. (1922) Plantae Bequaertianae. I (2). Hoste, Gand, pp. 167 - 298.

Fernandes, R. (2005) Verbenaceae. In: Pope, G. V. & Martins, E. S. (Eds.) Flora Zambesiaca. 8 (7). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp 6 - 61.

Lebrun, J., Taton, A., Toussaint, L. (1948) Exploration du Parc National de la Kagera, Mission J. Lebrun (1937 - 1938). Institut des Parcs nationaux du Congo belge, Bruxelles, 160 pp.

Lebrun, J. - P. & Stork, A. (1997) Enumeration des plantes a fleurs d'Afrique. IV. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la ville de Geneve, Geneve, 712 pp.

Malaise, P. (1985) Verbenaceae. In: Troupin, G. (Ed.) Flore du Rwanda, Spermatophytes. 3. Musee royal de l'Afrique centrale, Tervueren, pp. 267 - 291.

Moldenke, H. N. (1980) A sixth summary of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Chloanthaceae, Symphoremaceae, Nyctanthaceae and Eriocaulaceae of the world as to valid taxa, geographic distribution and synonymy. Phytologia Memoirs, vol. 2. 629 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12983

Oliver, D. (1875) The botany of the Speke and Grant Expedition, Dicotyledons (concluded). Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 29 (3): 104 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1875. tb 00234. x

Robyns, W. (1947) Flore des Spermatophytes du Parc national Albert, vol. II. Sympetales. Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo belge, Bruxelles, 627 pp.

Thomas, B. (1936) Die Gattung Clerodendrum inAfrika. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 68: 1 - 106.

Verdcourt, B. (1992) Clerodendrum. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of tropical East Africa. Verbenaceae. Balkema. Rotterdam, pp. 84 - 144.