Mutillini, Latreille, 1802

Lelej, Arkady S., Williams, Kevin A., Terine, Joshua B., Okayasu, Juriya, Parikh, Grishma R. & Kumar, Girish P., 2023, Review of the tribe Mutillini (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) from the Oriental Region, Zootaxa 5228 (4), pp. 455-476 : 457-458

Key to the Oriental genera and species of tribe Mutillini

Males (unknown in Kurzenkotilla ariana , K. indica , K. niveosignata , K. scrobiculata , K. visrara , Standfussidia taprobane , Storozhenkotilla binghami , and K. cicatricifera )

1. Mandible strongly dilated apically, tridentate; clypeus with sparse short setae, not obscuring sculpture ( China, Japan, Korea, Russia)................................................................... Mutilla mikado Cameron, 1900

- Mandible not strongly dilated apically, clearly bidentate; clypeus with long dense setae, obscuring sculpture, at least mesally ................................................................................................... 2

2 (1). Frons, vertex, and pronotum pale reddish orange; clypeus with especially long and dense setae that cover mandibles; ventral setae of paramere especially dense and long ( Laos, Thailand, Vietnam)...................... 3 ( Kurzenkotilla , in part)

- Head and mesosoma more extensively blackened, with at least pronotum blackened laterally; clypeal setae not so long, usually not covering mandibles; ventral paramere setae shorter and sparser ( India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka)................ 4

3 (2). Pale metasomal setae predominantly silver; T2 disc lacking basolateral circular patch of appressed setae; fringes of T4–5 with setae entirely black ( Thailand, Vietnam)............................................. K. annamensis Lelej, 2005

- Pale metasomal setae usually predominantly golden; T2 disc with basolateral circular patch of appressed golden setae; fringes of T4–5 with scattered pale golden setae ( Laos, Thailand).................... K. harmandi (André, 1898) , comb. nov.

4 (2). Anterior border of clypeus strongly emarginated and bordered by strong tubercle; clypeus with long dense golden setae; T1–3(4) posterad with narrow band of golden setae; T7 not angulate lateroapically; T7 densely punctate throughout ( India, Sri Lanka)......................................................... Storozhenkotilla aurofasciata (André, 1907)

- Anterior border of clypeus shallowly concave and bordered by weak tubercle; clypeus with sparse yellowish or whitish setae; T1–3(4) posterad with narrow band or fringe of whitish or yellowish setae; T7 angulate lateroapically; T7 densely punctate, medially partly smooth................................................................................ 5

5 (4). Mesosoma totally black; metasoma strongly violaceous ( India)................ Storozhenkotilla nathani Lelej , sp. nov.

- Mesosoma black with ferruginous-red mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, and pronotum dorsally; metasoma weakly violaceous.................................................................................. 6 ( Kurzenkotilla , in part)

6 (5). Fore wing with distal portion dark brown-violaceous, basally yellow-brown; T7 medially with wide smooth basal area and carinated apical triangle ( India, Nepal)............................... K. rufodorsata ( Cameron, 1897) , comb. nov.

- Fore wing uniformly pale brown; T7 medially with narrow basal smooth line and weakly carinated apical triangle ( India, Pakistan)......................................................... K. semiviolacea (André, 1896) , comb. nov.

Females (unknown in Kurzenkotilla rufodorsata , K. semiviolacea , and Storozhenkotilla nathani )

1. T2 disc with setae uniformly black basally, without appressed whitish or golden setal patches; T6 with no trace of pygidial plate, uniformly punctate and covered with short whitish setae ( China, Japan, Korea, Russia)................................................................................................... Mutilla mikado Cameron, 1900

- T2 disc with appressed patch or patches of whitish or golden setae in the basal half; T6 with apparent pygidial plate, mesally mostly bare, sculpture rugose, shagreened, or smooth....................................................... 2

2 (1). T2 basally with one mesal spot of white setae; T6 with flat elongate pygidial plate defined throughout its length by lateral carinae ( Sri Lanka)...................................................... Standfussidia taprobane Lelej, 2005

- T2 basally with transverse pale band or with two ovate pale spots disposed transversely; T6 generally convex, at most with weakly defined pygidial plate having short carinae lateroapically.............................................. 3

3 (2). Promesonotal suture carinated and distinct; dorsal and lateral pronotal surfaces separated by thick raised oblique carina; T2 disc with complete transverse band of golden setae, confluent with golden T1 fringe ( India, Sri Lanka).................................................................................. Storozhenkotilla aurofasciata (André, 1907)

- Promesonotal suture not carinated, indistinct; dorsal and lateral pronotal surfaces not separated by thick raised carina; T2 disc with mesally interrupted transverse band, with separated discal spots disposed transversely, or with mesally constricted transverse band that is separated from black T1 fringe mesally................................................ 4

4 (3). T2 disc with mesally interrupted transverse band of golden setae basally, band confluent with golden T1 fringe; pygidial plate weakly rugose, defined by distinct short lateral carinae................................. 5 ( Storozhenkotilla , in part)

- T2 disc with white or golden setal patches usually separated from T1 fringe; if T2 patches or band confluent with T1 fringe, then T1 fringe composed of black setae mesally; pygidial plate smooth or obscurely shagreened, with lateral carina indistinct or obliterated; head as wide or wider than mesosoma........................................... 6 ( Kurzenkotilla )

5 (4). Head dorsally reddish-orange, mesosoma laterally blackish with dorsomesal redish-orange area, densely areolate-punctate dorsally ( India).................................................................. S. binghami ( Lelej, 2005)

- Head mostly black with obscure reddish-brown dorsal area; mesosoma entirely black, coarsely rugoso-punctate dorsally ( India, Sri Lanka). S. binghami ( Lelej, 2005) , comb. nov. ( Mutilla valida Cameron, 1897 , nom. praeocc., non Smith, 1855)

6 (4). Head orange-brown; T2 disc with golden patches large or confluent, distance between spots less than their diameter or spots confluent; T2 fringe and T3 with wide band of golden setae................................................... 7

- Head black; T2 basally with two small spots of yellowish setae, distance between spots 1.5 × their diameter; T2 fringe mostly composed of black setae, T3 with two separated patches of whitish or yellowish setae............................. 10

7 (6). T2 disc with mesally constricted transverse band of golden setae ( India)........ K. cicatricifera (André, 1894) , comb. nov.

- T2 disc with two separated spots of golden setae........................................................... 8

8 (7). Mandible bidentate; F1 1.75 × F2; legs concolorous with pale orange-brown mesosoma ( Afghanistan).................................................................................. K. ariana (Lelej in Lelej & Kabakov, 1980)

- Mandible apparently tridentate, middle tooth blunt and somewhat confluent with lower tooth; F1 1.5 × F2; legs generally darker than mesosoma (Southeastern Asia)................................................................ 9

9 (8). Basal spots larger, distance between them ~0.3 × their diameter; mesosoma scarcely longer than wide with propodeum and mesonotum of similar widths ( Thailand, Vietnam)..................................... K. annamensis Lelej, 2005

- Basal spots smaller, distance between them ~0.6 × their diameter; mesosoma clearly longer than wide with propodeum laterally expanded ( Laos, Thailand)....................................................... K. harmandi (André, 1898)

10 (6). T1 dorsally with black setae ( India, Nepal)...................................... K. scrobiculata ( Hammer, 1962)

- T1 dorsally with more or less dense orange setae.......................................................... 11

11 (10). T1 dorsally with dense ferruginous setae; S2 with three longitudinal carinae, lateral ones ending apically by tubercle; T4 generally with two spots of whitish setae, often sparser than those on T3 ( India, Pakistan)... K. niveosignata (André, 1899)

- T1 dorsally with sparser ferruginous setae; S2 without three longitudinal carinae; T4 at most with scattered whitish setae ( India, Sri Lanka).............................................................. K. visrara ( Cameron, 1898)