Eupolyphaga hanae, Qiu & Che & Wang, 2018

Qiu, Lu, Che, Yang-Li & Wang, Zong-Qing, 2018, A taxonomic study of Eupolyphaga Chopard, 1929 (Blattodea: Corydiidae: Corydiinae), Zootaxa 4506 (1), pp. 1-68 : 16-18

Eupolyphaga hanae sp. nov.

( Figs. 5 E–J; 13 G–I; 19 A–D; 38 C–D, M; 40 A–K; 41 A–H)

Type material. Holotype: CHINA: Sichuan: male (SWU ex LQLC), Puzhao Temple [普照寺], Daguan Town [大观镇], Dujiangyan Prefectural-Level City [都江堰市], Chengdu City [成都市], 770 m, found inside tree holes around the root of a broadleaf tree, 19.V.2015, Lu Qiu & Jing-Fei Han leg., reared by Lu Qiu from the nymph . Paratypes: Sichuan: 1 male and 1 female ( LQLC, male in 100% alcohol), same data as the holotype, reared by Lu Qiu from the nymphs; 6 males and 5 females ( SWU ex LQLC, 3 males and 2 females in 100% alcohol), Laogangmo Village [老岗磨村], Taixing Township [太兴乡], Fuxing Town [复兴镇], Shehong County [射洪县], Suining City [遂宁市], found around an old house, 8.III.2016, Lei Wang leg. , males and parts of the females reared by Lu Qiu from the nymphs. Chongqing: 9 males and 4 females ( SWU, ex LQLC, 7 males and 2 females in 100% alcohol), Majiagou [马家沟], near Feilongmiao Temple [飞龙庙], Mt. Simianshan [四面山], Jiangjin District [江 津区], 970 m, found inside the loose muddy sand under the woodpile near an old farm house, 5.VI.2016, Hao Xu, Jian-Yue Qiu & Lu Qiu leg. , adult males all reared by Lu Qiu from the nymphs; 1 female ( SWU), Shunzigou [笋子 沟], Mt. Simianshan, Jiangjin District , found inside a hole under a cliff, 6.III.2016, Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu leg. ; 1 male and 1 female ( SWU), Mt. Jinyunshan [缙云山], Beibei District , 650m, 22.IX.2018, Lu Qiu leg. Guizhou: 1 male ( GZU), Linjiang village [蔺江村], Xishui County [习水县], Zhunyi City [遵义市], 24-30.IX.2000, Qiong- Zhang Song leg.

Other material examined. Several nymphs and oothecae (SWU), same data as the types from Dujiangyan, Suining and Mt. Simianshan.

Diagnosis. Male of this species superficially resembles E. hupingensis sp. nov., but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characteristics: 1) abdomen and legs whitish yellow ( Fig. 5 F ), while E. hupingensis with blackish legs and abdomen ( Fig. 5 B ); 2) styli thin and small ( Fig. 19 B ), while styli stout and robust in E. hupingensis ( Fig. 20 B ); 3) L3 thin, anterior of L1 reduced, R2 round ( Fig. 19 C–D), while L3 robust, anterior of L1 elongated, R2 with median concave in E. hupingensis ( Fig. 20 C–D).

Description. Male. General: measurements (mm): body length: 16.7–21.4, overall length: 27.6–36.8, pronotum length×width 5.1–5.8×8.2–9.4, tegmen length: 23.8–33.0. Small to large, brown to blackish brown in dorsal view, light pale yellow to light orange in ventral view, tegmina with dense maculae ( Fig. 5 E–H). Head: round, as long as width; reddish brown, darker at vertex and the space between ocelli. Interocular space very narrow. Ocelli large, protruded, Ocelli ridge wide. Frons brownish yellow, each lateral with a large orange spot which next to the antennal socket. Antennae brown. Clypeus small, flat, ante-clypeus light orange, lateral sides white; post-clypeus reddish brown, sometimes divided by a light colored longitudinal line medially. Labrum small, brown, hind margin thin, emarginated. Maxillary palpi and labial palpi reddish brown, with joint parts and apex whitish yellow (Fig. 13 H–I). Pronotum: unicolored, reddish brown to brown. Surface generally with many small yellowish-brown pubescence and very a few reddish-brown setae, margins with additional long reddish-brown setae. Apex convex and truncated; lateral fore borders oblique roundly; lateral parts round, becoming straight towards hind part, and forming obtuse angle with the hind margin; hind margin slightly outward (Fig. 13 G). Tegmina and wings: exceeded the end of abdomen about 9.0– 14.4 mm. Tegmina dark brown, irregularly with many small hyaline maculae, denser in margins and distal half of tegmen, and more likely with several large hyaline spots around R. Wings hyaline, slightly orange, darker toward apex, venation distinct, distal portion of M, CuA densely with black maculae. Legs: with brownish pubescence, whitish yellow, tibiae darker; tibial spines usually dark reddish brown with basal portion light reddish brown. Abdomen: whitish yellow. Supra-anal plate apex slightly emarginated, anterior margin and paraprocts well pubescent; two median sclerites distinct, unequalsized; cerci yellow, slender ( Fig. 19 A ). Subgenital plate generally symmetrical, unicolored for the exposed part, lateral corners round, anterior margin fully with setae; styli yellow, very small ( Fig. 19 B ). Genitalia: well sclerited. Left phallomere: L1 very short, anterior part reduced, left with a very small process, two hind lobes robust; L2 curved roundly, right end with two short processes; L3 strongly curved, apex mildly sharped; pda well developed, paa strongly protruded. Right phallomere: small. R1M short; R1L thoroughly sclerited, thick; R2 small, divides into two round chunks, the chunks generally equal sized ( Fig. 19 C–D).

Female. Measurements (mm): body length: 24.3–27.9, body width: 18.4–20.5. Unicolored, pubescent, dark brown both in dorsal and ventral view, spines on the legs dark brown. Supra-anal plate transverse type, hind margin nearly straight, median distinctly emarginated, and divided by a longitudinal line. Subgenital plate with median protruded, bulged ( Fig. 5 I–J).

Nymph. Coloration varies from yellowish brown to dark brown, some individuals with abdomen orange, but the rest parts brown.

Ootheca. As Fig. 38 C–D and M, reddish brown, serration of keel large, curved. Respiratory canals well developed. The longitudinal ridges distinct.

Variation. Male of the species varied in the following characters: 1) body size, according to the material we examined, we found the Suining and Dujiangyan populations with shorter tegmina and body size ( Fig. 5 E–F, H), while the Simianshan population more possible to with larger body and longer tegmina ( Fig. 5 G ); 2) the hyaline macula on tegmina ranging from small spots to extremely large spots ( Fig. 5 E, H ); 3) usually the black maculae on wings distribute on the margin of M and CuA, but some extreme individuals with the maculae expand to the median of CuA area; 4) usually individuals may have dark brown pronotum and tegmina, while some individuals may have light colored pronotum and tegmina (generally light yellowish rather than brown).

Natural History. This species can be found inside the dry loose earth around old houses ( Figs. 40 G–J; 41 D–E), or in the broad-leaved forest ( Fig. 40 A ); in the forest, they would like to live together in the tree holes, the humus in the holes is a little wet, but is loose enough for them to creep ( Fig. 40 B–D). In Mt. Simianshan, E. hanae were found in a cliff hole, which is difficult to be wetted by the rain, the earth in the hole is wet but loose for E. hanae ( Fig. 41 A–C); plenty individuals of E. hanae were also found under the woodpiles next to a farm house at Mt. Simianshan, the earth under the woodpiles is slightly wet and loose, which is mixed with bits of wood ( Fig. 41 E ); the house-owner said these roaches were not originally live under her woodpiles, they were brought by the owner from the cliff at the hillside. Mt. Simianshan is wet, but the environment under the cliff is dry, the roaches were found inside the sand; the local people call Eupolyphaga roaches as “turtle bugs”, they catch them and put them in the spirit for medicine use, the house-owner also put E. hanae under her woodpiles to breed them for medicine use.

Etymology. This species is named after Ms. Jing-Fei Han, who helped the first author collect the type specimens from Dujiangyan.

Distribution. China (Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou) ( Fig. 2 ).

Remarks. A species distributes around Chongqing, Sichuan and Guizhou. This new species was firstly noticed by the first author in Dujiangyan since 2012, but only a photo left ( Fig. 40 C ). Later from 2015 to 2016, the first author successfully obtained this species from Dujiangyan again ( Fig. 40 D–F), and discovered two other populations from Suining, Sichuan and Mt. Simianshan, Chongqing. All the male adults were reared from the nymphs and oothecae were obtained from the females ( Figs. 40 E–F, K; 41 F–H). One specimen from GZU was captured from Xishui, where near the border between Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou ( Fig. 2 ). Before the present paper is published, a pair of this new species were captured from Mt. Jinyunshan, Chongqing. The two individuals as well as several nymphs were found inside the humus under a stone table in the forest and a nearby small hole under a cliff.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Eupolyphaga species in China (except the species only found in Yunnan. Larger circles indicate the type localities).

FIGURE 5. Habitus of Eupolyphaga species: A–B. Eupolyphaga hupingensis sp. nov., male, holotype, from Shimen, Hunan. C–D. Eupolyphaga shennongensis sp. nov., male, holotype, from Shengnongjia, Hubei. E–J. Eupolyphaga hanae sp. nov.: E–F. Male, holotype, from Dujiangyan, Sichuan; G. Male, paratype, from Mt. Simianshan, Chongqing; H. Male, paratype, from Suining, Sichuan; I–J. Female, paratype, from Dujiangyan, Sichuan. Scale bar 1 cm for all.

FIGURE 19. Eupolyphaga hanae sp. nov., male: A. Supra-anal plate, ventral; B. Subgenital plate, ventral; C. Genitalia, dorsal; D. Right phallomere, right-ventral. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 20. Eupolyphaga hupingensis sp. nov., male: A. Supra-anal plate, ventral; B. Subgenital plate, ventral; C. Genitalia, dorsal; D. Right phallomere, right-ventral. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 38. Oothecae of Eupolyphaga, lateral view (A–K) and close-up view (L–S): A–B, L. E. sinensis; C–D, M. E. hanae; E–F, N. E. daweishana; G, O. E. wooi; H, P. E. sp. 4 from Jizushan Town, Binchuan, Yunnan; I, Q. E. pilosa; J, R. E. yunnanensis; K, S. E. nigrinotum. Scale bars: A–K = 2 mm; L–S = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 40. Habitats and living individuals of Eupolyphaga hanae sp. nov. from Sichuan: A–D. Habitat in Puzhao Temple, Dujiangyan: A. The forest where found E. hanae; B. The tree root which found E. hanae; C. Individuals found in tree hole; D. Individual found around the tree root. E. Two nymphs of E. hanae from Dujiangyan under lab condition. F. Newly emerged male (the holotype). G–J. Habitat from Suining: G–I: The house where found E. hanae; J. Newly collected individuals by Mr. Lei Wang. K. Female individuals with oothecae from Suining under lab condition. (G–J by Mr. Lei Wang; the rest by Lu Qiu)

FIGURES 41. Habitats and living individuals of Eupolyphaga hanae sp. nov. from Mt. Simianshan, Chongqing: A–C. Individuals collected under a cliff. D–E. Individuals collected near the houses. F. Newly moulted nymph under lab condition. G. Female with a ootheca under lab condition. H. Males reared from the nymphs under lab condition. (A–C by Mr. Fang-Ling Qiu; the rest by Lu Qiu)