Cylindera (Eugrapha), RIVALIER 1950, RIVALIER, 1950

Putchkov, Alexander V., Markina, Tetiana Yu. & Nitochko, Mariya I., 2019, Larvae of Cylindera (Eugrapha) contorta (Fleutiaux) (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) and general review of larval features in the subgenus Eugrapha, Zootaxa 4664 (3), pp. 412-422 : 421

Key to second and third instar larvae of the subgenus Eugrapha

1 Type I of HY; PNa directed forwards, and not longer than anterior margin of PN, which is slightly prominent; MH less curved in upper third and their tips not reach anterior margin of AT5; central spine of IH evident, but very small. Southeastern Europe , Caucasus and Central Asia. Usually on the sands and close to water basin.............................. C. sublacerata

- Type II of HY; PNa slightly directed laterally; anterior margin of PN distinctly prominent and longer than apices of PNa; MH strongly curved in upper third and their tips reach at least anterior margin of AT5; central spine of IH usually indistinct or absent................................................................................................ 2

2 CT5 and AT5 widely fused on inner margin and partly in contact on external margin; AT5 partly covers inner part of IH ( Fig. 3 ); MH very long and strongly curved above the middle; tips of MH traversing anterior margin of AT5 (third instar larvae) or reaching its anterior margin (second instar larvae) ( Figs. 3 , 7 ); IH 5–6.0 times shorter than MH. PN of 1.53–1.60 (1.55) linear width/length ratio (table 1). Southeastern Europe, Transcaucasia, Minor and Central Asia, West Siberia (south), Mongolia. Sands plots near saline basins.................................................................... C. contorta

- CT5 and AT5 fused on inner margin, but not in contact on external margin; AT5 not reaching IH; MH less curved above the middle; apices of MH reaching its anterior margin only; IH 4,5–5.0 times shorter than MH; CT5 with 16–22 setae in third instar larvae; PN of 1.60–1.76 (1.55) linear width/length ratio (table 1)................................................ 3

3 PN of no more than 1.70 linear width/length ratio; pronotum more narrowed basally................................ 4

- PN of more than 1.68 linear width/length ratio; pronotum less narrowed basally.................................... 5

4 Ridge of PNa with 1–2 setae in second-third instar larvae; CT5 with 15–22 stout setae in second instar and 18–24 stout setae in third instar larvae; LCT5 with 3–4 long setae in second instar and 7–10 long in third instar larvae. Europe. Mainly on the sands, near water reservoirs or far from water bodies....................................................... С. arenaria

- Ridge of PNa with 1–2 seate in second instar and 2–5 setae in third instar larvae; CT5 with less than 13–17 stout setae in second instar and 17–22 stout setae in third instar larvae; LCT5 with 2–3 long setae in second instar and 5–7 long setae in third instar larvae. Far East. Mesohygrophytic meadows and near water bodies........................................ C. elisae

5 Linear width/length ratio of PN 1.55–1.63 (1.60); PNa with 2–3 setae; tip of PY with 12–15 setae; CT5 with 16–18 stout setae. South Europe. Near freshwater and saline bodies................................................... C. trisignata

- Linear width/length ratio of PN 1.64–1.67 (1.66); PNa with 2–4 setae; tip of PY with 15–18 setae; CT5 with 18–20 stout setae. Southeastern Europe and Central Asia. Usually near different freshwater reservoirs........................ C. litterifera

Figures

FIGURES 2–5. Features of third instar larvae of Cylindera (Eugrapha) contorta: 2. Pronotum, left half, dorsal view. 3. Hump, right half, dorso-lateral view. 4. Ninth segment and pygopod of abdomen, dorsal view. 5. Ninth segment and pygopod of abdomen, ventral view.

FIGURES 6–9. Features of second instar larvae of Cylindera (Eugrapha) contorta: 6. Pronotum, left half, dorsal view. 7. Hump, dorso-lateral view. 8. Ninth segment and pygopod of abdomen, dorsal view. 9. Ninth segment and pygopod of abdomen, ventral view.