Myotis annectans (Dobson, 1871)

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 716-981 : 961

449.

Hairy-faced Myotis

Myotis annectans

French: Murin velu / German: Mittlere Bartfledermaus / Spanish: Ratonero peludo

Other common names: Hairy-faced Bat, Intermediate Bat

Taxonomy. Pipistrellus annectans Dobson, 1871 ,

“Naga Hills, Assam,” north-eastern India.

Subgenus Myotis ; montivagus species group (9 species). Myotis annectans was initially classified under genera Pipistrellus and Vesperugo and subgenus Megapipistrellus (now synonym of Myotis ). G. Topal in 1970 compared original type specimens with new specimens collected at the type locality and found that the holotype was an abnormal specimen of Myotis lacking P® and P, and clarified usage of species name, annectans . M. Ruedi and colleagues in 2013 and 2015 found that M. annectans was one of four “floating” species in a monotypic lineage with unsettled phylogenetic position in this Eurasian assemblage. This lineage was positioned near a clade including yanbarensis , secundus , pruinosus , and montivaguscomplex and a clade including cf. muricola , cf. ateri, and annatessae . Other recent studies have found various associations of M. annectans to M. gomantongensis , M. pruinosus , M. yanbarensis , M. secundus , cf. montivagus , M. indochinensis , and M. ater . More research is needed to determine relationships of M. annectans in the Myotis radiation. Monotypic.

Distribution. NE India (West Bengal and Nagaland), S China (Yunnan), N Thailand, Laos, SW Cambodia (Cardamom Mts), and Vietnam (Ha Tinh, Vin Phuc, Nghe An, Thua Thien-Hue, Dak Lak, and Lam Dong provinces).

Descriptive notes. Head—-body 58-63 mm, tail 41-50 mm, ear 11-4-15- 7 mm, hindfoot 8:7-9- 6 mm, forearm 43-49 mm; weight 4-6- 5 g. Pelage very soft and dense, face moderately long and hairy. Dorsum is medium to dark brown, with hairs having dark brown bases and shiny paler tips, appearing frosted. Ventral hairs have dark brown bases and silvery whitetips, except on middle of belly where tips are orange-brown, producing striking medial patch. Ears are moderately large, with rounded tips; tragus is ¢.7-6-8- 6 mm long and narrow, with rounded tip and small basal lobe. Face is densely covered with hair, except nostrils and areas around lips and eyes. Membranes are dark brown to blackish and essentially naked. Wing membrane attaches on side of footjust above base of toe. Foot is ¢.50% the tibia length. There is no postcalcarial lobe; extremetip oftail is free. Baculum of the single specimen from Lam Dong Province, Vietnam, was small and proportionally wide (0-64 mm long and 0-44 mm maximum width); it was saddle-shaped, with distinct “wings,” and basal one-third was thickest; it had no basal notch, wide and blunt anterior tip, and thick edges of wings. Skull is robust, with broad rostrum, equal in width to braincase. Shallow depression occurs between rostrum and braincase. Sagittal and lambdoid crests are weakly developed. Supraoccipital forms most of posterior part of skull. When viewed from behind, braincase appears flattened, with rectangular outline. Anteorbital bridge is narrow (0-47- 0-67 mm). When present, P° and P, are very small and displaced from tooth row. C! is short and broad, with well-defined cingulum. P? is absent or minute and completely intruded from tooth row; it is ¢.25% the crown area of P%. P* and P* are in contact or nearly so. C,is short. P, is minute, about one-eighth the crown area of P, and is displaced internally in tooth row or occasionally absent. P, and P, are in contact or nearly so. Condylo-canine lengths are 14-9-15- 7 mm; maxillary tooth row lengths are 6:6- 6-9 mm. Dental formula is 12/3, C1/1, P 2-3/2-3, M 3/3 (x2) = 34-38. Middle premolars greatly reduced or missing. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 46 and FN = 54 (male from Thailand), differing from common diploid number of 2n = 44 for Myotis by having one additional small acrocentric pair that is suspected to be entirely heterochromatic.

Habitat. Montane forests and valleys, including wet evergreen and hill forests (Southeast Asia), second growth forest along a riverbank and wet pristine mixed forest (broadleaf and coniferous) with many seasonal and permanent streams ( Vietnam) at elevations of 600-1250 m.

Food and Feeding. No information.

Breeding. No information.

Activity patterns. The Hairy-faced Myotis is nocturnal and seems to be an aerial hawker, with powerful flight similar to that of medium-sized serotines. In Dak Lak Province, Vietnam,it was captured over a forest trail at ¢. 1100 m. In Cambodia, it had steeply FM calls, without any CF component; calls (durations 2:1-2-8 milliseconds) started at c.80 kHz and swept down to 30 kHz.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Hairyfaced Myotis is widespread, presumably has a large population, and is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for a more threatened category.

Bibliography. Amador et al. (2018), Bates & Harrison (1997), Bates, Francis, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008), Bates, Nwe Tin et al. (2005), Bianchi (1917), Bickham et al. (1986), Corbet & Hill (1992), Dang Ngoc Can et al. (2008), Dobson (1871b, 1879), Ellerman & Morrison-Scott (1951), Francis (2008a), Francis, Borisenko etal. (2010), Francis, Guillén-Servent & Robinson (1999), Goérfol et al. (2013), Hendrichsen, Bates & Hayes (2001), Hill & Thonglongya (1972), Hill & Topal (1973), Kingsada et al. (2011), Koopman (1994), Kruskop (2013a, 2013b), Kruskop & Borisenko (2013), Lekagul & McNeely (1988), Lunde (2003), Molur et al. (2002), Nguyen Truong Son et al. (2013), Phauk et al. (2013), Ruedi, Csorba et al. (2015), Ruedi, Stadelmann et al. (2013), Simmons (2005), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu (2012), Tate (1942b), Thomas, N.M. et al. (2013), Thomas, O. (1920b), Topél (1970b), Volleth & Heller (2012), Wang Xiaoyun et al. (2017), Zhang Zhenzhen et al. (2009).

Figures

449. Hairy-faced Myotis (Myotis annectans), 450. Frosted Myotis (Myotis pruinosus), 451. Yanbaru Whiskered Myotis (Myotis yanbarensis), 452. Long-toed Myotis (Myotis secundus), 453. Bornean Whiskered Myotis (Myotis borneoensis), 454. Malaysian Whiskered Myotis (Myotis federatus), 455. Indochinese Myotis (Myotis indochinensis), 456. Peyton’s Myotis (Myotis peytoni), 457. Burmese Whiskered Myotis (Myotis montivagus), 458. Long-fingered Myotis (Myotis capaccinii), 459. Chinese Water Myotis (Myotis laniger), 460. Csorba’s Myotis (Myotis csorbai), 461. Kashmir Cave Myotis (Myotis longipes), 462. Annamit Myotis (Myotis annamiticus), 463. Phan Luong’s Myotis (Myotis phanluongi), 464. Himalayan Whiskered Myotis (Myotis siligorensis), 465. Chestnut Myotis (Myotis badius), 466. Ridley’s Myotis (Myotis ridleyi), 467. Thick-thumbed Myotis (Myotis rosseti), 468. Horsfield’s Myotis (Myotis horsfieldii), 469. Pallid Large-footed Myotis (Myotis macrotarsus), 470. Stalker’s Myotis (Myotis stalkeri), 471. Gray Large-footed Myotis (Myotis adversus), 472. Maluku Myotis (Myotis moluccarum), 473. Southern Myotis (Myotis macropus), 474. Lesser Large-footed Myotis (Myotis hasseltii)

Distribution. NE India (West Bengal and Nagaland), S China (Yunnan), N Thailand , Laos , SW Cambodia (Cardamom Mts), and Vietnam (Ha Tinh, Vin Phuc, Nghe An, Thua Thien-Hue, Dak Lak, and Lam Dong provinces).