Jujiroa inexpectata Tian & Wang, 2020

Fang, Jie, Li, Wenbo, Wang, Xinhui & Tian, Mingyi, 2020, New cavernicolous ground beetles from Anhui Province, China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini), ZooKeys 923, pp. 33-50 : 33

Jujiroa inexpectata Tian & Wang sp. nov. Figs 5C , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10

Material.

Holotype: male, cave Shenxian Dong, Qiaoshan, Xinming, Huangshan, Anhui, 30°23'9.55"N, 118°14'7.66"E, 366 m in altitude, 2018-XII-24, leg. Jingli Cheng, in SCAU; Paratypes: 3 males and 2 females, idem, in SCAU; 2 males, same cave, 2019-IV-12, leg. Ye Liu and Wenbo Li, in National Museum of Zoology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (IOZ).

Diagnosis.

A medium-sized Jujiroa species, body de-pigmented, microphthalmic, pronotum widely reflexed along lateral margins, with strongly protruding fore angles and acute hind angles, elytra with three dorsal setiferous pores on the 3rd intervals and mucronate at apices.

Description.

Length: 12.5-15.0 mm; width: 4.0-5.0 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 7 .

Body concolorous, light reddish brown, smooth and glabrous (though sparsely punctate on the reflexed lateral margins of pronotum), strongly shiny. Microsculpture made of nearly isodiametric meshes on front of head, while striate on pronotum and moderately transverse on elytra.

Head ovate (Figs 7 , 8 ), much longer than wide, HLm/HW = 1.8-2.0, HLl/HW = 1.4-1.5; widest at middle of head from base to labrum; genae convex, expanded at sides, frontal furrows short and foveate; two pairs of supra-orbital pores present and nearly on parallel lines; eyes very small, slight convex; clypeus bisetose, labrum emarginate at front; mandibles elongate, teeth evidently reduced; labial suture complete; mentum with two setae on each side just in front of basal pit which was not well-defined; median tooth short, sharply bifid at tip; submentum with two setae on each side, inner ones longer than the outer; ligula short, widened and bisetose at apex; palpomeres slender, the 2nd labial palpomere 1.3 times as long as 3rd, the 3rd maxillary palpomere slightly shorter than 4th; suborbital setae absent; antennae filiform, extending to about apical 1/4 of elytra, the 1st to 3rd antennomeres glabrous, the 2nd shortest, relative length of each antennomere as: the 1st (2.61), 2nd (1.00), 3rd (2.12), 4th (1.90), 5th (2.00), 6th (1.82), 7th (1.83), 8th (1.61), 9th (1.66), 10th (1.34) and 11th (1.48).

Pronotum transverse, PW/PL = 1.20-1.25; slightly shorter than head excluding mandibles; widest at about 1/3 from front, lateral margins including fore and hind angles widely reflexed throughout, distinctly sinuate before hind angles, only basal lateromarginal setae present at hind angles; fore angles extraordinarily protruding, nearly triangular and bluntly sharpened; hind angles nearly rectangular and pointed; whole margins including base and front without borders, base slightly wider than front including fore angles; both base and front truncate. Scutellum small, inverted triangular.

Elytra elongate, much longer than wide, EL/EW = 1.61-1.83; longer than fore body including mandibles, much wider than pronotum; base well-bordered, shoulders nearly rectangular though rounded; widest at about apical 4/7 of elytra, apex protruding backwardly, mucronate, each elytron with an acute spine, both inner angles evidently divergent; disc slightly convex though largely depressed, striae entire, moderately impressed and punctate; scutellar striole short; basal pores present; interval 3 with three dorsal setiferous pores, at about 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of elytra from base, respectively, the anterior close to the 3rd stria, the other two close to the 2nd stria; preapical pore present, at about apical 1/7 of elytra, closer to elytral margin than to suture; two apical pores present; 18 marginal umbilicate pores present throughout.

Ventral surface smooth and glabrous. Legs slender and elongate, procoxa asetose, mesocoxa unisetose, metacoxa bisetose, without inner seta; pro-, and mesotrochanters unisetose, metatrochanters asetose; metafemur bisetose posteriorly in male, trisetose in female; tibiae and tarsi smooth, without longitudinal sulci or striae externally; the 4th tarsomere bilobed in fore and middle legs, whereas deeply emarginated in hind ones. Each abdominal ventrite IV-VI bisetose, ventrite VII bisetose in male, but quadrisetose in female.

Male genitalia (Fig. 9 ): Similar in Jujiroa satoi Uéno, 2007, but slenderer and more elongate, with smaller sagittal aileron, wider basal opening and broader parameres. Median lobe thin and narrow, slightly arcuate in middle portion, then gently curved towards apex with a long and blunt apical lobe. In lateral view, apical lobe thin, much longer than wide.

Female reproductive tract (Fig. 10 ): Abdominal ventrite X sparsely setose; gonocoxites 1 and 2 similar in other Jujiroa species, the former bearing eight fringe setae along apical margin, the latter triangular, slightly curved outwardly, blunt at apex, without lateral or dorsal ensiform setae, but with a tiny seta on outer margin and subapical setose organ; bursa copulatrix wide, simply saccate, with middle part evidently folded, narrowed at base; oviduct situated in middle position, both spermathecal gland and spermatheca twisted, connected each other by a short spermathecal gland duct, spermathecal duct fairly long.

Remarks.

The genus Jujiroa Uéno, 1952 is known from Japan ( Habu 1978, 1981; Takakura 1987; Sasakawa 2006), Vietnam, and from Taiwan Province and mainland China ( Jedlička 1961; Casale 1988; Uéno and Saito 1991; Vigna Taglianti 1995, Uéno and Kishimoto 2001; Deuve 2004; Uéno 2007b; Deuve and Pütz 2013). All of the five presently known species from mainland China are cave-adapted beetles: J. rufescens ( Jedlička, 1961) from Jiangxi; J. iolandae Vigna Taglianti, 1995, J. satoi Uéno, 2007, J. deliciola Uéno & Kishimoto, 2001 and J. lingguanensis Deuve et Pütz, 2013 from Sichuan; and J. clarkei Deuve, 2004 from Guangxi. These species are usually very rare as all are monotypic species (except J. satoi , which was described based on three type specimens) and are known only by the type material. Therefore, we were quite surprised when we collected several individuals together in the cave during a two-hour survey.

Regarding the hypogean Jujiroa species from mainland China, this new species is easily separated from J. clarkei by the presence of a spinous elytral apex (apical margin of elytra is rounded in J. clarkei ), from J. lingguanensis by its broader body and sharpened hind angles of pronotum, and from the other three species by its smooth tarsomeres which are without longitudinal sulci.

However, J. inexpectata sp. nov. is closely similar to J. iolandae Vigna Taglianti, 1995, which occurs in Huaying, Sichuan, but it differs by fore angles of pronotum which is more protruding than in J. iolandae , by its elytron which is presence of three dorsal setiferous pores, versus anterior pores absent in J. iolandae , and by its tarsi which are smooth, whereas longitudinally striated in J. iolandae .

Etymology.

To indicate that it was a surprise to find this interesting species.

Distribution.

China (Anhui). Known only from the cave Shenxian Dong in Huangshan Shi.

Figures

Figure 5. Cave Shenxian Dong, the type locality of three new species A entrance B a running individual of Wanoblemus huangshanicus, sp. nov. C a running individual of Jujiroa inexpectata, sp. nov.

Figure 7. Habitus of Jujiroa inexpectata, sp. nov., male, holotype.

Figure 8. Ventral head of Jujiroa inexpectata, sp. nov., male, paratype.

Figure 9. Male genitalia of Jujiroa inexpectata, sp. nov., male, holotype.

Figure 10. Female reproductive tract of Jujiroa inexpectata sp. nov., bc., bursa copulatrix; co., common oviduct; sd., spermathecal duct; sg., spermathecal gland; sp., spermatheca.