Apterodela, Rivalier, 1950

Matalin, Andrey V., Wiesner, Jürgen, Xiong, Xinxin & Araki, Takashi, 2024, Revision of the genus Apterodela Rivalier, 1950 (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae), Zootaxa 5405 (3), pp. 301-353 : 337-339

Identification key to the species of Apterodela

1(2) Wingless ( Fig. 143 ). Pronotum indistinctly longitudinal or sub-quadrate ( Figs 103–135, 138–140 ), PW / PL = 0.81–1.09. Elytra with or without subapical sinuate notch, shoulders narrow and sloping ( Figs 153–179, 183–189 , 193–212 ), EW/EHW = 1.41– 1.86. Internal sac with cylindrical and sharp medial tooth (Figs Figs 237–241 , 251–255 , 258–262 , 265, 267, 271 )....................................................................................... Apterodela Rivalier, 1950 (5)

2(1) Winged ( Figs 144, 145 ). Pronotum clearly transverse ( Figs 136, 137, 141, 142 ), PW / PL = 1.1–1.22. Elytra always without subapical sinuate notch, shoulders wide and rectangular ( Figs 180–182, 190–192 ), EW/EHW = 1.2–1.4. Internal sac with flatt and blunt medial tooth ( Figs 242, 243 , 256, 257 , 263, 264 ).......................... Protoapterodela subgen. nov. (3)

3(4) Labrum indistinctly tridentate ( Figs 96, 101 ). Metathorax and metepisternum dense and evenly pubescent ( Fig. 151 ). Middle band complete, slightly sinuate, with short lateral portion; supra-apical dot large, oval, or comma-shaped; sub-humeral dot absent ( Figs 180, 181, 190, 191 ). BLL and BLR virtually undeveloped ( Figs 242 , 249 , 256 , 263 ). China: Taiwan..................................................................................... A. (P.) shirakii (W. Horn, 1927)

4(3) Labrum clearly tridentate ( Figs 97, 102 ). Metathorax and metepisternum glabrous ( Fig. 152 ). Middle band incomplete, presented by small basal portion; sub-humeral dot small; apical dot absent, sometimes white elytral pattern completely undeveloped ( Figs 182, 192 ). BLL and BLR vell developed ( Figs 243 , 250 , 257 , 264 ). USA............. A. (P.) unipunctata ( Fabricius, 1775)

5(6) Metepisternum sparsely pubescent ( Fig. 146 ). Labrum in males tridentate ( Figs 83, 84 ). Supra-apical dot large, comma-shaped; sub-humeral dot absent; elytra of females with black sub-sutural dot in basal third ( Figs 153, 154, 163, 164 ). Japan................................................................................... A. (A.) ovipennis ( Bates, 1883)

6(5) Metepisternum glabrous ( Figs 147–150 ). Labrum in males unidentate ( Figs 63–67, 73–77 , 85–87, 93–95, 99 ). Supra-apical dot often absent, rarely small; sub-humeral dot small or virtually invisible; elytra of females without black sub-sutural dot in basal third. China......................................................................................... 7

7(8) Elytra with deep sinuate subapical notch, especially in males ( Figs 193–212 ).................................... 11

8(7) Elytra with shallow or virtually undeveloped subapical notch ( Figs 155–162, 165–179, 183–189 )........................................................................................... A. (A.) bivirgulata ( Fairmaire, 1889) (9)

9(10) Apical portion of middle band larger, predominantly rounded ( Figs 155–162, 165–172 ); body less convex (Fig, 277)............................................................................ A. (A.) b. bivirgulata ( Fairmaire, 1889)

10(9) Apical portion of middle band smaller, often elongato-transverse ( Figs 173–179, 183–189 ); body more convex (Fig, 277).............................................................................. A. (A.) b. occidentalis ssp. nov.

11(12) Scape with 1–4 short setae except apical one ( Figs 57, 58 ). White elytral pattern consists of relatively long thin and distinctly sinuate centro-apical portion of middle band ( Fig. 202, 212 ). Aedeagus with relatively long and broad apex ended by small, rounded knob ( Figs 224 , 234 ); internal sac with large, sharply curved mt and large BLR ( Figs 241 , 255 , 262 ).......................................................................................... A. (A.) alopecomma sp. nov.

12(11) Scape except apical seta glabrous ( Figs 51–56 ). White elytral pattern consists of short drop-shaped apical portion of middle band ( Figs 193–201, 203–211 ). Aedeagus with elongate, cylindrical, or slightly broadened apex ended by large, rounded knob ( Figs 220–222 , 232, 233 ) or without it ( Fig. 223 ); internal sac with straight mt and small BLR Figs 239, 240 , 253, 254 , 260, 261 ).............................................................................................. 13

13(14) Elytra with weakly rounded lateral margins ( Figs 193–198, 201 ), longer and narrower, EW/EHW = 1.46–1.76. Aedeagus shorter, EL/AL = 1.9–2.26, apex with rounded knob ( Figs 220–222 )........................................... 15

14(13) Elytra with clearly rounded lateral margins ( Figs 199, 200 ), shorter and wider, EW/EHW = 1.71–1.78. Aedeagus longer, EL/AL = 1.88–2.04, apex without knob ( Fig. 223 )............................................... A. (A.) latissima sp.nov.

15(16) Labrum longer, LW/LL = 1.2–2.0 ( Figs 93, 98 ). Pronotum with straight sides evenly converged to base ( Figs 133, 138 ). Elytra flatter, TL/BH = 3.53–4.59, with deep subapical notch ( Figs 201, 211 ). Aedeagus shorter, EL/AL = 2.14–2.26, with short straight apex and long lateral flanks ( Figs 222 , 233 )............................... A. (A.) kazantsevi ( Matalin, 2001)

16(15) Labrum shorter, LW/LL = 1.5–2.4 ( Figs 85–87, 90–92 ). Pronotum with virtually subparallel lateral margins distinctly converging before hind angles ( Figs 124–127, 129–132 ). Elytra more convex, TL/BH = 3.62–4.78, with shallower subapical notch ( Figs 193–198, 203–210 ). Aedeagus longer, EL/AL = 1.9–2.17, with longer apex and short lateral flanks ( Figs 220, 221 , 232 )............................................................................... A. (A.) lobipennis ( Bates, 1888)

Figures

FIGURES 143–145. Apterodela spp., right hind wings: 143—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island); 144—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 145—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan): 1—male; 2, 3—females.

FIGURES 103–122. Apterodela (s. str.) bivirgulata ssp., pronotum: 103–112—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (103—China, Ngan-Hoeï; 104, 105, 109—China, Jiangsu, Chin-Kiang; 106—China, Kiangsu [= Jiangsu]; 107, 112—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island; 108—China, Shandong, Ho-Chan; 110—China, Henan, Hui-Xian; 111—China, Jiangsu, Nanjing); 113–122—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (113—China, Gansu, Hoei-Sienn; 114, 118, 119—China, Gansu, Hweisin; 115, 120— China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 116, 121—China, Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu-Ye; 117, 122—China, Sichuan, Daheishan); 103–107, 113–117—males; 108–112, 118–122—females; 103, 118—holotypes; 113–117, 119–122—paratypes.

FIGURES 123–142. Apterodela spp., pronotum: 123, 128,—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (123—Japan, Honsu, Mooka; 128—Japan, Itoigawa city, Agero); 124–127, 129–132—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (124—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 125—China, Hubei, Ichang; 126—China, Kiang-Si [= Jiangxi]; 127, 132—China, Hubei, Enshi; 129—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 130—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan; 131—China, Kiang-Si [= Jiangxi], Yao-chow); 133, 138—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (133—China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan; 138—China, Jiangxi, Wufugang); 134, 139—A. latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 135, 140— A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (135—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 140— China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 136, 141—A. (Protopterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 137, 142—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 123–127, 133–137, 139—males; 128–132, 138, 140–142—females; 133–135—holotypes; 139, 140—paratypes.

FIGURES 153–172. Apterodela (s. str.) spp., left elytron: 153, 154, 163, 164—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (153, 163—Japan, Sado; 154, 164—Japan, Honsu, Mooka); 155–162, 165–172—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (155—China, Ngan-Hoeï; 156, 157, 166, 167—China, Jiangsu, Chin-Kiang; 158—China, Kiangsu [= Jiangsu]; 159, 169, 170 China, Jiangsu, Nanjing; 160—China, Jiangxi, Lushan; 161—China, Hubei, Wuhan; 162, 172—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island; 165—China, Shandong, Ho-Chan; 168—China, Henan, Hui-Xian; 171—China, Jiangsu, Hushukuan); 153–162—males; 163–172—females; 153—lectotype; 155—holotype; 163—paralectotype.

FIGURES 173–192. Apterodela spp., left elytron: 173–179, 183–189—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (173— China, Kansu, eastern part of Kuku nor; 183, 184—China, Gansu, Hweisin; 174, 175, 185—China, Gansu, Hoei-Sienn; 176 – China, Henan, Donghe-cun; 177, 187—China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 178, 188—China, Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu-Ye; 186—China, Gansu, Wangziguan; 179, 189—China, Sichuan, Daheishan); 180, 181, 190, 191—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (180—China,Taiwan,Tattka;190—China,Taiwan,Roeichi;181, 191—China,Taiwan,Alishan);182,192—A.(Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 173–182—males; 183–192—females; 183— holotypes; 173–175, 178, 179, 184–189—paratypes; 180—lectotype; 190—paralectotype.

FIGURES 193–212. Apterodela (s. str.) spp., left elytron:193–198, 203–210—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (193—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 194, 206—China, Hubei, Ichang; 195–197, 207, 208—China, Hubei, Enshi; 198—China, Kiang-Si [= Jiangxi], Yaochow; 203–205—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 209—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan; 210—China, Zhejiang, Dapanshan); 199, 200— A. (s. str.) latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 201, 211—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 202, 212—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (202—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 212—China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 193–202—males; 203–212—females; 199, 201, 202—holotypes; 200, 212—paratypes; 203—neotype.

FIGURES 237–243. Apterodela spp., internal sack, dorsal view: 237—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (Japan, Itoigawa, Agero); 238—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (China, Chin Kiang); 239—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 240—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (China, Hubei, Enshi); 241—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan); 242—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 243—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P., Greenbrier Cove); 239, 241—paratypes. Without scales. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 251–257. Apterodela spp., internal sac, right lateral view: 251—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (Japan, Itoigawa, Agero); 252—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (China, Chin Kiang); 253—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 254— A. (s. str.) lobipennis (China, Hubei, Enshi); 255—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan); 256—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 257—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P., Greenbrier Cove); 253, 255—paratypes. Without scales. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 258–264. Apterodela spp., internal sack, ventral view: 258—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (Japan, Itoigawa, Agero); 259—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (China, Chin Kiang); 260—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 261—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (China, Hubei, Enshi); 262—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan); 263—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 264—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P., Greenbrier Cove); 260, 262—paratypes. Without scales. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 265–272. Apterodela (s. str.) bivirgulata ssp., internal sac: 265–268—A. bivirgulata bivirgulata (China, Chin Kiang); 269–272—A. bivitgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (China, Kansou, Hoei-Sien); 265, 269—dorsal view; 266, 270—left lateral view; 267, 271—right lateral view; 265, 272—ventral view; 269–272—paratypes. Without scales. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 83–102. Apterodela spp., labrum: 83, 84, 88, 89—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (83, 88—Japan, Itoigawa city, Agero; 84, 89—Japan, Honsu, Mooka); 85–87, 90–92—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (85—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 86—China, Hubei, Ichang; 87, 92—China, Hubei, Enshi; 90—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 91—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan); 93, 98—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (93—China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan; 98—China, Jiangxi, Wufugang); 94, 99—A. (s. str.) latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 95, 100—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (95—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 100—China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 96, 101—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 97, 102—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 83–87, 93–97, 99—males; 88–92, 98, 100–102—females; 90—neotype; 93–95—holotypes; 99, 100—paratypes.

FIGURES 146–152. Apterodela spp., series umbilicata and metepisternum, right lateral view:146—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (Honsu, Mooka); 147—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (China, Henan, Hui-Xian); 148—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (China, Hubei, Ichang); 149—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 150—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan); 151—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 152—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P., Greenbrier Cove); 146, 148–152—males; 147—female; 149, 150—holotypes. Without scales.

FIGURES 244–250. Apterodela spp., internal sac, left lateral view: 244—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (Japan, Itoigawa, Agero); 245— A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (China, Chin Kiang); 246—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 247—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (China, Hubei, Enshi); 248—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan); 249—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 250—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P., Greenbrier Cove); 246, 248—paratypes. Without scales. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 63–82. Apterodela (s. str.) bivirgulata ssp., labrum: 63–72—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (63—China, Kiangsu [= Jiangsu]; 64, 69—China, Jiangsu, Chin-Kiang; 65, 66, 70, 71—China, Jiangsu, Nanjing; 67, 72—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island; 68—China, Shandong, Ho-Chan); 73–82—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (73, 78—China, Gansu, Hweisin; 74—China, Gansu, Hoei-Sienn; 75, 80—China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 76, 81—China, Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu- Ye; 79—China, Gansu, Wangziguan; 77, 82—China, Sichuan, Daheishan); 63–67, 73–77—males; 68–72, 78–82—females; 78—holotype; 73–77, 79–82—paratypes.

FIGURES 49–62. Apterodela spp., head: 49, 50—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (49—Japan, Honsu, Mooka; 50—Japan, Itoigawa city, Agero); 51–53—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (51—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 52—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 53—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan); 54, 55—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (54—China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan; 55—China, Jiangxi, Wufugang); 56—A. (s. str.) latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 57, 58—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (57—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 58—China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 59, 60—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 61, 62— A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 49, 52, 54, 56, 57, 59, 61—males; 50, 51, 53, 55, 58, 60, 62—females; 51—neotype; 54, 56, 57—holotypes; 58—paratype.

FIGURES 213–226. Apterodela spp., aedeagus, left lateral view: 213—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (Japan, Itoigawa, Agero); 214, 215—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (214—China, Jiangxi, Lushan; 215—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island); 216–219—A. (s. str.) bivitgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (216 – China, Kansou, Hoei-Sien; 217—China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 218— China, Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu-Ye; 219—China, Sichuan, Daheishan); 220, 221—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (220—China, Chang Yang; 221—China, Ichang); 222—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 223—A. (s. str.) latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 224—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan); 225—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 226—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P., Greenbrier Cove); 216–219, 223—paratypes; 222, 224—holotype.

FIGURES 227–236. Apterodela spp., aedeagus, right lateral view: 227—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (Japan, Itoigawa, Agero); 228, 229—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (228—China, Chin Kiang; 229—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island); 230, 231—A. (s. str.) bivitgulata occidentalis ssp. nov.sp. nov. (230—China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 231—China, Inner Mongolia, Hua- Shu-Ye); 232—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (China, Ichang); 233—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 234—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan); 235—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 236—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P., Greenbrier Cove); 233—holotype; 230, 231, 234—paratypes.