Calythea comis ( Stein, 1911 )

Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira & Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de, 2022, Taxonomy of the Neotropical species of Calythea (Anthomyiidae: Diptera), with description of two new species from South America, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20210102) 66 (1), pp. 1-11 : 8-9

Calythea comis ( Stein, 1911)

( Figs. 3 a-c, 4i-l, 5d-f, 6)

Diagnosis. Calythea comis can be separated from the other Neotropical species of the genus in the frons with fronto-orbital plates separated by frontal vitta ( Fig. 3a ); distance between presutural acrostichal rows, even anteriorly in the first pair, shorter than their distance to dorsocentral rows; and pattern of pruinosity, which extends forward covering the region of dorsocentral setae, forming an inconspicuous stripe ( Fig.3b ).

Redescription. Male. Body length: 4.5-5.0 mm. Wing length: 4.0- 4.5 mm.

Thorax black with silvery pruinose on postpronotal lobe and notopleuron; pronotum pruinose basally running parallel to the notopleural suture, extending to transverse suture with forward projection, reaching the anterior dorsocentral presutural seta ( Fig. 3b ). Calypters white with the edge yellow. Halter basally brownish and yellow apically. Legs black with pulvillus yellowish. Abdomen black with silvery pruinosity on tergites 2-5, forming two dorsal almost triangular spots, segments 3 and 4 with laterally and superiorly prolonged spots.

Head. Eyes bare. Frontal vitta narrow, distance between eyes subequal to width to anterior ocellus ( Fig. 3a ). 6-7 pairs of frontal setae. Face not projecting beyond frontal angle. Gena shorter than length of pedicel. Parafacialia relatively broad, with about 1/3 of postpedicel width. Postpedicel twice longer than pedicel. Pedicel with long dorsal setae, shorter than pedicel.

Thorax. 2 postpronotals; dorsocentrals 2+3; acrostichals 4+8 setulaelike, with only the prescutellar developed; prealar absent. Anepisternum with a row of 5 posterior setae and an upward anterior seta below anterior notopleural seta. Scutellum with a pair of basal, preapical and apical setae; the apical seta almost twice longer than the basal one. Meron with a tuft of 4-5 setulae, located posteriorly below spiracle. Katepimeron with 4-5 setulae.

Legs. Fore tibia with 1 submedian p seta; 1 preapical d seta, and 1 apical pv; fore pretarsus with 1 basal v seta. Mid femur with 4 v setae at base; and 2 p preapical setae; midtibia with 1 median pv seta, 1 submedian p seta; preapical seta on av, d, pv, and v. Hind femur with 2 av rows, 1 long and stout and 1 long fine; 2 ad, 2d, and 1pd preapicals; 1 pv row of long and sparse setae; hind tibia with a submedian av, 1 supramedian and 1 submedian ad, and a long submedian pd seta three times longer than tibia width; preapical seta on av and d; hind pretarsus with 1 basal v seta.

Abdomen. With many covered setulae; sternite 1 setulose, setulae twice longer than sternite length; tergite 3-5 with long median and lateral marginal seta, terminal segment with apical and discal setae; sternite 5 rectangular with a serrated edge on posterior incision ( Fig.4i ).

Terminalia. Cerci triangular in posterior view ( Fig. 4j ); surstyli in posterior view long and straight, with proximal rounded incision ( Fig. 4j ), and in lateral view, slightly curved and slightly enlarged apically ( Fig. 4k ); Hypopygium in lateral view with phalapodema long and slightly curved, pregonite with two long setae, postgonite with a median long seta and two apical setulae, epiphallus as long as postgonite, distiphallus very large and rounded ( Fig. 4l ).

Female. Similar to male, except:Thorax with 3 conspicuous dorsal stripes, width of central stripe not exceeding the line of acrostichal setae; and 2 inconspicuous thin stripes close to central stripe, with about 1/5 the width of central stripe ( Fig. 3c ). Scutellum fully pruinose, except basally on lateral region.Anepisternum with a row of 3 posterior setae. Meron with a tuft of 3-5 setulae, located posteriorly below spiracle. Katepimeron with 3 setulae. Terminalia with cerci dilated distally, with long setae; epiproct subtriangular, as long as its wide; hypoproct subconical, 1.3 times longer than its wide; sternite 6 and 7 trapezoid; tergite 6 and 7 T-shaped dorsally; sternite 8 shorter than tergite 8 ( Figs. 5 d-f).

Material examined. Brazil: Paraná, Antonina, Reserva Sapitanduva [-25.439498, -48.746125], Lâmpada [light trap], Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, 02.xi.1986, 1♀ ( DZUP 099272 ) ; Castro [-24.7978, -49.9976], S. Loroca, ix.1961, 3♂♂ ( DZUP 099245–47 ) ; Curitiba [-25.4332, -49.2667], P.D.Hurd, xi.1959, 2♀♀ ( DZUP 099270–71 ) ; same label information, except: 900m, Dept. Zoologia, 14.i.1986, 1♀ ( DZUP 099278 ) ; Palmas [Palmas Grasslands Wildlife Refuge], 1115m, grasslands, -26.5025, -51.6755, A. C. Pereira, 9.xii.2013, 1♂ ( DZUP) ; same label information except: 29.x.2014, 2♀♀ ( DZUP) ; 28.iv.2014, 1♀ ( DZUP) ; 16.i.2014, 1♂ ( DZUP) ; 20.x.2014, 1♂ and 1♀ ( DZUP) ; 29.x.2014, 1♀ ( DZUP) ; inside forest, -26.5022, -51.6738, 12.vii.2014, 1♂ ( DZUP) ; regeneration area, -26.5572, -51.5422, 03.xii.2013, 1♀ ( DZUP) ; 21.ix.2012, 1♂ ( DZUP) ; Tijucas do Sul, Morro do Araçatuba , -25.8997, -49.0096, 1200 m, P.C. Grossi, 01.xi.2010, 2♂♂ and 22 ♀♀ ( DZUP) ; Rio Grande do Sul, Arroio Grande, Distrito Mauá [-32.233483, -53.086682], Malaise trap, R. F. Krüger, 22.xi.2002, 2♀♀ ( DZUP 099253 ; 099256) ; same label information, except: P. B. Ribeiro, 6♀♀ ( DZUP 099259–64 ) ; 15.xi.2002, 2♀♀ ( DZUP 099254–55 ) ; 07.ii.2003, 1♀ ( DZUP 099257 ) ; 31.i.2003, 1♀ ( DZUP 099258 ) ; Santa Catarina, Itajaí , EMPASC [-26.9534, -48.7358], C. Paloschi, ix.1988, 1♂ ( DZUP 099244 ) ; same label information except: xi.1989, 4♀♀ ( DZUP 099265–68 ) . Chile: Bío-Bío, Lag. Laja [-37.4042, -71.3415], Luis Peñas, 13.ii.1957, 1♂ ( WSU) ; Los Lagos, Maullín, Llanquihue [-41.2675, -73.0240], Luis Peñas, 16–21. ii.1957, 2♂♂ ( WSU) ; Valparaíso, Laguna Verde [-33.1054, -71.6676], L. E. Peña, x.1969, 15♂♂ and 6♀♀ ( MZUSP) .

Distribution. Argentina (Río-Negro), Brazil (Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul *, Santa Catarina), Chile (Bío-Bío *, Los Lagos, Valparaíso *) and Peru (Tacna) ( Malloch, 1934; Albuquerque, 1953; Pont and Ackland, 2009; Gomes et al., 2019) ( Fig. 6 ). *= new records.

Remarks. The type-locality indicated as Tacna, Chile ( Stein 1911; Pont and Ackland 2009) is a region that currently belongs to Peru. Some specimens from Chile have the body covered by pollen. There are some male specimens from Argentina, Brazil and Chile with 1-4 setulae on meron, which probably belong to this species (V.Michelsen, pers. comm.).

Figures

Figure 3 Calythea comis. Male: head, frontal view (A); habitus, dorsal view (B); Female: habitus, dorsal view (C). Calythea crenata.Male: head, frontal view (D); habitus, dorsal view (E); Female: habitus, dorsal view (F).Calythea micropteryx. Male: head, frontal view (G); habitus, dorsal view (H); Female: habitus, dorsal view (I). Bar= 0.5 mm.

Figure 4 Calythea male terminalia: C. andina new species: sternite 5, dorsal view (A); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (B) and lateral (C) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (D). Calythea cochlearis new species: sternite 5, dorsal view (E); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (F) and lateral (G) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (H). Calythea comis: sternite 5, dorsal view (I); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (J) and lateral (K) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (L).Calythea crenata: sternite 5, dorsal view (M); epandrium,cerci and surstyli dorsal (N) and lateral (O) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (P).Calythea micropteryx: sternite 5, dorsal view (Q); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (R) and lateral (S) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (T).

Figure 5 Ovipositor Calythea. C. cochlearis new species: lateral view (A), dorsal view (B) and ventral view (C); C. comis: lateral view (D), dorsal view (E) and ventral view (F); C. crenata: lateral view (G), dorsal view (H) and ventral view (I); C. micropteryx: lateral view (J), dorsal view (K) and ventral view (L).

Figure 6 Map of Calythea species from Neotropical region. Circles= literature records; triangle= new records.