Prochyliza

Martín-Vega, Daniel, Ebejer, Martin J. & Whitmore, Daniel, 2017, Out of the South? The first Afrotropical record of Prochyliza Walker (Diptera: Piophilidae), with description of a new species, Zootaxa 4232 (1), pp. 144-150 : 149

Key to the species of Prochyliza (adapted from Martín-Vega 2014)

1. Pedicel unusually elongate, of equal length (females) or twice as long (males) as first flagellomere (Nearctic)............................................................................................... P. xanthostoma Walker

- Pedicel normal, at most half as long as first flagellomere in both sexes........................................... 2

2. Head bright orange, including vertex and postgena. Head and thoracic setae long and strong. Ocellar setae approximately as long as vibrissa. Propleuron yellow, with whitish hairs. Fore femur entirely yellow. Posterior spiracles conspicuously enlarged ( Figs 1–5, 7–11 ) (Afrotropical)........................................................... P. ignifera sp. nov.

- Frons and gena either orange or black, but vertex and postgena always entirely black. Head and thoracic setae rather short and weak. Ocellar setae generally much shorter than vibrissa ( Fig. 6 ). Propleuron black, with whitish hairs. Fore femur either partially or entirely darkened. Posterior spiracles not conspicuously enlarged........................................ 3

3. Anterior quarter to three quarters of frons orange, posterior part shiny black...................................... 4

- Frons light orange to brownish-black, but always uniformly coloured from lunula to beyond anterior ocellus............ 8

4. Fore coxa pale yellow................................................................................. 5

- Fore coxa brownish-black...............................................................................7

5. Gena yellow, anterior half to three-quarters of frons orange. Mid femur and tibia yellow. Hind femur and tibia partially darkened. Male: posterior margin of sternite 5 straight; epandrium without a pair of distinct horn-like spines arising on lower half of posterior margin (Nearctic)........................................................ P. brevicornis Melander

- Gena black, only anterior quarter or less of frons orange. Mid and hind femora and tibiae either entirely yellow or entirely black. Male: posterior margin of sternite 5 strongly emarginated (but male of P. azteca unknown); epandrium with a pair of distinct horn-like spines arising on lower half of posterior margin (but male of P. azteca unknown)...................... 6

6. Mid and hind femora and tibiae entirely yellow. Margins and fringes of calypter white (Neotropical).... P. azteca McAlpine

- Mid and hind femora and tibiae mostly black. Margins and fringes of calypter brownish (Neotropical).... P. inca McAlpine

7. Mid and hind tibiae entirely yellow. Anepimeron pruinose along ventral margin above katepisternal seta. Mid tibia and hind coxa of male not ornamented (Nearctic).......................................... P. nigricoxa (Melander & Spuler)

- Mid and hind tibiae mostly blackish. Anepimeron glossy on ventral margin above katepisternal seta. Mid tibia of male with a brush of long, yellowish hairs at apex on posteroventral surface. Hind coxa with a comb of short, stout setae (Holarctic)......................................................................................... P. lundbecki (Duda)

8. Fore coxa entirely yellow to almost completely darkened. Mid and hind legs entirely yellow; some individuals with mid and hind femora and tibiae more or less darkened. Male and female abdominal sternites with rounded margins; in males the anterior margins are usually emarginated and the posterior margin of sternite 5 is sinuate (Holarctic and Neotropical)............................................................................................. P. nigrimana (Meigen)

- Front coxa completely darkened. Legs darkened. Male and female abdominal sternites quadrangular, with straight margins, including the posterior margin of sternite 5; only the anterior margin of sternite 2 emarginated (Palaearctic)........................................................................................... P. georgekaplani Martín-Vega

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 8. Prochyliza spp. 1 – 5, 7 – 8. Prochyliza ignifera sp. nov. 6. Prochyliza nigrimana (Meigen) (♂ from Kinopiastes, Greece, NHMUK). 1. Holotype ♂, habitus in lateral view. 2. Holotype ♂, habitus in dorsal view. 3. Holotype ♂, labels. 4. Holotype ♂, head in dorsal view. 5. Holotype ♂, head in lateral view. 6. Head in lateral view. 7. Paratype ♂ (La Réunion), habitus in lateral view. 8. Paratype ♂ (La Réunion), detail of the abdomen showing the enlarged spiracles (arrow). Abbreviations: ocs = ocellar seta; v = vibrissa.

FIGURES 9 – 11. Male postabdomen of Prochyliza ignifera sp. nov. (paratype from La Réunion). 9. Sternites 5 – 8. 10. Postabdomen in posterior view. 11. Genitalia, lateral view. Abbreviations: bph = basiphallus; c = cercus; distiph = distiphallus; ej apd = ejaculatory apodeme; ep = epandrium; hyp = hypandrium; peg = peg-like process; ph apd = phallus apodeme; prg = pregonite; psg = postgonite; s 5 – s 8 = sternites 5 to 8. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.