Phyllonorycter caraganella (Ermolaev, 1986)

Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Akulov, Evgeniy, Ponomarenko, Margarita, Gorokhova, Svetlana, Sheiko, Viktor, Ohshima, Issei & Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, 2019, Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding, Zootaxa 4652 (1), pp. 1-55 : 20

Phyllonorycter caraganella (Ermolaev, 1986)

( Figs 4A , 11 E–F)

Material examined. Russia: PK, Glukhovka , 43.74N, 132.13E, 68 m alt., Caragana fruticosa , 27.VII.2016, 1 larva, NK525 ; Rakovka , forest, along the road, 43.80N, 132.19E, 140 m alt., C. fruticosa , 27.VII.2016, 1 larva, NK522 , MK 403694 , deposited in INRA; same location, host and date, 3 males (reared from leaf mine) , NK-184-16 - 9 A / [2Pc-2016-male] ( Fig. 4A ), deposited in MSNV, K-184-16-12A / [3Pc-2016-male], NK-184-16 - 13 A / [4Pc-2016- male], deposited in SIF.

Leaf mine. The mine is an elongated blotch with a relatively long epidermal tunnel ( Fig. 11E ) that may not be visible when mine is spread on the surface; on the lower side of the leaflet at any location. In the late stage, the mine may cover the whole leaflet, gets significantly contracted, with 4–5 folds on the epidermis covering the mine ( Fig. 11F ). From the upper side, the damaged leaf has mottled appearance due to partially eaten out parenchyma layers; later becomes brownish. Frass in scattered grains, some are accumulated in the middle part of the mine. Pupation in the mine.

Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Caragana fruticosa (Fabaceae) ( Ermolaev 1986b).

Distribution. Russia: RFE—PK ( Baryshnikova 2008, 2016).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Forewing pattern of Phyllonorycter spp. from the Russian Far East. (A) Ph. caraganella, host plant Caragana fruticosa, NK- 184-16-9A; (B) Ph. cavella, Betula dahurica, 111.1; (C) Ph. cretata, Quercus mongolica, NK-85-17-4; (D) Ph. issikii, T. mandshurica, NK596; (E) Ph. japonica, Corylus mandshurica, 36.2; (F) Ph. jozanae, Crataegus sp., 44.1; (G) Ph. kisoensis, Alnus hirsuta, 45.1; (H) Ph. pastorella, Salix sp., 49.1; (I) Ph. reduncata, Lonicera maackii, 55.3; (K) Ph. ringoniella, Malus mandshurica, NK-179-16-1A; (L) Ph. similis, Quercus dentata, 42.1; (M) Ph. ulmifoliella, 37.1. Sampling locations: (A) PK, Rakovka, 27.VII.2016; (B, D–M) ibidem, Gornotaezhnoe, 16.VII.2013 (D), 22-25.VII.2016 (B, E–M); (C) SO, Sakhalin Isl., Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 12.VII.2017. Scale bars 1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Mines and leaf shelters of Gracillaria, Callisto, Parornix and Phyllonorycter spp. from the Russian Far East. (A) Gracillaria sp., host plant Syringa amurensis; (B–C) Callisto sp. on Malus sp.; (D) Parornix ermolaevi, Corylus sieboldiana; (E–F) Ph. caraganella, Caragana fruticosa; (G–H) Ph. cavella, Betula platyphylla, (H) “green island” and the mine. Indications: (m) mine; (b) blotch part of the mine; (t) epidermal tunnel; (e) exit hole; (f–f 2) folded leaf margin or leaf tip (the indexes 1 and 2 indicate the order of construction appearance); (g.i.) green island region. Close up: (B, E–G) mine. Sampling locations: (A–D, G–H) PK, Gornotaezhnoe, MTS and forest, 22–27.VII.2016; (E–F) ibidem, Glukhovka, forest, 27.VII.2016.