Araeopteron tibeta, Han & Kononenko, 2021

Han, Hui Lin & Kononenko, Vladimir S., 2021, Three new species of the genus Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Boletobiinae) from the Xizang Autonomous Region, China with an updated list of the world species, ZooKeys 1060, pp. 17-32 : 17

Araeopteron tibeta sp. nov.

Figures 5 , 11 , 13-15

Material examined.

Holotype: male, China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo (= Medog) County , 16-17.iv.2018, H.L. Han, genit. prep. no. hhl-4026-1 (NEFU) . Paratype: 1 male with same data (NEFU) .

Diagnosis.

The new species is similar to A. amoena (Figs 6 , 12 , 13-15 ) by the external appearance and the male genitalia but differs by the more colourful and distinct wing pattern with greyish orange medial part of the forewing and orange for most of the hindwing (in A. amoena the wing pattern and colouration is less distinct and less colourful, with a greyish orange patch in the middle of the hindwing); the forewing basal line in A. tibeta presents as a black dot on the costal margin and continues as a very thin line (in A. amoena only the small black dot at the costal margin is expressed); blackish apical patch distinct (in A. amoena it is indistinct); transverse lines of the forewing distinct (in A. amoena they are indistinct); reniform stigma streak-like, formed with two dots (in A. amoena it presents as a small dot); the hindwing with black triangular apical patch (in A. amoena the triangular apical patch is diffused; fringe paler than in A. amoena ). In the male genitalia, clasper with spine-like harpe, without three small tooth-like extensions present in A. amoena ; the smoothly arched bulge of costa is rather straight posteriorly, slightly constricted anteriorly (in A. amoena it is smooth and slightly curved posteriorly).

Description.

Adult (Fig. 5 ). Wingspan 11.5-12.0 mm. Antennae filiform. Head, patagia, and tegulae covered with white scales; thorax greyish white, with two medial patches of blackish scales. Abdomen greenish brown, mixed with orange. Forewing pale greyish white; apex rather sharp; basal line present only as a black dot at costal margin, its other part diffused, slender; antemedial line brown, wavy, oblique, with brownish yellow patch at costal area; median line double, reddish brown, diffused, wavy, greyish brown between lines, and as distinct blackish dot at costal margin; postmedial line brown, indistinct, wavy, with fracture at costal region; subterminal line only as brown dot at costal margin, in other part fused to apical greyish brown patch; terminal line pale brown to greenish brown, with black dot at vein; reniform stigma dark black, formed by two fused dots; terminal area blackish brown to dark brownish, forms ovoid patch at wing apex; medial part of wing greyish orange brown colouration; fringe grey, mixed with blackish brown, yellow basally. Hindwing greyish orange-yellow; antemedial line blackish brown, broad and distinct; median line reddish brown, indistinct; postmedial line thin, reddish brown, slightly waved, with blackish inner border; subterminal line reddish brown, slightly waved; terminal area, terminal line, and fringe same colour as on forewing; discal spot dark black, formed with two dots.

Male genitalia (Fig. 11 ). Tegumen triangular posteriorly, thick, curved, broad anteriorly. Paratergal sclerits large, but smaller than in related A. amoena . Vinculum thick, sclerotised, flat, U-shaped, broad band-like posteriorly. Saccus U-shaped, membranous. Valva constricted at 1/3 from base; sacculus thick, sclerotised, gradually constricted to broad medial part, rounded apically, and exceeding cucullus; clasper fused to sacculus, with pointed, sclerotised tapered harpe, placed ca 3/5 length from base of valva; costa slightly sclerotised, minutely granulated, thin basally, gradually arched and extended to swollen, membranous middle part. Uncus short, as long as 1/2 of tegumen, thin, slightly curved apically. Juxta large, plate-like sclerotisation posteriorly. Aedeagus long, cylindrical, slightly curved, weakly sclerotised, carina with very short spines; coecum as long as ca 1/2 aedeagus; vesica with weakly sclerotised patch of minute spines medially.

Female genitalia. Female unknown.

Distribution.

(Fig. 13 ). The species is known only from its type locality: China, Xizang Autonomous Region (Tibet), Motuo (= Medog) County.

Etymology.

The species name refers to Tibet.

Bionomics.

(Figs 14 , 15 ). The new species has been collected in Motuo County of Xizang in April in the intermediate zone between subtropical rain forest and broad-leaf forest zones, at an altitude of 1121 m.

Checklist of the genus Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 of the world

Araeopteron acidalica (Hampson, 1910), "Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum" 10: 22, fig. 9 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Jamaica, Moneagaue.

Araeopteron adeni Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, " Esperiana " 8: 578, Pl. 28: 8. Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Abyan, 50 km NE Aden, 7 km NNW Zinjibar, 50 m.

Araeopteron alboniger Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, " Esperiana " 8: 581, Pl. 28: 14, 15. Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Ibb, Lower Wadi Duur, village Azuhirya, 1300 m.

Araeopteron amoena Inoue, 1958, “Tinea” 4: 230, fig. 2. Type locality: Japan, Kangawa Pref., Chigasaki.

Araeopteron aulombardi Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, " Esperiana " 8: 580, Pl. 28: 12, 13. Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Ibb, Wadi Merhab, village Lajajil, 1600 m.

Araeopteron betie (Dyar, 1914), "Procceedings of the United States National Museum" 47: 184 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Panama, Trinidad.

Araeopteron canescens (Walker, 1866), "Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum" 34: 1318 (? Isopteryx ). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Moreton Bay.

= favillalis (Walker, [1866]), "Illustrations of Typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum" 34: 1319 (? Isopteryx ). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Moreton Bay.

Araeopteron dawai Han & Kononenko, sp. nov., “ZooKeys” (present publication). Type locality: China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo County.

Araeopteron diehli Fibiger, 2002, " Heterocera Sumatrana" 12.3: 129. Type locality: Sumatra, S Medan, Dolok Merengir ( Simarsopa ) 170 m.

Araeopteron ecphaea (Hampson, 1914), "Annals and Magazine of Natural History" (8)13: 167 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Nigeria, Faro.

Araeopteron elam (Schaus, 1911), "Annals and Magazine of Natural History" (8)8: 108 ( Acidaliodes ). Type locality: Costa Rica, Juan Vinas.

Araeopteron epiphracta (Turner, 1902), "Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales" 27: 132 ( Thelxinoa ). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Brisbane.

Araeopteron fasciale (Hampson, 1896), "The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Moths" 4: 543 ( Araeopterum ). Type locality: Sri Lanka.

Araeopteron flaccida Inoue, 1958, “Tinea” 4: 229, Pl. 32: 1. Type locality: Japan, Kanagawa Pref., Chigasaki.

Araeopteron fragmenta Inoue, 1965, “Tinea” 7: 81, Pl. 15: 5A, 5B. Type locality: Japan, Kanagawa Pref., Fujisawa.

Araeopteron goniophora Hampson, 1907, "Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" 17: 670. Type locality: Sri Lanka, Nawalpitiya.

Araeopteron griseata Hampson, 1907, "Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" 17: 670. Type locality: Sri Lanka.

Araeopteron imbecilla (Turner, 1933), "Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia" 57: 161 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Australia, North Queensland, Babinda.

Araeopteron koreana Fibiger & Kononenko 2008, "Zootaxa" 1891: 50, Figs 11, 18. Type locality: South Korea, Pyounchang GW, Moonsen-ri.

Araeopteron kurokoi Inoue, 1958, “Tinea” 4: 230. Type locality: Japan, Fukoka Pref., Hikosan Mt.

Araeopteron legraini Bippus, 2018; “Phelsuma” 26: 23; Type locality: Réunion, La Possession, 400 m.

Araeopteron leucoplaga (Hampson, 1910), "Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum" 10: 29, Pl. 149: 19 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Borneo, Pulo Laut.

Araeopteron makikoae Fibiger & Kononenko 2008, "Zootaxa" 1891: 49, Figs 7, 8, 16, 24, 29. Type locality: Russia, Primorye terr., Gornotaezhnoe.

Araeopteron medogensis Han & Kononenko, sp. nov., “ZooKeys” (present publication). Type locality: China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo County.

Araeopteron micraeola (Meyrick, 1902, April), "Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" 35: 36 ( Essonistis ). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Brisbane.

= calliscia Turner, 1902 ( Thelxinoa ), "Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales". Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Brisbane.

Araeopteron microclyta (Turner, 1920), "Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia" 44: 161 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Australia, North Queensland, Kuranda.

Araeopteron minimale Freyer, 1912, "Transactions of the Linnaean Society of London (Zool.)" 15(1): 11. Type locality: Seychelles, Mahe.

Araeopteron nebulosa Inoue, 1965, “Tinea” 7: 82, pl, 15: 4A, 4B. Type locality: Japan, Shizouka Pref., Odaru Spa.

Araeopteron nivalis Hampson, 1907, "Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" 17: 671. Type locality: Sri Lanka, Paradeniya.

Araeopteron obliquifascia (Joanis, 1910), "Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France" 1910: 201 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Mauritius, Curepipa.

Araeopteron papaziani Guillermet, 2009; “L’Entomologiste” 65 (3): 121; Type locality: Réunion, Les Avirons 250 m.

Araeopteron pictale Hampson, 1893, "Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum" 9: 33, 137, Pl. 168: 19. Type locality: Sri Lanka, Pundaloya.

Araeopteron pleurotypa (Turner, 1902), "Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales" 27: 133 ( Thelxinoa ). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Cairns, Townsville.

Araeopteron poliobapta (Turner, 1925), "Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia" 44: 39 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Montville.

Araeopteron poliophaea (Hampson, 1910), "Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum" 10: 29, Pl. 149: 20 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Sri Lanka, Maskeliya.

Araeopteron proleuca Hampson, 1907, "Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" 17: 671. Type locality: India, Sri Lanka.

Araeopteron rufescens (Hampson, 1910), "Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum" 10: 27, Pl. 149: 17 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Sri Lanka, Kegalle.

Araeopteron schreieri Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, " Esperiana " 8: 579, Pl. 28: 10, 11. Type locality: Yemen, 36, Prov. Al Hudaydah, Jabal Burra, 25 km SE Bajil, 600 m.

Araeopteron sterrhaoides (Fibiger & Hacker, 2001), " Esperiana " 8: 582: Pl. 28: 16, 17 ( Araeopterella ). Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Sanaa, Jabal Raymah, 25 km E Al Mansuriyah, Wadi Bullbull, 2 km SE Khansa, 700 m.

Araeopteron tibeta Han & Kononenko, sp. nov., “ZooKeys” (present publication). Type locality: China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo County.

Araeopteron vilhelmina (Dyar, 1916), "Proceedings of the United States National Museum" 51: 18 ( Araeoptera ). Type locality: Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa.

Araeopteron xanthopis Hampson, 1907, "Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" 17: 672. Type locality: Sri Lanka, Haldamulla.

Araeopteron yemeni Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, " Esperiana " 8: 577, Pl. 8: 4. Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Sanaa, Jabal Raymah, 25 km E Al Mansuriyah, Wadi Bullbull, 2 km SE Khansa, 700 m.

Figures

Figures 1 - 6. Adults of Araeopteron spp. 1 A. dawai sp. nov. holotype 2 A. rufescens. Malaysia, Borneo 3 A. medogensis sp. nov. holotype 4 A. ussurica (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008) 5 A. tibeta sp. nov. holotype 6 A. amoena (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008).

Figures 7 - 12. Male genitalia of Araeopteron spp. 7 A. dawai sp. nov. holotype, gen. prep. no. hhl- 4010 - 1 8 A. rufescens, Malaysia, Borneo, gen. prep. no. hhl- 4587 - 1 9 A. medogensis sp. nov. holotype, gen. prep. no. hhl- 4022 - 1 10 A. ussurica (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008) 11 A. tibeta sp. nov. holotype, gen. prep. no. hhl- 4026 - 1 12 A. amoena (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008).

Figures 13 - 15. The map (13) and habitat (14, 15) of Araeopteron spp. in the Xizang Autonomous Region, China