Mycetinis salalis (Desjardin & Redhead) Redhead., 2012. Index Fungorum 8: 1.

Petersen, Ronald H. & Hughes, Karen W., 2017, An investigation on Mycetinis (Euagarics, Basidiomycota), MycoKeys 24, pp. 1-138 : 47-54

10. Mycetinis salalis (Desjardin & Redhead) Redhead., 2012. Index Fungorum 8: 1.

Marasmius salalis Basionym. Desjardin & Redhead. 1987. Mycotaxon 29: 308.

Holotype.

Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver Island, Gordon Bay, Lake Cowichan, N48°49'35", W124°03'14", 4.X.1979, coll. S.A. Redhead, DAOM 175254 (DAOM).

Diagnosis.

1) Basidiomata small but robust (pileus 12-16 mm broad; stipe 33-46 × 1-3 mm); 2) spores 15-19 × 3.2-5.1 µm; 3) fruiting habit on fallen leaves of Gaultheria and Berberis ; 4) stipe insititious, white upward, brick red downward; distribution from northern California to British Columbia.

Description.

Basidiomata (Fig. 64) small but robust. Pileus 12-16 mm wide, convex to plano-convex, somewhat radially furrowed with age to subtly sulcate-striate, moist, translucent-striate, disc “Saccardo’s umber" 5E8, outward "pinkish buff" 6A3 to "pale pinkish buff" 6A2, with paler marginal areas; margin often scalloped; context concolorous, membranous-tough. Lamellae adnate to adnexed, whitish to buff, "tilleul buff" 7B2, moderately spaced and sized, thickish, crenulate and paler on edges, exhibiting necropigment to near "cinnamon buff" 6B4, and characteristically crisped; lamellar edge minutely pruinose to entire, concolorous with lamellar face; lamellulae in 2 tiers. Stipe: 33-46 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, equal or with slightly swollen base, hollow, dry, upward villose to silky, downward sparsely to densely tomentose, becoming hispid with synnemata of stiff, dark caulocystidia up to 1 mm long, apically concolorous with lamellae, downward dark brick, chestnut, “bister” 5F8 to "benzo brown" 9D3 to "fuscous black" 6F4, insititious. Rhizomorphs uncommon, scattered, of two types: 1) resupinate on leaf surfaces, without evidence of origin or termination, 0.6-0.8 mm broad, flattened/strap-shaped, occasionally producing a stellate attachment; and 2) aerial, 3-14 × 0.1-0.3 mm (very slender), unbranched, curly. Odor strong of onion or garlic; taste strongly of onion or sweet garlic.

Habitat and phenology.

Scattered on senescent leaves and branches of Gaultheria shallon Pursh and unidentified broad leaves in open forests of Pseudotsuga menziesii and Tsuga heterophylla ; northern California to southern British Columbia; Autumn.

Pileipellis constructed of two elements: 1) inflated hyphal termini (Fig. 65 E–L), 24-45 × 17-32(-40) µm overall, stalked (stalk 7-18 × 5-7.5 µm), subglobose, utriform, or (usually) with irregular lobose or free-form configurations, firm- to thick-walled (wall -1.5 µm thick, and then sometimes pigmented in yellowish or ochraceous tints; and 2) pileocystidia (Fig. 65 A–D) 30-48 × 25-30 overall, stalked (stalk 10-25 × 7-9 µm), firm- to thick-walled (wall -0.7 µm diam, hyaline), distally slightly inflated and beset with thick, digitate or gnarled outgrowths. Pileus and lamellar tramae loosely interwoven; hyphae 5-12 µm diam, clamped, smooth, thin- to firm-walled, nonamyloid. Pleurocystidia (Fig. 66) (32-)37-50 × 5-9 µm, narrowly fusiform to fusiform, conspicuously clamped; contents homogeneous. Basidia (Fig. 67) (32-)41-55 × 8-12 µm, narrowly clavate, often subcapitulate, 4-sterigmate, conspicuously clamped; contents heteroge neous, multiguttulate also with oily inclusions (PhC). Basidiospores (Fig. 69A) (15-)16-18.5(-19) × (3.5-)4-5 µm (Q = 3.00-4.75; Qm = 3.83; Lm = 16.8 µm), narrowly pip-shipped, clavate to curved-clavate, marasmioid (tapered proximally), thin-walled, inamyloid; contents heterogeneous, multiguttulate. Lamellar edge apparently sterile, lined with cheilocystidia. Cheilocystidia (Fig. 68) (25-)45-84 µm long, stalked [stalk 15-35 × 3-6.5 µm, obscurely clamped, firm- to thick-walled (wall -1.0 µm thick)], somewhat expanded distally (9-14 µm broad), ranging from clavate with no outgrowths to clavate with apical lobose outgrowths to distally branched; branches stout, 5-50 × 2.5-5.5 µm, ascending, often rebranched, rounded at apex. Stipe medullary hyphae 2.5-6.5 µm diam, strictly parallel, tightly packed, free (without slime matrix), thin- to firm-walled, obscurely clamped. Stipe cortical hyphae 3-6.5 µm diam, strictly parallel, free (without slim matrix), firm- to thick-walled (wall -0.7 µm thick, subhyaline), obscurely clamped, immediately turning dull olive ("buffy olive" 3E6, "yellowish olive"2E5) in 3% KOH solution. Caulocystidia from upper stipe (Fig. 69B) 15->500 × 5-15 µm, supple, subsinuous, thick-walled (wall 0.7-2 µm thick, subhyaline, rarely occluding cell lumen), broadly attached to surface cortical hyphae. Caulocystidia from stipe base 25->1000 × 5-14 µm, erect, stiff, setoid, thick-walled [wall 0.7-2(-4) µm thick, often occluding cell lumen, pigmented pallid yellowish].

Commentary.

Desjardin (1987a) and Desjardin and Redhead (1987) reported collections of M. salalis from British Columbia and Washington (apocryphal from Oregon) but not California. A single collection (TFB 8084 = TENN55408) from Trinity Co., California, produced ITS sequence nearly identical to those of My. salalis from farther north, as well as characteristic cheilocystidia, but spores significantly shorter [(10-)12-13(-14) × 3-4 µm (Q = 1.8-4.33; Qm = 3.36; Lm = 12.3 µm)] then those of My. salalis . TFB 8084 was initially identified as M. copelandii based on spore statistics, but molecular evidence confirmed that it was conspecific or closely related to My. salalis . ITS sequences are presently unavailable for authentic My. copelandii for comparison.

Pleurocystidia in My. salalis , as in other taxa of Mycetinis , are difficult to distinguished from basidioles. Separation has been made on the following characters: 1) consistent narrowly fusiform shape versus consistent subcapitulate-clavate basidiole shape; 2) homogeneous contents (PhC), usually with a single distal dark inclusion, versus multiguttulate heterogeneous contents of basidioles.

Cheilocystidia in My. salalis closely resemble pileocystidia. In neither structure can the branches be termed as setulae, which are considered as significantly smaller in length and breadth. Cheilocystidia of My. salalis resemble pileocystidia of My. scorodonius , but cheilocystidia of the latter are more complex, with ultimate outgrowths shorter and more slender.

Basidiospores of My. salalis are significantly longer than those of My. copelandii . Collection TENN-F-55408-TFB 8084 (morphologically My. copelandii ) is characterized by appropriately shorter spores but its ITS sequence is essentially congruent to those of My. salalis (0.2% divergence from My. salalis collections DAOM175251 and WTU9803; Fig. 2). This collection, therefore, appears enigmatic. The situation may be resolved when additional ITS sequences become available for My. copelandii and/or when multigene trees can be produced.

Redhead (1982): "The change to greenish grey of the pigmented hyphal walls and the blue green plaque in KOH is reminiscent of such reactions in Collybia species allied to C. alkalivirens Singer (see Halling. Mycotaxon 8: 453-458. 1979). These reactions also occur in Marasmius , Mycetinis olidus and Marasmius , Mycetinis prasiosmus ."

Specimens examined.

United States, California, Trinity Co., Rte 299, Grey’s Point Campground, N40°56'55", W123°53'47", 15.XI.1996, coll RHP, det. D. Largent (as M. copelandii ), TFB 8084 (TENN55408). Washington, King Co., vic. Greenwater, Federation Forest State Park, N47°09'20.21", W121°42'10.98", 3.X.1992, coll RHP, TFB 5724 (TENN52572); Mason Co., Shelton, Shelton Point, N47°13'05", W123°06'58", 25.X.1966, det. K. Harrison (as Marasmius scorodonius ), Stz 13741 (WTU-F-9219); Pierce Co., Mount Rainier National Park, Hwy 123, 3.3 miles south of 123/410 junction, N46°49'28.96", W121°32'41.75", 5.X.1997, coll & det S. Trudell (as Mi. perforans ), Trudell 97-278-17 (WTU-F-009308); Whatcom Co., vic. Bellingham, Silver Lake area, N48°58'16.8", W122°04'05.2", 10.X.1992, coll Coleman McCleneghan, TFB 5822 (TENN52249).