Euptychoides sanmarcos Nakahara and Lamas, 2018

Nakahara, Shinichi, Willmott, Keith R., Mielke, Olaf H. H., Schwartz, Johanna, Zacca, Thamara, Espeland, Marianne & Lamas, Gerardo, 2018, Seven new taxa from the butterfly subtribe Euptychiina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) with revisional notes on Harjesia Forster, 1964 and Pseudeuptychia Forster, 1964, Insecta Mundi 639, pp. 1-38 : 12-14

Euptychoides sanmarcos Nakahara and Lamas , new species

( Fig. 10 , 11 , 16 )

Magneuptychia sp. n.: Lamas and Grados [1997]: 58.

Magneuptychia [n. sp.] Lamas MS ( Nymphalidae , Satyrinae 1421 ): Lamas 2004: 220.

Description. Male. Forewing length: 24 mm (n = 1)

Head: Eyes with relatively short sparse golden hairs, with white scales at base; first segment of labial palpi white, adorned with white long hair-like scales and brownish long hair-like scales, second segment length almost twice as great as eye depth and covered with white hair-like scales and white scales laterally, and with black scales along edge of distal two-thirds of dorsal surface, ventrally adorned with black hair-like scales about 3-4× as long as segment width, third segment about one-third of second segment in length and covered with black scales dorsally and ventrally, with creamy-white scales laterally; antennae approximately two-fifths of forewing length, with approximately 39 antennomeres (n = 1), distal 14–15 antennomeres composing club.

Thorax: Dorsally and laterally covered with sparse greyish scales and with additional long, sparse multi-colored hair-like scales dorsally; ventrally scattered with greyish scales and with long greyish hair-like scales.

Legs: Foreleg brown, tarsus and tibia almost same in length, femur not examined; midleg and hindleg with femur greyish, basal two-thirds adorned with long greyish hair-like scales, tibia and tarsus dusty white, dorsally darker, tarsus and tibia adorned with spines ventrally, tibial spurs present at distal end of tibia.

Abdomen: Eighth tergite reduced, appearing only along basal margin of dorsal surface of eighth abdominal segment; eighth sternite apparently reduced.

Wing venation: Basal half of forewing subcostal vein swollen; base of cubitus swollen; forewing recurrent vein absent; hindwing humeral vein developed; origin of M 2 slightly nearer M 1 than M 3.

Wing shape: Forewing subtriangular, apex somewhat angular, costal margin convex, outer margin almost straight in slightly inward direction, inner margin very slightly convex, but rounded towards thorax near base; hindwing slightly elongate, rounded, costal margin slightly convex, but bent at rightangle at base, apex angular, outer margin very slightly undulating, tornus somewhat rounded, inner margin slightly concave near tornus, anal lobe convex, slightly round.

DFW: Ground colour brownish, dark submarginal band appears as a dark trace, extending from apex to tornus; concolorous marginal band, narrower, extending from apex to tornus.

DHW: Ground colour and general wing pattern similar to DFW, except for submarginal and marginal band somewhat prominent.

VFW: Ground colour light chestnut brown; dark brownish thin discal band extends from radial vein to cell Cu 2, crossing discal cell in a slightly outward diagonal direction, fades away before reaching 2A; concolorous postdiscal band, broader than discal band, somewhat sinuate, extending from radial vein towards inner margin until reaching 2A, very slightly curved basally; faint, indistinct dark shading covering middle of post medial area (around submarginal ocelli); submarginal band similar to postdiscal band in terms of colour and width, undulating until Cu 1, straight below this vein; concolorous marginal band, slightly broader, less undulating, traversing from apex towards tornus; fringe brownish; three submarginal ocelli in cells M 1, M 2, and M 3, ocelli in cell M 1 black spot with silver pupil in center ringed with orange, ocellus in cell M 2 smaller, black spot and orange ring somewhat indistinct, ocellus in cell M 3 appears as a trace.

VHW: Ground colour similar to forewing; general wing pattern similar to forewing except as follows: discal and postdiscal band broader, both bands extends across wing; postdiscal band bent inwards in cell 2A; submarginal band strongly undulating, especially in cells M 2 and M 3; area distal to submarginal band slightly paler; marginal band broadens at tornus; six submarginal ocelli in cells Rs, M 1, M 2, M 3, Cu 1 and Cu 2, those in cells M 1 and Cu 1 large, ocellus touching anterior and posterior veins, black spot with silver pupil in center ringed with orange, ocelli in cells M 2 and M 3, smaller than previous two ocelli, otherwise similar, ocelli in cells Rs and Cu 2, smaller than those ocelli in cells M 2 and M 3, otherwise similar.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 11a, b ): Tegumen relatively small, appears somewhat circular in lateral view, dorsally concave, anterior margin straight; uncus curved, with some setae at base, twice as long as tegumen in length, based of uncus forked in lateral view thus creating a hole between tegumen, slightly hooked at posterior end, tapered posteriorly; gnathos absent; brachia slightly longer than uncus in length, basally broad, tapered posteriorly, posterior one-fifth bent and almost parallel to uncus in lateral view; combination of ventral arms from tegumen and dorsal arms from saccus curved in middle, top half extending horizontally until middle of anterior margin of tegumen, forming somewhat like plate along anterior margin of tegumen; appendices angulares absent; saccus similar to tegumen in length; juxta present; distal half of valvae sparsely setose, basal two-thirds of valva appear roughly elliptical in lateral view, ventral margin convex, dorsal margin curved distally with subtriangular costa projecting towards combined ventral arms from tegumen and dorsal arms from saccus, distal one-third narrow with angular apex; phallus roughly straight, slightly longer than valva in length, phallobase about half of phallus, anterodorsal opening large, aedeagus slightly curved upwards at posterior end, manica covering about half of aedeagus, sclerotized region present in manica antero-dorsally, apparently as continuation from phallobase, cornuti appear as small spines on vesica coming out from distal end of aedeagus.

Female. Forewing length: 26–27 mm (n = 3)

Similar to male except as follows: Female foretarsus divided into five distinct tarsomeres; forewing appears more rounded and broad; ground colour of both wing surface slightly lighter. Female Genitalia ( Fig. 11c, d ): Lamella antevaginalis sclerotized, forming somewhat like oval spoon-like plate with concave posterior margin, anterior margin connected to lateral sclerotized region of 8th abdominal segment; lateral portion of 8th abdominal segment sclerotized forming somewhat like plate; ductus

bursae membranous, origin of ductus seminalis located at one-fifth distance from ostium bursae to corpus bursae, ductus bursae posterior to origin of ductus seminalis apparently slightly sclerotized; corpus bursae roughly oval in dorsal view, extending to third abdominal segment, with two signa parallel to each other located posteriorly.

Types. Holotype. MALE: PERU: MADRE de DIOS Cerro Pantiacolla, E slope nr. Summit, ca. 4 km. ENE Shintuya ; 960–1030 m. 25.vii.1980 J. F. Douglass 1342// Allyn Museum Acc. 1980 – 14// Genitalia vial SN-14-149 S. Nakahara // ( MGCL, to be deposited in MUSM).

Paratypes. (2 ♂, 7 ♀) Bolivia: La Paz: Río Zongo , [16°3′40′′S, 68°1′2′′W], 1200 m, (Garlepp), 1895-1896, 1 ♂, ( MNHU) . Peru: Cuzco: Cosñipata Valley, Quebrada Quitacalzón , [13°01′13″S, 71°29′50″W], 1050 m, (Harris, B.), 12 Aug 2009, 1 ♀ (Genitalic vial SN-14-18 , MUSM) ([MUSM-LEP-103661], ( MUSM); (Kinyon, S.) , 25 Sep 2011, 1♀ [MUSM-LEP-103662], ( MUSM) ; Quebrada Quitacalzón , [13°1′S, 71°30′W], 1100 m, (Gibson, L.), 10 May 2012, 1 ♀ [MUSM-LEP-103663], ( MUSM); (Kinyon, S.) , 22 Sep 2014, 1 ♀ [ MUSM- LEP-103666], ( MUSM); (Lamas, G.) , 22 Sep 2014, 1 ♀ ( Genitalic vial SN-16-17 ) [MUSM-LEP-103664], ( MUSM); (Lamas, G.) , 23 Oct 2010, 1 ♂ [MUSM-LEP-103667], ( MUSM) ; Huánuco: Cordillera del Sira , ca. [9°25′S, 74°45′W], 1380 m, (Exp. Universidad Viena), Sep 1987 – Aug 1988, 1 ♀ [MUSM-LEP-103660], ( MUSM) ; Puno: Tambopata - Candamo, Río Távara , [13°25–27′S, 69°38′W], 1000 m, (Baynes, H.), 1 Aug 1995, Expedition Cambridge Peru ’95, 1 ♂ [MUSM-LEP-103659], ( MUSM); (Grados, J.) , 8 Aug 1995, 1 ♀ [MUSM-LEP-103665], ( MUSM) .

Etymology. This species is named after the Peruvian institution Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, the oldest university on the American continent. The majority of the type series are deposited in the museum (MUSM) belonging to this university. The specific epithet is treated as a latinized masculine noun in apposition.

Distribution. This species is known from the eastern foothills of the central Peruvian Andes to Bolivia, where it is likely sympatric with E. fida .

Systematic placement and diagnosis. This species is placed as sister to Ecuadorian specimens phenotypically similar to Euptychoides fida (Weymer, 1911) based on molecular data (unpublished). Although there are some slight wing pattern differences between Ecuadorian specimens and the syntypes of E. fida from Bolivia, they appear to be conspecific or at least sister taxa, and we thus describe this new species provisionally in Euptychoides . Euptychoides sanmarcos n. sp. is distinguished from syntypes of Euptychoides fida in MNHU (two males and one female, examined) by having a relatively straight VHW postdiscal band and lacking the whitish coloration distal to VHW postdiscal band. The VHW postdiscal band appears somewhat jagged in syntypes of E. fida , and there is a whitish coloration distal of this band, which also extends along the VHW inner margin. In addition, the VFW postdiscal band seems to terminate close to 2A in E. sanmarcos n. sp., whereas this band terminates half way between Cu 2 and 2A in those syntypes of E. fida . Based on the female genitalia of one of the syntypes of E. fida dissected by Lee D. Miller (genitalia vial M-9151), the female genitalia of E. fida and this species appear to be similar. The genitalia vial number (M-9051) associated with this female syntype does not correspond to the genitalia of this E. fida , and the correct vial (M-9151) was determined by the genitalia dissection list prepared by Lee D. Miller, with Jacqueline Y. Miller’s assistance. It should also be noted that this female syntype has been erroneously identified as a male and is indicated as such on labels pinned with the specimen.

Figures

Figure 10. Euptychoides sanmarcos n. sp., adults. Top row, holotype male, dorsal on left, ventral on right; bottom row, paratype female (MUSM-LEP 103661), dorsal on left, ventral on right.

Figure 11. Euptychoides sanmarcos n. sp., genitalia. a) Male genitalia in lateral view with juxta in posterior view on the left. b) Phallus in lateral view. c) Female genitalia with location of signa indicated on the right. d) Lamella antevaginalis in ventral view with intersegmental membrane (illustrated genitalia: SN-14-149 for male; SN-16-17 for female).

Figure 16. Distribution maps of the euptychiine taxa discussed herein