Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988

Ingrisch, Sigfrid, 2019, Review of the genus Pteranabropsis (Anostostomatidae: Anabropsinae) with description of six new species, Journal of Orthoptera Research 28 (2), pp. 107-124 : 109

Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988

Type species. -

Type species: Anabropsis carli Griffini, 1911.

Description. -

Large to medium sized species (Fig. 1 ). General color dark brown to black with irregular light pattern. Head large, ovoid; forehead subsmooth with very fine transverse striation. Fastigium verticis swollen and elevated, surface smooth, with faint depression along midline; lateral ocelli on lateral surfaces of elevation. Face with fastigium frontis separated by a transverse furrow from fastigium verticis. Pronotum with well-defined rim; without lateral angles separating disc from paranota; with indication of a transverse furrow separating a slightly swollen, dorsally flattened, posterior area from funnel-shaped anterior area; anterior and posterior margins substraight in middle, ventral margins convex; hind margin of paranota with humeral angle simply rounded. Prosternal lobes near base compressed triangular, afterwards long spiniform, thin; mesosternal lobes in basal area wide, afterwards elongate, conical to nearly cylindrical with obtuse tip; metasternal lobes varying between species, forming either a simple, roughly triangular plate or with a long sub-cylindrical apical extension (Fig. 2H ). Abdomen without stridulatory teeth. Wing length varying among species from slightly longer than covering abdomen to largely surpassing knees of stretched hind legs. Venation of tegmen in fully winged species with two radius and two media branches, cubitus anterior with three branches, cubitus posterior undivided, with 5-6 anal veins. In species with shortened wings the number of media and cubitus branches can be reduced. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface; also mid-coxa with a smaller spine at anterior surface. Fore tibiae with large uncovered tympana on both sides (Fig. 6 ). Prothoracic spiracle with three covering valves (Fig. 6D, M, R, V ), slightly larger than meso- and metathoracic spiracles that have only two covering valves (Fig. 6C ). Number of spines on ventral margins of femora and hind tibiae somewhat variable between species. Fore and middle tibiae with 4 pairs of long spines and one pair of apical spurs on ventral margins (Fig. 6 ); anterior tibia with one long spine on dorsal inner and an apical spur on both margins, the inner (anterior) distinctly longer than the outer spine; mid tibia with two spines and one spur on dorsal outer and 2-3 spines and one spur on dorsal inner margins.

Male. Ninth abdominal tergite very short; with two short obtuse expansions on hind margin widely separated from each other. Tenth abdominal tergite also very short, with a pair of upcurved hooks inserted just laterally of the expansions of ninth tergite. Paraprocts with a long roughly cylindrical process, its shape, especially the apical area, varies between species (paraproctal outgrowth, Fig. 3 - 4 ). Epiproct triangular with shallowly grooved or furrowed surface; tip subobtuse. Subgenital plate in widened basal area with upcurved lateral margins; central disc projecting with parallel or slightly diverging and straight or concave lateral margins; styli present (Fig. 2A-G ). Phallus membranous (Fig. 7 ).

Female. Seventh abdominal sternite unmodified, longer than sixth sternite. Subgenital plate triangular with extended apical projection; shape somewhat variable between species (Fig. 5 ). Ovipositor elongate, moderately curved throughout; ventral valves shorter than dorsal valves; tip of dorsal valves obtuse, tip of ventral valves acute but hidden under dorsal valves; medial valves narrow, slightly shorter than ventral valves (Fig. 4L-O ).

Etymology. -

The genus name Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988 is derived from the name Anabropsis Rehn, 1901. The gender of Anabropsis is feminine, this should also apply to Pteranabropsis . However there are three species names with the masculine ending - us: P. carnarius , P. parallelus , and P. infuscatus . The Latin word Pteranabropsis carnarius means "meat eater" and can thus be regarded as noun in apposition. In contrast, the Latin word Pteranabropsis parallelus is an adjective and Pteranabropsis infuscatus a participle. Both names should be emended to the feminine forms P. parallela Wang, Liu & Li, 2015 and P. infuscata Wang, Liu & Li, 2015 ( ICZN 1999, Agreement in gender, Art. 31.2 and 34.2).

Figures

Fig. 1. Habitus dorsal view of Pteranabropsis species. A. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) female; B. P. cuspis sp. nov. male; C-E. P. copia sp. nov. male (C), female from Copia (D), and female from Hoang Lien (E); F. P. angusta sp. nov. male; G. P. bavi sp. nov. female; H. P. guadun sp. nov. female; I. P. pusilla sp. nov. male; J. P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 male. Scales 10 mm.

Fig. 2. A-G. Male subgenital plate; H. Thoracic sternites; I-P. Metasternum of Pteranabropsis species: P. carli (Griffini, 1911) (A, J); P. cuspis sp. nov. (B, H); P. copia from type locality (C, M); P. angusta sp. nov. (D, L); P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 (E, N); P. pusilla sp. nov. (F, O); P. guadun sp. nov. (G, P); P. copia from Hoang Lien (I); P. bavi sp. nov. (K). Abbreviations: c 1 - fore coxa, c 2 - mid coxa, c 3 - hind coxa, s 1 - prosternum, s 2 - mesosternum, s 3 - metasternum, th - throat with lateral hemispherical sclerites and pair of papillae, pr - underside of pronotum. Scales 1 mm.

Fig. 3. Male paraproctal outgrowths in full or only apical area in lateral (A-D, F-G, J-K), apical (E, I, L, M), ventro-apical (H), and dorsal view (N). A-D. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) four males from Tam Dao (A-B), Cuc Phuong (C), and Ngo Luong (D); E-I. P. cuspis sp. nov. two males from Ngo Luong; J-N. P. angusta sp. nov. two males from Cuc Phuong. Scales 1 mm.

Fig. 4. A-K. Male paraproctal outgrowths in full or only apical area in lateral (A-B, E-F, H, J), apical (C-D, G), ventro-apical (I), and oblique apical view (K); L-O. Female abdominal apex with ovipositor in lateral view. A-D. P. copia (2 males); E-G. P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 (two males from Tam Dao, in F the hindmost outgrowth is twisted upside down); H-I. P. pusilla sp. nov.; J-K. P. guadun sp. nov.; L-M. P. copia sp. nov. from Copia (L) and Hoang Lien (M); N. P. bavi sp. nov.; O. P. guadun sp. nov. Scales 1 mm, scale for ovipositor 10 mm.

Fig. 5. Female subgenital plate of A-C. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) from Hoang Lien (A-B) and Tam Dao (C, in oblique view); D-F. P. copia sp. nov. from Hoang Lien (D-E) and Copia (F); G. P. bavi sp. nov.; H. P. pusilla sp. nov.; I. P. guadun sp. nov.; J-K. P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 from Tam Dao (J) and from BaVi (K, abdomen laterally compressed). The white arrows point at the small lateral grooves, constrictions or faint steps of the subgenital plates. Scales 1 mm.

Fig. 6. A-E. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) male from Ngo Luong (A-D) and Tam Dao (E); F-G. P. cuspis sp. nov. male; H-I. P. angusta sp. nov. male; J-M. P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 male (J) and female from Tam Tao (K-L) and from BaVi (M); N-O. P. pusilla sp. nov. female; P-R. P. guadun sp. nov. female; S-V. P. copia sp. nov. female (S-T) and male (U-V) from Copia. - Fore tibia external side (A, F, H, K, N, P, S) and internal side (B, E, G, I-J, L, O, Q, T); thorax in lateral view (C), prothoracic spiracle (D, M, R, V). Abbreviations: c 1 - anterior coxa, ms - mesothoracic pleurites, mt - metathoracic pleurites, s 1 - s 3 - first, second and third thoracic spiracles. Scales for legs and body, 5 mm; for tympana and spiracles, 1 mm.

Fig. 7. Male phallic complex of A-F. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) from Tam Dao (A-B), Cuc Phuong (C-D) and Ngo Luong (E-F); G-H. P. copia sp. nov.; I-J. P. cuspis sp. nov.; K-N. P. angusta sp. nov.; O-P. P. carnarius from Tam Tao; Q-R. P. pusilla sp. nov.; S-T. P. guadun sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, F, G, I, L, M, O, Q, S) and in ventral (D, E, H, J, K, N, O, R, T) view, or in dorsal view with only dorsal lobes flipped proximad, ventral lobe distad (B). Scales 1 mm (all images).