Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906

Chen, Hua-Yan, Hong, Chun-Dan, van Achterberg, Cornelis & Pang, Hong, 2020, New species and new records of Trigonalyidae (Hymenoptera) from Tibet, China, ZooKeys 918, pp. 83-98 : 83

Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906 Figs 23-25 , 26-33

Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906: 212; Weinstein and Austin 1991: 416; Tsuneki 1991: 59; Carmean and Kimsey 1998: 65; Chen et al. 2014: 95-193 (synonymy, references, diagnosis, key to Chinese species). Type species: Trigonalys maculata Smith, 1851, by monotypy.

Diagnosis.

Antenna with 21-26 segments, without pale band and slender medially; male antenna with linear tyloids (= elevated elongate areas) on 11th-16th antennal segments; supra-antennal elevations smooth or punctate, without depression dorsally, remain far separated from each other medially and without horizontal “shelf” between antennal bases; temple usually punctate or reticulate-punctate and moderately shiny; occipital carina ending at hypostomal carina at level of mandibular base; vertex flattened, without median depression dorsally; apical segment of labial palp widened and obtuse, more or less triangular; mandibles wide in anterior view and sublaterally attached to head; mesoscutum and scutellum distinctly punctate or rugose; metanotum at least partly convex latero-dorsally and often sculptured; vein 1-SR of fore wing medium-sized to long; fore wing often with subapical dark patch or large part of fore wing dark brown; triangular dorso-apical part of hind trochanter separated by an oblique groove; fore trochanter subparallel-sided and distinctly longer than hind trochanter; hind tarsus slightly or not modified; propodeal foramen more or less arched dorsally and often with a lamelliform carina; second sternite convex in lateral view (but less so in males), strongly sclerotized and frequently densely punctate, sometimes with a medio-posterior elevation but without pair of small teeth; basal half of third sternite flat, without a distinct ledge anteriorly; hypopygium of female pointing anteriorly toward second sternite or straight down or pointing posteriad ( Chen et al. 2014).

Biology.

Reared as hyperparasitoid of parasitoid wasps ( Ichneumonidae and Braconidae ) and parasitoid flies ( Tachinidae ) in caterpillars, but some species are primary parasitoids of pergid sawflies in Australia ( Raff 1934; Carne 1969; He and Chen 1986; Weinstein and Austin 1995; Carmean and Kimsey 1998). Collected mainly in April-October, rarely in November or January.

Distribution.

This genus occurs in all major regions, but is unknown from Europe and western Nearctic region. Most of the species occur in the East Palaearctic, Northeast Oriental, and Neotropical regions ( Carmean and Kimsey 1998). Chen et al. (2014) reported two species ( Taeniogonalos formosana (Bischoff 1913) and T. taihorina ( Bischoff 1914)) from Tibet. Here we describe a third species new to science and report a fourth species from this region.

Figures

Figures 23 - 25. Taeniogonalos eurysoma Chen & van Achterberg, sp. nov., holotype, female (SCAU 3040488). 23 Habitus, lateral aspect 24 head, anterior aspect 25 head, dorsal aspect.

Figures 26 - 33. Taeniogonalos eurysoma Chen & van Achterberg, sp. nov., holotype, female (SCAU 3040488). 26 Antenna 27 wings 28 head, lateral aspect 29 mesosoma, dorsal aspect 30 mesosoma, lateral aspect 31 metasoma, dorsal aspect 32 metasoma, lateral aspect 33 metasoma, ventral aspect.