Sinaphaenops, UENO AND WANG, WITH, 1991

Chen, Mengzhen, Huang, Sunbin & Tian, Mingyi, 2020, A New Species of the Aphaenopsian Genus Sinaphaenops Uéno and Wang, with Notes on Male Genitalia of S. Orthogenys Uéno (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini), The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (2), pp. 343-350 : 345-347

Sinaphaenops (s. str.) lipoi Chen, Huang and Tian, new species

Zoobank.org/rn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2C4948F5-63AA-4395-BB82-8AE5143A1ACA ( Figs. 1–6 )

Material. Holotype male ( SCAU), “ Da Dong Cave , Lizi Cun , Shuitian Zhen , Wudang Qu, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China 26°42 ′ 51 ′′ N / 106°49 ′ 18 ′′ E, 1120 m, 24-VIII-2018, leg. Jingli Cheng and Mingyi Tian”; paratypes: three males, five females ( SCAU), same data as holotype.

Description. Length: 7.36–7.52 mm from apex of right mandible to elytral apex, 6.75–6.80 mm from labrum to apex of elytra; width: 1.83–1.85 mm. Forebody (including mandibles) longer than elytra, (HLm+PrL)/EL = 1.03–1.10. Yellowish brown, with paler tarsi and palps; body moderately shiny, impunctate and glabrous; microsculpture meshes transversely striate on vertex of head and pronotum, moderately transverse on clypeus and frons of head and elytra.

Head elongate, subtriangular, much longer than wide (HLm/HW = 2.90–3.03, HLl/HW = 2.22–2.47), widest at about 3/7 from base (including mandibles); neck constriction wide, about 0.45–0.48 times as wide as head; frons depressed, frontal furrows well-marked, not parallel-sided, strongly divergent posteriorly; clypeus transverse, with 4 setae; labrum transverse, with 6 setae; 2 pairs of frontal setiferous pores present, posterior pair more narrowly spaced than anterior pair, at about the level between neck constriction and anterior frontal pores; labial suture clearly visible, submentum 8- to 10-setose; mentum with 2 setae near base of median tooth, which is blunt and short; ligula with 2 setae at apex and three pairs of shorter setae at posterior; palps long, slender and glabrous except for second labial palpomere, which possesses 2 setae on inner margin and an additional seta on outer margin; second labial palpomere 1.14 times longer than third; third maxillary palpomere 1.16 times longer than fourth. Antennae thin and long, and antennomeres 10 and 11 extending beyond elytral apices; antennomere 1 stouter and shorter than others, 4 and 5 longest, comparative length ratio of antennomere as follows in holotype: 1 (1.00), 2 (1.16), 3 (1.82), 4 (2.48), 5 (2.47), 6 (2.25), 7 (1.97), 8 (1.77), 9 (1.63), 10 (1.40) and 11 (1.56).

Prothorax ( Fig. 3A ) much shorter than head (PrL/ HLm = 0.55–0.59, PrL/HLl = 0.82–85); distinctly wider than head (PrW/HW = 1.26–1.29); widest at about 2/5 from base; anterior lateromarginal setae present at about 1/3 distance from front; propleura distinctly expanded and visible from above (PrW/ PnW = 1.09–1.20); pronotum slightly wider than head (PnW/HW = 1.14–1.17), widest at about 1/2 from base; base distinctly wider than front (PbW/ PfW = 1.36–1.41); front feebly emarginate medially, base nearly rectangular; lateral margins not sinuate, posterior angles acuminate, front angles obtuse and rounded; median line well-marked.

Elytra slender ( Figs. 2 , 4A ), much longer than pronotum (EL/PnL = 2.61–2.66), moderately elongate for Sinaphaenops species , about twice as long as wide (EL/EW = 1.92–2.06), widest at about 3/5 from base, basally narrow and depressed, strongly convex at middle; shoulders distinctly oblique, weakly pronounced, humeral angles broad; lateral margins finely margined and visible throughout; not parallelsided; elytral striae greatly reduced. Chaetotaxy: two dorsal pores present on third stria at about 3/10 and 1/2 from elytral base (but a smaller pore present on each elytron in 1 male individual, located just before preapical pore and closer to elytral suture), anterior pore much closer to first umbilicate pore than to fourth umbilicate pore, posterior pore anteriad to fifth umbilicate pore; well-marked preapical pore closer to suture than to apical margin of elytra, located even with seventh umbilicate pore; first umbilicate pore of humeral group located on sixth interval, distant from marginal gutter and anteriad to second pore; second and third pores close to each other, both near marginal gutter; fourth pore located on fifth stria, much closer to fifth pore than to third; fifth and sixth pores of middle group approximate, both widely distant from marginal gutter ( Fig. 4A ).

Legs slender, tarsomere 1 shorter than tarsomeres 2–4 combined in fore legs, slightly longer in middle legs, and as long as in hind legs.

Ventral surface of head with sparse and long setae, genal setae located midway between submentum and base of head; prosternum with several setae near base and apex, propleura smooth and glabrous; fore, middle and hind coxae with several setae. Ventrites sparsely setose; ventrites 4–6 each with 4 paramedial setae and a few additional much shorter setae, ventrite 7 with 3 pairs of long setae in female, 3 pairs of setae in male (but an additional seta present on left side in 2 male individuals).

Male genitalia ( Fig. 5 ) moderately sclerotized, slightly arcuate at middle, moderately slender (for Sinaphaenops ), about 1/4 as long as elytra, dorsal part widely membranous, base large, sagittal aileron indistinct, apex slightly reflexed ventrally and blunt at tip; inner sac armed with a wide copulatory piece, which is about 1/3 as long as median lobe ( Fig. 5A ); apical lobe wide, although longer than wide, broadly subtriangular at apex ( Fig. 5B ); parameres long and well-developed, each armed with 2 long setae at apex ( Fig. 5A ).

Remarks. Similar to S. (s. str.) banshanicus in possessing anterior lateromarginal setae on the pronotum and preapical dorsal pores on the elytra and an indistinct sagittal aileron on the male genitalia. The above peculiarities make them a distinct species-group from other members of the nominate subgenus. However, the two species are easily distinguished from each other by the following:(1) lateral margins of pronotum faintly bisinuate before posterior angles, which are acute in S. (s. str.) lipoi ( Fig. 3A ), versus lateral margins not sinuate and hind angles more widened in S. (s. str.) banshanicus ( Fig. 3B ); (2) fourth umbilicate marginal pore of elytron located more posteriad, much closer to fifth pore than to third in S. (s. str.) lipoi ( Fig. 4A ) versus almost equidistant in S. (s. str.) banshanicus ( Fig. 4B ); and (3) median lobe of male genitalia short and blunt apically in S. (s. str.) lipoi ( Figs. 5A, B ) versus long and more pointed in S. (s. str.) banshanicus ( Figs. 5C, D ).

Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Prof. Po Li, Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang.

Distribution. Guizhou (Guiyang) ( Fig. 1-l ). Known only from a limestone cave called Da Dong ( Figs. 6A, B ). The cave is about 300 m long, opening on a hillside about 1 km from Lizi Cun, a village northeast of Guiyang. The cave is relatively dry, but a few areas have droplets of condensation. The beetles were collected in moist areas of dark zones. Millipedes (three species) were abundant in the cave. Da Dong Cave is about 38 km air distance from Banshan Dong Cave, the type locality of S. (s. str.) banshanicus.

Figures

Fig. 1. Distribution of the genus Sinaphaenops. a) S. (Dongaphaenops) xuxiakei, b) S. (Thaumastaphaenops) bidraconis, c) S. (T.) pulcherrimus, d) S. (s. str.) banshanicus, e) S. (s. str.) trisetiger, f) S. (s. str.) mochongensis, g) S. (s. str.) yaolinensis, h) S. (s. str.) orthogenys, i) S. (s. str.) mirabilissimus, j) S. (s. str.) gracilior, k) S. (s. str.) wangorum, l) S. (s. str.) lipoi, new species.

Fig. 2. Sinaphaenops (s. str.) lipoi, new species, habitus of holotype (male).

Fig. 3. Pronotum of Sinaphaenops species. A) Sinaphaenops (s. str.) lipoi, new species, B) Sinaphaenops (s. str.) banshanicus.

Fig. 4. Chaetotaxy of Sinaphaenops species. A) Sinaphaenops (s. str.) lipoi, new species, B) S. (s. str.) banshanicus (pores marked by white points).

Fig. 5. Male genitalia of Sinaphaenops species. A–B) S. (s. str.) lipoi, new species, C–D) S. (s. str.) banshanicus. A, C) Median lobe and parameres, lateral view, B, D) Apical lobe, dorsal view.

Fig. 6. Da Dong Cave, type locality of Sinaphaenops (s. str.) lipoi, new species. A) Entrance, B) A running individual of S. (s. str.) lipoi in cave.