Ceratozamia hondurensis J.L.Haynes, Whitelock, Schutzman & R.S.Adams, The Cycad Newsletter 31 (2/3): 16. 2008
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https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.80382 |
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https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5541FFD4-1AE6-5C36-A5BC-8A46D45871C4 |
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Ceratozamia hondurensis J.L.Haynes, Whitelock, Schutzman & R.S.Adams, The Cycad Newsletter 31 (2/3): 16. 2008 |
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Fig. 15K View Figure 15
Type.
HONDURAS. Atlántida: Mun. Esparta, 0.5 km SE of Jilamo Nuevo along the Rio Jilamito , 13 Apr 1994, A.E. Brand & R. Zúniga 2830, (lectotype, designated here: MO! [acc. # 5943287-5943289]; isolectotype: MEXU! [MEXU01347996-MEXU01347999]) .
Description.
Stems 20-50 cm long, 20 cm in diameter, semi-hypogeous, erect and decumbent. Cataphylls 4.5-7 × 4.5-7.5 cm wide at the base, persistent, triangular, reddish brown, densely brown tomentose at emergence, glabrous at maturity, apex acuminate. Leaves 3-25, 120-322 cm long, ascending, light green at emergence with whitish gray trichomes, glabrous at maturity. Petiole 56-150 cm long, terete, linear, green in mature leaves; with 8-34 thin prickles, 0.26-0.50 cm long. Rachis 80-200 cm long, terete, linear, with prickles, green in mature leaves. Leaflets 10-18 pairs, opposite to subopposite, insertion in one plane, obovate to broadly oblanceolate, in general longitudinally planar, generally not basally falcate, membranaceous, flat, green with adaxial side glabrous and abaxial side glaucous, distal end with entire margins, acuminate and symmetrical at the apex, attenuate at base, with prominent and light-green veins; median leaflets 23-34.5 × 8-12.8 cm, 8.5-16 cm between leaflets; articulations 0.5-1.6 cm wide, green and yellow. Pollen strobili 30-35 cm long, 4-5 cm in diameter, solitary, cylindrical, erect, yellowish green at emergence, yellowish cream with blackish trichomes at maturity; peduncle 2-4 cm long, 2-3 cm in diameter, tomentose, brown; microsporophylls 0.9-1.2 × 0.7-1.2 cm, discoid with a non-recurved distal face and lobate fertile portion, infertile portion 0.52-0.60 cm long, and orbicular and rounded with straight horns 0.18-0.23 cm long, 0.50-0.62 cm and an acute angle between the horns. Ovulate strobili 18-22 cm long, 8-10 cm in diameter, solitary, cylindrical, erect, yellowish green to green with abundant, deep red trichomes at emergence, greenish brown with abundant, blackish trichomes at maturity, mucronate apex; peduncle 5-15 cm long, 1.0-3.0 cm in diameter, erect, tomentose, brown; megasporophylls 72-120, 9-11 orthostichies with 8-11 sporophylls per orthostichy, 1.5-2.5 × 4-5.5 cm, with a prominent distal face, horns curved and 0.60-0.80 cm long, 0.99-1.40 cm between the horns with an acute angle between horns. Seeds 2.1-2.6 cm long, 1.46-1.89 cm in diameter, ovate, sarcotesta whitish yellow to yellow when immature, light brown at maturity.
Distribution and habitat.
Ceratozamia hondurensis is endemic to Honduras in the Atlántida department (Fig. 17D View Figure 17 ), where it grows in evergreen tropical forest between 20-600 m elevation.
Etymology.
The specific epithet alludes to the endemism of the species in Honduras.
Common names.
Honduras. Atlántida: Camotillo ( Haynes et al. 2008).
Uses.
The stems are used to elaborate an infusion for poison animals or people. (L. Martínez-Domínguez et al. 2241). Also, the stems are processed for medicinal purposes ( Bonta et al. 2019).
Preliminary conservation status.
Ceratozamia hondurensis is not listed in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. There is insufficient data on the population’s status of this species, however, it is known that populations have suffered illegal wildlife trade as shown by seizures made at Customs of Honduras.
Discussion.
Ceratozamia hondurensis is similar in leaf morphology to C. euryphyllidia . It differs in its leaflets with a symmetric apex and an entire margin at distal end as compared to the asymmetric apex and sinuate margin at distal end of the leaflets in C. euryphyllidia . Additionally, C. hondurensis differs in reproductive structures; the ovulate strobilus has mucronate apex, whereas in C. euryphyllidia the ovulate strobilus has long (up to 5 cm) acuminate apex.
In protologue, two specimens from " A.E. Brand & R. Zúniga 2830 " were cited as types: holotype in EAP and isotype in MO. The type specimen was not deposited in EAP (the herbarium has no record of this material nor was it found in unprocessed material). In addition, we consulted TEFH, the other herbarium in Honduras, with the same result. However, we found a duplicate specimen in MEXU. Thus, we are here designating the specimen in MO cited as isotype as the lectotype and the specimen at MEXU as the isolectotype.
Specimens examined.
Honduras. Atlántida: Mun. La Ceiba , 225 m, 14 Apr 1996, D.R. Hodel & Schleder 1485 (MO); 217 m, 29 Jul 2003, J. Haynes et al. 47 (TEFH); 151 m, 19 May 2022, L. Martínez-Domínguez et al. 2440, 2443, 2444, 2446-2448 (TEFH). Mun. Tela , 0-500 m, 10 Feb 1994, C. Nelson et al. 17586 (TEFH); 200-500 m, 9 Apr 1994, D.L. Hazlett et al. 8036 (MO); 615 m, 13 Jul 2008, G. Sandoval et al. 1312 (TEFH); 615 m, 31 Jul 2003, J. Haynes et al. 40 (TEFH); Cultivated , 615 m, 16 Mar 2017, L. Ferrufino et al. 777 (TEFH); 163 m, 17 May 2022, L. Martínez-Domínguez et al. 2421, 2423, 2425, 2428-2430 (TEFH).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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