Lasioglossum (Dialictus) virideglaucum Ebmer & Sakagami, 1994

Murao, Ryuki, Tadauchi, Osamu & Lee, Heung-Sik, 2015, Synopsis of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) Robertson, 1902 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae) in Japan, the Korean Peninsula and Taiwan, European Journal of Taxonomy 137, pp. 1-50 : 18-21

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) virideglaucum Ebmer & Sakagami, 1994

Figs 4B , 5 D–F, 8, 9, 12B–C, 24B

Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) virideglaucum Ebmer & Sakagami in Ebmer et al., 1994: 27–31 (holotype: Andreas Werner Ebmer’s collection, Linz, Austria, ♂; type locality: Heishu, Yunnan Prov., China).

Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) virideglaucum – Ebmer 2002: 864–865. — Ebmer 2006: 564. — Murao et al. 2006: 50.

Evylaeus (Glauchalictus) virideglaucus – Pesenko 2007b: 85 (in key), 99 (in key), 115. — Pesenko 2007a: 26.

Diagnosis

This species is separated from the other members of the atroglaucum subgroup by a combination of the following characters: disc of male S4 with short and moderately dense hairs ( Fig. 4B ); male S6 with a pair of thin hair tufts ( Fig. 4B ); and the gonostylus of male genitalia nearly rounded on top ( Fig. 9C ).

Material examined

Paratypes

JAPAN: 2 ♂♂, Kosugidani-Hananoego, Yaku Is., Kagoshima Pref., 24 Jul. 1952 (Takeya & Hirashima, MNHAH).

Additional material

JAPAN: Honshu: 1 ♂, Kuzukawa (Hiraka), Aomori Pref., 26 Aug. 1983 (M. Yamada, MNHAH); 4 ♂♂, Ashiro, Iwate Pref., 19 Sep. 1976 (Y. Maeta, ELKU); 1 ♂, Takeshikakami-honiri, Ueda-shi, Nagano Pref., 18 Sep. 2011 ( R. Murao, cMur); 1 ♂, Arimine, Ôyama-machi, Toyama Pref., 6 Oct. 1993 (H. Negoro, MNHAH); 3 ♂♂, Masutomi, Yamanashi Pref., 3 Sep. 1975 (J. Emoto, ELKU). Kyushu: 1 ♂, Mt. Hiko-san, Fukuoka Pref., 3 Oct. 1965 (S. Ibe, ELKU); Mt. Kujyu, alt. 1600–1700 m, Oita Pref., 8 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 19 Sep. 1972 ( ELKU), 143 ♂♂, 29 Aug. 1978 ( ELKU); 1 ♀, Mt. Taisen, Takeda-shi, Oita Pref., 7–9 Jun. 1978 ( ELKU); 2 ♀♀, Matoishi, Aso-machi, Aso-gun, Kumamoto Pref., 12 Sep. 2004 ( T. Sugimoto, ELKU); 1 ♂, Sobozan (Bungo), 9 Sep. 1933 (K. Yasumatsu, ELKU); 1 ♀, Mt. Sobo, Gokasho, Takachiho, Miyazaki Pref., 27 Apr. 2003 (O. Tadauchi, ELKU); 2 ♂♂, Kosugidani- Hananoego, Yaku Is., Kagoshima Pref., 24 Jul. 1952 (Takeya & Hirashima, ELKU).

SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon-do: 2 ♂♂, Mt. Gariwang-san, Jeongseon-gun, 30 Jul. 2013 ( R. Murao,

cMur); Bukdaesa temple, Mt. Odae-san, Jinbumyeon, Pyeongchang-gun, 3 ♂♂, 3 Sep. 1998 (H.S. Lee, QIA), and 15 ♂♂, 2 Sep. 1999 (H.S. Lee, QIA); Mt. Jeombong-san, Jindongri, Inje-gun, 4 ♂♂, 21 Sep. 1998 (H. T. Kim, SNU), 3 ♂♂, 28 Aug. 1999 (H. T. Kim, SNU). Jeju-do: 1 ♂, Yonsil, Mt. Halla-san, Jeju Is., 27 Jul. 1990 (O. Tadauchi, ELKU).

Additional description

LABRUM ( Fig. 8 C–D). Basal area approximately 2.6 × as wide as long in female, 3 × in male; basal elevation of female moderately developed, that of male absent; distal process of female slender, nearly as long as basal area, and without lateral projection, that of male absent; keel of distal process narrow, apically pointed in female; labral fimbria acutely pointed at apex in both sexes.

STERNA. S4 and S6 normal shaped, not modified. S7–S8 ( Fig. 9E ): S7 with long, apically rounded median process, apex exceeding S8; S8 without median process.

MALE GENITALIA ( Fig. 9 A–D). Gonobase nearly flat at bottom, ventral arms connected with each other at upper ends; gonocoxite smooth, gently sloped in lateral view, and inner dorsal margin angulate at approximately basal 1/3; gonostylus large, located at top of gonocoxite, with sparse short and moderately long hairs; ventral retrorse lobe moderately long but not reaching gonobase, with moderately dense short setae ventrally; penis valve higher than gonocoxite, with low cleft on top.

Distribution

Russian Far East (Primorsky, Khabrovsk), the Korean Peninsula (new record), Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yaku Is.), China (Sichuan, Shanxi, Yunnan Provs.). While conducting our study, the male of this species was found from several localities in South Korea (the female cannot be clearly separated from that of some related species such as L. problematicum ). On the Korean Peninsula, Lasioglossum problematicum has been recorded from North Korea based on female specimens ( Ebmer 1978). Pesenko (2007b) regarded the continental records of L. problematicum as L. virideglaucum . Our results support Pesenko’s opinion. It might be prudent to remove L. problematicum from the Korean fauna.

Flight period

Female: April to September in Kyushu, Japan.

Male: August to October.

The flight record of the female is based on specimens collected from Kyushu, Japan, because one of the related species, L. problematicum , does not sympatrically inhabit this area.

Flower records

The specimens examined in this paper were collected on the flowers of Aster var. ovatus (Franch. & Sav.) Soejima & Mot. Ito (Asteraceae) , Bellis perennis L. ( Asteraceae ), Brassica napus L. ( Brassicaceae ), Cimicifuga simplex (DC.) Wormsk. ex Turcz ( Ranunculaceae ), Isodon inflexus (Thunb.) Kudô (Lamiaceae) , Persicaria sp. ( Polygonaceae ), Senecio cannabifolius Less. (Asteraceae) , and Solidago virgaurea L. subsp. asiatica (Nakai ex H. Hara) Kitam. ex H. Hara var. asiatica Nakai ex H. Hara (Asteraceae) . The other floral records in Japan belong to 12 species in 4 families ( Negoro 2012).

Habitat

This species has been collected in mountainous areas in Japan and South Korea. The collecting sites are shown in Fig. 23A, C (A = Nagano Pref., Japan; C = Mt. Gariwangsan, South Korea).

DNA barcodes

The COI gene sequences are deposited as DNA barcodes of L. (D.) virideglaucum in the DDBJ under accession numbers LC027537 and LC027538 . These numbers are also available in GenBank.

Figures

Fig. 4. Hairs on metasomal sterna in species of the atroglaucum subgroup, ♂. A. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) atroglaucum (Strand, 1913). B. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) virideglaucum Ebmer & Sakagami, 1994. C. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) yamanei Murao et al., 2006. D. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) negoroi Murao & Tadauchi, 2008, holotype. E. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) taiwanense Murao sp. nov., holotype.

Fig. 5. S4–S6 in species of the atroglaucum subgroup, ♂. — A–C. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) atroglaucum (Strand, 1913). — D–F. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) virideglaucum Ebmer & Sakagami, 1994. — G–I. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) yamanei Murao et al., 2006 — J–L. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) negoroi Murao & Tadauchi, 2008, paratype. — M–O. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) taiwanense Murao sp. nov., paratype. A, D, G, J, M: S4. B, E, H, K, N: S5. C, F, I, L, O: S6. Dotted area on S5 shows the apical depression. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Fig. 9. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) virideglaucum Ebmer & Sakagami, 1994, ♂. A. Genitalia in ventral view. B. Genitalia in dorsal view. C. Genitalia in lateral view. D. Ventral retrorse lobe of genitalia. E. S7–S8. Scale bars: A–C, E = 0.2 mm, D = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 8. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) virideglaucum Ebmer & Sakagami, 1994. A–B. Head in frontal view. C–D. Labrum. A, C. ♀. B, D. ♂.

Fig. 23. Habitats in Japan and South Korea. A. Takeshikakami-honiri, Ueda-shi, Nagano Pref., Japan. B. Matoishi wilderness, Aso-shi, Kumamoto Pref., Japan. C. Mt. Gariwangsan, Gangwon-do, South Korea. D. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) miyabei Murao et al., 2006, ♀ on flowers of Patrinia scabiosifolia Fisch. ex Trevir. in South Korea.