Epicadus camelinus ( O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 )

Machado, Miguel, Teixeira, Renato Augusto & Lise, Arno Antonio, 2018, There and back again: More on the taxonomy of the crab spiders genus Epicadus (Thomisidae: Stephanopinae), Zootaxa 4382 (3), pp. 501-530 : 506-507

Epicadus camelinus ( O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869)

Figs 2A–D , 16D

Stephanopis camelina O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869: 64 , pl. 5, figs 44–49.

Tobias camelinus (O. Pickard-Cambridge) . Simon 1895: 1053.

Tobias martinezi Birabén, 1955: 74 , figs 1–4 (holotype female from Buenavista [17°27'32"S, 63°39'33"W, Santa Cruz, Bolivia], deposited in MLPA 0 400, examined).

Epicadus camelinus ( O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) . Machado et al. 2017: 448, figs. S4C, S6B, S15C

Type material: Holotype: female, “Amazon”, 1861, Bates (OUMNH 122, examined).

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Amazonas: 5 ♀, 3°25'00"S, 65°51'21"W, ( MNHN 2617 ex.) . Acre: 1 ♀, Senador Guiomard , 10°04'24''S, 67°37'26''W, November 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos ( UFMG 11007 ) . Paraná: 1 ♀, Santa Helena ( Refúgio Biológico Bela Vista ), 25°26'56"S, 54°33'24"W, 12–16 October 1991, A.B. Bonaldo ( MCNZ 21767 ) .

Diagnosis. Females of E. camelinus resemble those of E. trituberculatus in the shape and disposition of opisthosomal projections but can be distinguished by large brown stains on prosoma and femur I and by the Vshaped mark on patella I ( Figs 2A, B , 16D ). The epigynum in ventral view is also very similar with other species of the genus (especially with E. trituberculatus ) but is characterized by the straight lateral folds delimiting a deeper median field, by the copulatory openings being totally exposed and by the reduced secondary spermathecae ( Figs 2C, D ).

Description. Female (from Senador Guiomard; UFMG 11007): Anterior eye row strongly recurved, posterior eye row slightly procurved, almost straight. Prosoma as long as wide, MS and TWS present, LBL extends longitudinally to the PME ( Fig. 2A ). Clypeus brownish, wide and bearing a black upside down V-shaped mark ( Fig. 2B ); chelicerae, sternum, endites, and labium yellowish. Opisthosoma yellowish with brown stains, presenting several black knobs and five opisthosomal projections faced backward ( Figs 2A , 16D ). Median posterior opisthosomal projection larger than lateral ones, distally enlarged, ending in two roundish tips. In posterior view, between the dorsolateral and ventrolateral projections, there is a black triangular stain ( Figs 2A , 16D ). Anterior border of opisthosoma strongly concave. Femora II with black spots on prolateral surface, one on median and another on distal position. Legs I and II with a median keel including the entire patella to the tarsal joint; anterior tibiae (I and II) with a dorsal naked gutter connected to the sensorial pit. Femora I and II with two ventral lines of setiferous tubercles. Tarsal claws curved and pectinated with teeth restricted to basal portion. Epigynum with an incomplete median septum, secondary spermathecae reduced and primary spermathecae globular; copulatory ducts long, exceeding the length of primary spermathecae) ( Figs 2C, D ).

Measurements: eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.14, PME 0.10, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.26, AME–ALE 0.12, PME–PME 0.36, PME–PLE 0.18; MOQ length 0.58, MOQ posterior width 0.58, MOQ anterior width 0.56; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I—femur 3.50/ patella 2.00/ tibia 2.35/ metatarsus 1.75/ tarsus 1.40/ total 11.00; II—3.50/ 2.00/ 2.30/ 1.60/ 1.40/ 10.80; III—1.70/ 1.15/ 1.20/ 1.40/ 0.60/ 6.05; IV—1.90/ 1.05/ 1.50/ 1.35/ 0.60/6.40. Total body length 7.75; prosoma length 3.75, width 3.75; opisthosoma length 4.00; clypeus height 0.50; sternum length 1.68, width 1.16; endites length 1.08, width 0.50; labium length 0.66, width 0.60.

Distribution. BRAZIL: Acre, Amazonas; BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz ( Fig. 17C ).

Note. The male of E. camelinus is still unknown. The scanning microscopy of a male palp represented in the supplementary material of Machado et al. (2017) ( Fig. S12B ) was a lapsus, being in fact that copulatory structure belonging to a male of E. taczanowskii .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Epicadus camelinus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869), female (UFMG 11007). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal).Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B), 0.2 mm(C, D).

FIGURE 12. Epicadus trituberculatus (TaczanoWski, 1872), female (MPEG 022662). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal).Scale bars: 2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.2mm (C, D).

FIGURE 16. Female specimens in vivo. A Epicadus taczanowskii (RoeWer, 1951); B Epicadus dimidiaster sp. nov.; C Epicadus rubripes Mello-Leitão, 1924 (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 1F); D Epicadus camelinus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869); E Epicadus heterogaster (Guérin-Méneville, 1829); F Epicadus trituberculatus (TaczanoWski, 1872). Photo credits:César Favacho (A); Arthur Anker (B); Almir Cândido de Almeida (C); Karl Kroeker (D); Edson Roberto (E); Edelcio Muscat (F).

FIGURE 17. Data of distribution records of Epicadus species compiled from Machado et al. (2015, 2017); Silva-Moreira and Machado (2016); present study.