Desmodium barbatum

Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De, Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart De Azevedo & Lewis, Gwilym Peter, 2014, A Taxonomic Revision of Desmodium (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 169 (1), pp. 1-119 : 30-33

6. Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth., Pl. Jungh. 1: 224. 1852. Hedysarum barbatum L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10.2: 1170. 1759. Perrottetia barbata (L.) DC., Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 4: 96. 1825. Nicolsonia barbata (L.) DC., Prodr. 2: 325.1825. Uraria barbata (L.) Desv., Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 4: 309. 1826. Meibomia barbata (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 195. 1891. Lectotype (designated by Schubert 1971):— JAMAICA. "Habitat in Jamaica" (LINN 921.48!). Fig. 8 .

Hedysarum villosum Mill., Gard. Dict. (ed. 8): 9. 1768. Desmodium villosum (Mill.) DC., Prodr. 2: 338. 1825. Meibomia villosa (Mill.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 198. 1891. Type:— MEXICO. Veracruz: Veracruz, 1731, W. Houstoun s.n. (holotype BM!).

Hedysarum coeruleo-violaceum G. Mey., Prim. Fl. Esseq. : 246. 1818. Desmodium coeruleo-violaceum (G. Mey.) DC., Prodr. 2: 331. 1825. Type :— GUYANA. "In arenosis continetis et insulae Wucanama". Essequibo, E. K . Rodschied 318 (holotype GOET!) .

Hedysarum venustulum Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 6: 519. 1823. Nicolsonia venustula (Kunth) DC., Prodr. 2: 325. 1825. Desmodium barbatum var. venustulum (Kunth) Griseb, Fl. Brit. W. I : 186. 1859. Desmodium venustulum (Kunth) Hemsl., Biol. Cent.- Amer., Bot. 1(4): 290. 1880. Type:—"Crescit in declivitate montis Turimiquiri Cumanensium, Set., F.W.H.A.von Humboldt & A.J.A. Bonpland s.n. " (holotype P-HUMB!).

Nicolsonia cayennensis DC., Prodr. 2: 325. 1825. Meibomia cayennense (DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 197. 1891. Lectotype (designated here):— FRENCH GUIANA. Cayena. (lectotype G-DC!, isolectotypes BM!, LE!, P![2 sheets]).

Nicolsonia cayennensis var. laxiusxula DC., Prodr. 2: 325. 1825. Type :— FRENCH GUIANA. Cayena (holotype G-DC!), syn. nov.

Hedysarum procumbens Vell., Fl. flumin. 4: 319. 1829, nom. illeg., non Miller, 1768. Lectotype (designated here):—Florae Fluminensis Icones 1: Tabula 149. 1831.

Nicolsonia villosa Schltdl. & Cham., Linnaea 5: 584. 1830. Desmodium villosum (Schltdl. e Cham.) Hemsl., Biol. Cent.- Amer., Bot. 1(4): 291. 1880, nom. illeg., non De Candolle, 1825. Meibomia neglecta (Schltdl. e Cham.) Kuntze, Revis. gen. Pl.1: 197. 1891. Lectotype (designated here):— MEXICO. C.J.W. Schiede s.n. (lectotype HAL!, isolectotypes B!, BM!, G!, LE!, OXF!, P!).

Nicolsonia major Steud. , Flora 26(45): 757. 1843. Lectotype (designated here):— SURINAME. F.W.R. Hostmann 604 (lectotype G!, isolectotypes FI-W!, JE00001104 *!, K![2 sheets], LE!, P![3 sheets], U!, W![2 sheets]).

Nicolsonia radicans Steud. , Flora 26(45): 757. 1843. Lectotype (designated here):— SURINAME. F.W.R. Hostmann 524 (lectotype W!, isolectotypes G![2 sheets], P![2 sheets], U!).

30 • Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press

LIMA ET AL.

Desmodium barbatum var. procumbens B.G. Schub., Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 22: J297 . 1952. Type:— CONGO. Democratic Republic of Congo: W de Lake Albert , between Bunia and Gety, J . Lebrun 4028 (holotype BR![2 sheets], isotypes BM!, C *!, K!) .

Prostrate, ascendent, rarely erect branched subshrub, ca. 1 m tall, lacking stolons rooting at the nodes, without a xylopodium; stems virgate or not, slender, cylindrical, sulcate, sparsely or densely tomentose, villose, rarely glabrescent, not glaucous; internodes 0.9–6.1 cm long. Stipules 4–11 × 1–2 mm, ovate-lanceolate, not auriculate, semi-amplexicaul, inserted obliquely at the base of the leaf petiole, free from each other, apex caudate, margin straight, glabrous or glabrescent, rarely sparsely tomentose, veins conspicuous, persistent. Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 5–15(–17) mm long, cylindrical, sulcate, densely villose or tomentose; rachis 2–6 mm long; stipels 2–3 mm long, subulate, margin straight, glabrous or sparsely tomentose on the outer surface, persistent; leaflets discolorous, chartaceous, venation brochidodromous, primary and secondary veins prominent, tertiary veins flush with the abaxial surface, indumentum densely velutinous on the primary, secondary and tertiary veins on the abaxial surface, adaxial surface glabrescent or sparsely tomentose, uncinate hairs covering both surfaces, terminal leaflet 1.2–4.1 × 1.1–1.7 cm, elliptic, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate or orbicular, base cordate, cuneate or obtuse, apex obtuse, retuse or subacute, lateral leaflets 1.2–3.1 × 0.6–1.3 cm, the same shape as the terminal leaflet. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary pseudoraceme; the main axis shorter than the adjacent leaves, 0.9–8.2 cm long, densely hirsute, 2 flowers per node; primary bract 4–7 mm long, ovate, margin straight, glabrescent or hirsute on the outer surface, caducous, veins conspicuous on the outer surface; secondary bract 3–4 mm long, lanceolate, margin straight, glabrescent or hirsute on the outer surface, caducous, veins conspicuous on the outer surface; pedicel 5–10 mm long, densely uncinate. Flowers 3.5–5 mm long; calyx 5–laciniate, tube campanulate, 1–1.5 mm long, hirsute on the outer surface; teeth subequal, triangular, upper lip 2.5–3, lower lip 3–4.5 mm long; corolla lilac or azul, standard 3.5–5.5 × 3–6 mm, obovate, apex emarginate or retuse, com maculate at the base, claw 0.8–1 mm long; wing petals 2.5–5.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, oblong, apex obtuse, without callosities, claw 0.5–1 mm long; keel petals 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm, narrowly obovate, apex subacute, with callosities, claw 1.5–2 mm long; androecium diadelphous, 3.5–5 mm long, vexillary stamen free; ovary 2–2.5 mm long, sparsely or densely velutinous, stipe ca. 0.1 mm long, glabrous. Loment 0.8–1.2 cm long, stipe ca. 1 mm long, uncinate, isthmus marginal, upper suture arcuate and lower suture sinuate; articles uniform 3–5, 2–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, quadrangular or oblong, not tortuous, indehiscent, subcoriaceous, veins inconspicuous, densely uncinate. Seed ca. 1.5 × 1 mm, ovate, hilum subcentral.

Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Acre: Rio Branco: BR-364, Estação Experimental UEPAE , August 1990, fl., fr., Tâmara 1 ( INPA) . Alagoas: Marechal Deodoro: APA Santa Rita, sítio Beira Mar , 18 September 1987, fl., fr., R. P . Lyra-Ramos & G. L . Esteves 1363 ( K) . Amapá: Oiapoque: Campo de aviação, rio Oiapoque , território do Amapá, 25 April 1960, fl., fr., W. A . Egler 1434 ( CGMS, MG, RB). Amazonas: Borba: ca. 30 km Sul de Borba, rio Maparí , 24 June 1983, fl., fr., J. L . Zaruchi et al. 2856 ( K, RB) . Bahia: Santa Cruz Cabrália : ca. 5 km Sul de Santa Cruz de Cabrália, 18 March 1974, fl., fr., R. M . Harley et al. 17127 ( K, M, P, RB, U). Distrito Federal: Brasília: Lago do Paranoá , 24 February 1966, fl., fr., H. S . Irwin et al. 13145 ( HBG) . Espírito Santo: Conceição da Barra: Itaúnas , 15 May 1987, fl., fr., H. C . de Lima et al. 2984 ( HUEFS, K) . Goiás: Portelândia : BR 364 , km 363, sentido Santa Rita do Araguaia - Mineiros , 9 January 2009, fl., fr., L. C. P . Lima et al. 509 ( HUEFS) . Mato Grosso: Cáceres: Km 135 na estrada de Cáceres ao Sul da Serra de Aguapei , 4 March 1977, fl., fr., J. H . Kirkbride & E . Lleras 3046 ( BR, K, MG) . Mato Grosso do Sul: Alcinópolis: fazenda Harmonia, 30km Noroeste de Alcinópolis, entorno do Monumento Natural Serra do Bom Jardim , 20 March 2008, fl., fr., A . Pott & V. J . Pott 15003 ( CGMS, HUEFS) . Minas Gerais: Gouveia : ca. 35 km Sudoeste de Gouveia, Km 243 da MG-259, 2 February 1972, fl., fr., W. R . Anderson et al. 35129 ( K, P, SP, SPF); Viçosa: Coleção de plantas com potencial agrícola, 22 February 1930, fl., fr., Y . Mexia 4379 ( BM, G, K, P, U, W). Pará: Vigia: Estrada para Vigia, Campo de Caimbé , 26 August 1959, fr., E . Pereira 4967 ( B, M, PAMG). Paraíba: Areia: Proximidades de Alagoa do Remígio , 10 June 1953, fl., fr., J. C . Moraes 760 ( RB) . Paraná: Porto Dom Pedro II: s. loc., 25 February 1911, fl., fr., P . Dusén 11468 ( E, G, K, LE) . Pernambuco: Fernando de Noronha : s. loc., 1887, fl., fr., H. N . Ridley 40 ( BM, K, P) . Piauí: Brasileira: fazenda Jardim , 12 April 2001, fl., fr., J. M . Costa 292 ( HUEFS) . Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos Reis: rodovia Bananal - Angra dos Reis , 19 March 1977, fl., fr., P. E . Gibbs et al. 4596 ( MBM, UEC) . Rio Grande do Norte: Parnamirim : EMPARN , Mata do Jiqui , 29 November 2007, fl., fr., M. P. G . Pinheiro et al. 6 ( UFRN *) . Rio Grande do Sul: Guianuba : s. loc., 17 March 1949, fl., fr., B . Rambo s.n. ( B, BR, FI, K, PACA 40557 ) . Rondônia: Porto Velho: Santa Bárbara: BR-364, Santa Bábara , 23 April 1982, fl., fr., L. O. A . Texeira et al. 681 ( K, RB) . Roraima: Boa Vista: Reserva Ecológica de Maracá, estrada para Rio Urariquera , 12 March 1987, fl., fr., G. P . Lewis

DESMODIUM (LEGUMINOSAE, PAPILIONOIDEAE ) IN BRAZIL

Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press • 31 32 • Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press

LIMA ET AL.

1479 ( E, K). Santa Catarina: Florianópolis: Estrada para Jurecê , próximo à segunda ponte, 11 February 1988, fl., M . L . Souza et al. 1014 ( FLOR, PEL) . São Paulo: Itararé: lado direito do afluente do rio Verde , 11 February 1995, fl., fr., P . H . Miyagi et al. 334 ( BHCB, ESA, MBM, RB) . Sergipe: Aracaju: Praia de Atalaia , 25 January 1992, fl., fr., A . C . Cervi 3622 ( G, MBM) . Tocantins: Ananas: Próximo ao aeroporto, 15 April 2004, fl., fr., G . P . Silva et al. 8639 ( CEN)

Distribution and Ecology:— widespread, occuring in Africa, Central and South America ( Schubert 1980). The species has been collected from north to south Brazil in nearly all habitats.

Conservation Assessment:— LC (Least Concern), not endangered ( IUCN 2001).

Phenology:— flowering and fruiting throughout the year.

Etymology:— from the Latin barbatus (bearded), in reference to the calyces covered in a hirsute indumentum.

Common Name:— amor-do-campo; barba-de-bode-de-praia; barbadinho; carrapicho; chique-chique; pegapega; trevo-da-argentina.

Taxonomic notes:— trifoliate leaves, a short pseudoracemose inflorescence (with the main axis shorter than the leaf that subtends it), and a hirsute calyx, facilitate the recognition of Desmodium barbatum among the other trifoliate–leaved species of Brazil. It is morphologically similar to D. juruenense due to the short pseudoracemose inflorescence and hirsute calyx, but can be differentiated by the trifoliate leaf (vs. unifoliolate) and the arcuate apical loment margin (vs. straight).

Bentham (1859) and Azevedo (1981) cited Hedysarum procumbens Vell. as a synonym of Desmodium barbatum , which is in agreement with the protologue and tabula 150 published by Vellozo (1829, 1831).

Figures

FIGURE 8. Desmodium barbatum. A. Habit. B. Detail of adaxial surface of leaflet. C. Stipules inner surface. D. Calyx inner surface (opened). E. Parts of the corolla from the bottom to top: keel petals, wing petals, and standard. F. Androecium diadelphous (opened). G. Gynoecium. H. Fruit. I. Seed. (A–I: Lima 509).