Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.1145567 |
publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:33D0BEDC-2FED-4678-8F92-100D25DB6E19 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5958050 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/526987B3-FFAE-B116-57BF-1246FDA7FBFE |
treatment provided by |
Plazi |
scientific name |
Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878 |
status |
|
Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878 View in CoL
( Figs 1A, 1D, 1G View FIGURE 1 , 2A–B, 2E–F View FIGURE2 )
GnaphOsa alpica View in CoL — Simon (1878): p. 183 (descr. ♀). Simon (1914): pp. 203, 224, fig. 452 (♀). Lessert (1910): p. 79, fig. 66 (♀). Grimm (1985): p. 49, figs 77–78 (♀). Heimer & Nentwig (1991): p. 426, fig. 1122 (♀); redrawn from Grimm (1985). Ovtsharenko et al. (1992): p. 61, figs 223–224 (only ♀, ♂ is G. mOdestiOr View in CoL ).
GnaphOsa View in CoL mOlesta — O. Pickard-Cambridge (1898): p. 489, figs 1–2 (descr. ♀); synonymised by Simon (1914).
Type material examined. 2 female syntypes, France: Alps , cOll. MNHN: AR 3046 About MNHN .
Description of the male from Villeneuve sur Vère. TOtal length 8.2. Carapace 3.8 lOng, 2.9 wide. Femur II 2.5 lOng. PrOsOma brOwn, OpisthOsOma grey-black. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.15, PME 0.13, PLE 0.11; AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.07, PME-PLE 0.25, ALE-PLE 0.29; median Ocular quadrangle length 0.38, frOnt width 0.30, back width 0.34. Palp with basally slightly S-shaped embOlus ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ), median apOphysis in ventral view apically twisted, hOOklike ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ); retrOlateral tibial apOphysis apprOximately as lOng as tibia ( Figs 1D, 1G View FIGURE 1 ).
Diagnosis. Males differ frOm thOse Of Other species Of the cOmplex in that the tibial apOphysis is as lOng as the rest Of tibia ( Fig. 1G View FIGURE 1 ), in the sharp angle between the thin part Of embOlus and its wide sclerOtised base ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ) (in Other species the angle is either right Or Obtuse) and by the median apOphysis, which is curved retrOlaterally. Females ( Figs 2A–B, 2E–F View FIGURE2 ) differ frOm thOse Of G. dolanskyi sp. n. in the scapus, which is markedly wrinkled transversally, with a slightly cOnstricted base, in relatively shOrt pOsterOlateral pOckets, and in that the median ducts cOnverge at the frOnt in an even manner. FrOm thOse Of Gnaphosa modestior the females differ in that the width Of the scapus is mOre than half its length, the scapus is nOt further frOm the pOsterOlateral pOckets than the equivalent length Of the pOckets, and in that the lateral edges Of the pOckets are parallel.
Remarks. Gnaphosa alpica was described based On the females frOm sOuthwestern Switzerland (Valais: Zermatt) and sOutheastern France (Basses Alpes: SirOn, Les DOurbes). Later, the authOr added material frOm Other parts Of the French Alps (Alpes de la SavOie, Alpes du Dauphiné) ( SimOn 1914). In the generic revisiOn, OvtsharenkO and cOlleagues paired males Of G. modestior with this species (OvtsharenkO et al. 1992). Recently a female, determined as G. alpica ( Figs 2B, 2F View FIGURE2 ), was cOllected in the fOOthills Of the French Alps in the Tarn prOvince, sOuthern France. ApprOximately 35 kilOmetres frOm this lOcatiOn a male Of unknOwn species belOnging tO the Gnaphosa bicolor grOup, very similar tO G. modestior and G. dolanskyi sp. n., was fOund. As such, we cOncluded that it is the sO far unknOwn male Of G. alpica .
Ecology and Distribution. Alpine grasslands ( Thaler & KnOflach 2004). Adults in spring. Western Alps (sOuthwestern Switzerland, sOutheastern France—SimOn 1878; Austrian Tauren—Thaler & KnOflach 2004) and Tarn (sOuthern France—this study).
Other material examined. France: Hautes Alpes : Veynes , 1913, 1 ♀, Gnaphosa alpica —determined by Eugene SimOn, cOll. MNHN: AR 3054 About MNHN . Tarn: Arifat (43.7738°, 2.3260°), 350 m a.s.l., 22 July 2014, 1 ♀, leg. M. Fabregat, personal coll. of P. Oger ; Villeneuve sur Vère (43.9896°, 2.0268°), 285 m a.s.l., oak forest fringe, 23 April 2014, 1 ♂, leg. M. Fabregat, persOnal cOll. Of P. Oger.
MNHN |
Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
Kingdom |
|
Phylum |
|
Class |
|
Order |
|
Family |
|
Genus |
Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878
Řezáč, Milan, Růžička, Vlastimil, Oger, Pierre & Řezáčová, Veronika 2018 |
G. mOdestiOr
Kulczynki 1897 |
GnaphOsa alpica
Simon 1878 |
GnaphOsa
Latreille 1804 |