Monolepta bioculata ( Fabricius, 1781 )

Wagner, Thomas, 2007, Monolepta Chevrolat, 1837, the most speciose galerucine taxon: redescription of the type species Monolepta bioculata (Fabricius, 1781) and key to related genera from (Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera), Journal of Natural History 41 (1 - 4), pp. 81-100 : 84-89

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930601127384
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/582FF16E-D745-FFB4-C67D-FB0FFBBCFA4B
treatment provided by	Carolina
scientific name	Monolepta bioculata ( Fabricius, 1781 )
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Redescription of Monolepta bioculata ( Fabricius, 1781)

Crioceris bioculata Fabricius, 1781, p. 154 .

Chrysomela quadrimaculata Goldfuss, 1805, p. 42 ; Gemminger & Harold (1876, p. 3593); Wilcox (1973, p. 533).

Monolepta bioculata ( Fabricius, 1781) : Chevrolat (1837, p. 407).

Monolepta tricolor Fairmaire, 1888, p. 222 ; Weise (1902, p. 404), Wilcox (1973, p. 533).

Total length. 4.8–6.2 mm (0: 5.50 mm; n 516).

Head. Red to reddish-yellow, palpi brown to black, maxillary palpi slender, labial palpi very short ( Figure 1a View Figures 1–3 ). Distance of antennal grooves to each other much larger than distance to eye ( Figure 1b View Figures 1–3 ). Second and third antennomere short, approximately of same length, in males short ( Figure 2a View Figures 1–3 ) in females more elongated ( Figure 2b View Figures 1–3 ), antennomeres 4–11 about 2.5 times longer than broad at apex ( Figure 3 View Figures 1–3 ). Length of second to third antennomere 0.83–1.00 (0: 0.93), length of third to fourth antennomere 0.36–0.46 (0: 0.42). Antennomeres 1–3 yellowish-red to red ( Figure 8a View Figures 8–9 ), sometimes also proximal half of fourth antennomere red ( Figure 8b View Figures 8–9 ), other antennomeres dark brown to black ( Figure 8 View Figures 8–9 ).

Thorax. Yellowish-red to red, pronotum broad, posteriorly slightly enlarged ( Figure 4a View Figures 4–5 ). Pronotal width 1.80–2.10 mm (0: 1.94 mm), pronotal length to width 0.51–0.55 (0: 0.53). Prosternal processus posteriorly widened, prothoracic coxal cavities open ( Figure 4b View Figures 4–5 ). Mesosternum slender, metasternum very broad ( Figure 5 View Figures 4–5 ). Scutellum yellow to brownishred ( Figures 8 and 9 View Figures 8–9 ). Basi-metatarsomere about two times longer than second and third tarsomere of metatarsus together ( Figure 6c View Figures 6–7 ). Legs yellowish-red, in about 30% of material examined, tibia black. Hindwings fully developed, venation like Figure 7 View Figures 6–7 . Elytra ovate, broad ( Figure 8 View Figures 8–9 ); elytral length 4.10–4.70 mm (0: 4.43 mm), maximal width of both elytra 2.90–3.30 mm (0: 3.09 mm), maximal width of elytra to length of elytron 0.67–0.72 (mean: 0.70), greatest elytral width in the middle. Elytra yellow to brownish-red, each with two large yellow spots which usually have (in 70% of material examined) broad black margins which are incomplete at the basal spot ( Figure 8a View Figures 8–9 ); in some specimens the black margins are very narrow ( Figure 8b View Figures 8–9 ) but at least at the humerus with a significant black spot ( Figures 8 and 9 View Figures 8–9 ).

Abdomen. Reddish-brown, rarely dark brown to black.

Female genitalia (overview Figure 10 View Figures 10–12 ). Spermathecal cornu slender, slightly curved, middle part short, nodulus spherical, large ( Figure 11 View Figures 10–12 ). Ventral part of bursa sclerites slender, finely undulate at outer margins ( Figure 12a View Figures 10–12 ), dorsal pair triangular, hooked at base

( Figure 12b View Figures 10–12 ), ovipositor with slender vaginal palps ( Figures 13 and 14 View Figures 13–15 ), eighth sternite spatula-like with a row of bristles at apex ( Figures 13 and 15 View Figures 13–15 ).

Male genitalia (overview Figure 16 View Figures 16–17 ). Seventh sternite with two deep incisions at apex ( Figure 17 View Figures 16–17 ). Median lobe straight, slightly conical, rounded at apex ( Figure 18a View Figures 18–19 ), dorsoventrally compressed ( Figure 18b View Figures 18–19 ). Tectum broad, short, not reaching the apex of the median lobe ( Figure 18a View Figures 18–19 ). Endophallus with three distinct types of spiculae: ventral endophallic spiculae small, comb-like; median spiculae long, slender, straight; lateral spiculae slender, with claw-like small spine medially. During copulation the endophallic sac is extruded outside the median lobe and spiculae turned inside out ( Figure 19 View Figures 18–19 ).