Platystoma nitidiventre Hendel, 1913

Bodner, L. & Freidberg, A., 2016, Taxonomy and immature stages of the Platystomatidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) of Israel, Zootaxa 4171 (2), pp. 201-245 : 223-224

Platystoma nitidiventre Hendel, 1913

( Figs. 14 , 25 , 36 , 47 , 58 , 69, 83)

Platystoma nitidiventre Hendel, 1913: 75 (monograph of Platystoma ).

Selected references: Hennig, 1945: 25 (palaearctic Platystomatidae ); Mesci & Hasbenli, 2015: 805 (fauna of Turkey).

Diagnosis. This species differs from the other congeners by the combination of a relatively dark wing pattern, shiny black abdomen without microtrichia, and the conspicuously yellow pleural membrane on the ventral part of the abdomen in both male and female, as opposed to gray in males and whitish in females.

Redescription. Head ( Figs. 14 , 25 ): Color and vestiture: Head mostly reddish-brown to dark brown, with orange-brown areas. Frons reddish to dark brown, microtrichose around bases of orbital and vertical setae, and around ocellar triangle. Rarely present is thin yellowish median line of microtrichia. Ocellar triangle inconspicuously microtrichose. Lunule mostly blackish-brown, except yellowish line delimiting scapes. Antenna: scape, pedicel and 1st flagellomere brown to dark brown, all microtrichose. Face mostly shiny black with fine gray microtrichia on most of dorsal 0.3–0.5, sometimes excluding antennal grooves. Clypeus shiny black. Chaetotaxy: In general, setae and setulae longer than other studied species. 2 (pairs) orbital setae and 1 (pair) postocellar seta present. Lunule conspicuously setulose. 2–5 genal setae present (usually 3). Postgena and occiput with variously long, pale brown to black setulae. Ratios: Head: 1.33–1.48; frons anterior: 1.26–1.48; frons posterior: 1.06–1.26; ocellar triangle/frons: 0.26–0.33; eye: 1.86–2.15; 1st flagellomere: 1.57–1.86; gena/eye: 0.21–0.27; parafacial/gena: 0.21–0.33; posterior orbital/anterior orbital: 1.92–2.31; medial vertical/lateral vertical: 1.09–1.19; posterior orbital/ medial vertical: 0.65–0.88; ocellar/medial vertical: 0.45–0.52; ocellar/ocellar triangle: 1.31–1.79; postocellar/ medial vertical: 0.35–0.43.

Thorax: Color and vestiture: Ground color black, irregularly and inconspicuously microtrichose. Scutum with 3 or 5 weak grayish microtrichose stripes. Postpronotal lobe and posterior notopleuron reddish-brown, with yellow joint. Scutellum marginally microtrichose. Subscutellum and mediotergite black, without microtrichia. Proepisternum mostly shiny black, with white microtrichia ventrally. Proepimeron densely white microtrichose. Anepisternum with reticulate pattern of microtrichia, more pronounced anteriorly. katepisternum and anepimeron sparsely and irregularly microtrichose. Chaetotaxy: Presutural supra-alar seta and postsutural supra-alar seta present. Scutum setulae 0.12–0.50 times as long as major setae. Postpronotal lobe anterior margin with long black setulae. Anepisternum with long setulae posteriorly and ventrally, and shorter setulae anteriorly and medially. Anepimeron with black setulae anteriorly, and yellowish setulae medially. Katepisternum with brown to black setulae. Ratios: Scutum: 0.97–1.14; presutural supra-alar/intra-alar: 0.35–0.58; postsutural supra-alar/intra-alar: 0.41–0.67; postalar/intra-alar: 0.92–1.00.

Legs: Color and vestiture: Leg type dark. Tarsi with yellowish areas as follows: fore metatarsus proximally, mid and hind metatarsi almost entirely, 2nd tarsomere of hind tarsus ventrally. Coxae inconspicuously and irregularly microtrichose. Trochanters, femora and tibiae shiny. Chaetotaxy: Coxae and trochanters with black setulae, except posterodorsally. Femora dorsally with short setulae and ventrally with long setulae. Fore and hind tibiae with 0–2 less prominent spines. All tarsi with short dark brown setulae dorsally and yellowish to pale brown setulae ventrally.

Wing ( Fig. 36 ): Pattern: Generally dark brown, with hyaline spots scattered more or less uniformly: small spots on proximal 0.5 of wing, posterior to vein R2+3; large spots around periphery of wing; small to medium-sized spots in center of distal 0.5 of wing. Combined area of hyaline spots less than combined area of pigmented pattern. Wing pattern conspicuously dark from costa to vein Cu1, gradually paler basally and posteriorly and subhyaline in alula and anal lobe. Costal cell dark brown with thin vague subhyaline spots. Venation: Veins and sclerites brown to blackish. Vein M ends slightly posterior to wing tip. Crossvein DM-Cu without stump vein. Dorsal calypter narrower and shorter than ventral calypter, with slightly longer fringes. Halter base and stem yellowish to pale brown, knob dark brown. Chaetotaxy: Base of costa near costagial break with ventral seta. Ratios: Wing: 2.51– 3.00.

Abdomen: Structure: Male T4 about as long as T3 and about half as long as T5. Female T4 slightly shorter than T3 and about as long as T5. Color and vestiture: Abdomen almost completely shiny black, except slight marks of microtrichia. Male terminalia ( Figs. 47 , 58 , 69): Epandrium in ventral view rather square-shaped, broadened dorsoventrally; ventral concavity narrow, with posterior depression; subepandrial sclerite anteriorly broadened and extended beyond margin of epandrium; lateral surstylus apically and posteriorly rounded, strongly curved mesally; medial surstylus elongated, rather distinguishable (mostly visible in ventral view). Terminal filaments equally long, shorter than distiphallus. Female terminalia (Fig. 83): 2 spermathecae present; spermatheca short ovoid, with short blunt protuberances. Cylindrical inner structure more than half as long as spermatheca. Ratios: Male: T3/T4: 1.00– 1.17; T4/T5: 0.44–0.57; T3+4/T5: 0.96–1.13; epandrium: 0.56–0.60; preglans: 1.14–2.13; glans: 1.61–2.06; preglans/glans: 0.43–0.57; acrophallus/preglans+glans: 5.73–7.48; distiphallus/preglans+glans: 10.19–10.73. Female: T3/T4: 1.05–1.21; T4/T5: 0.88–1.06; T3+4/T5: 1.79–2.11; aculeus: 5.33–8.86; cercal unit: 2.67–3.33; cercal unit/aculeus: 0.16–0.20.

Measurements (mm). Body length: 4.3–6.2; wing length: 4.4–4.9.

Material examined. ISRAEL: Har Hermon (' Hermon' , or ' Mt. Hermon' ): 1300m, 22.v.1973, AF (13Ƌ, 21♀) ; 1400m: 8.vi.1975, M. Kaplan (1♀); 9.vi.1976, D. Simon (1Ƌ, 1♀); 15.vi.2011, AF (1Ƌ); 21.vi.1971, J. Kugler (1♀); 1500m: 6.v. [19]75, D. Simon (2♀); 33°17.7’N 35°45.6'E, 17.v.2011, L. Bodner (3Ƌ, 1♀); 18.v.1976, D. Simon (4Ƌ, 2♀); 21.v.1979, D. Furth (2♀); 18.v.1976, D. Simon (4Ƌ, 2♀); 23.v.1978, AF (3♀); 10.vi. [19]83, I. Nussbaum (1♀); 1400–1600m: 23.v.1978, J. Kugler (1♀); 24.v. [19]83, I. Yarom (1♀); 1400–1650m, 18.v.1976, AF (2Ƌ, 2♀); 1500–1600m, 33°18’N 35°46'E, 6.vi.2002, L. Friedman (1Ƌ); 1500–1700m, 24.v.2012, L. Bodner (4Ƌ, 5♀); 1600m: 14.v.1981, AF (2Ƌ, 1♀); 16.v.1995, I. Yarom (1Ƌ, 1♀); 33°18.3’N 35°46.2'E, 17.v.2011, AF (1Ƌ, 1♀); 18.v.2009, AF (1Ƌ, 1♀); 19.v. [19]83, I. Yarom (3Ƌ, 7♀), F. Kaplan (4Ƌ, 4♀); 20.v.1986, G. Eldar (1Ƌ); 20.v.1997, I. Yarom (1♀); 23.v.1998, AF (3Ƌ, 2♀); 33°18.1’N 35°46.2'E, 24.v.2010, AF (7Ƌ), E. Morgulis (2Ƌ, 1♀); 27.v.2003, L. Friedman (1Ƌ); 29.v.2000, I. Yarom (3Ƌ); 9.vi. [19]83, I. Yarom (3Ƌ, 2♀); 12.vi.2003, AF (1Ƌ); 14.vi, 15.vi.2003, E. Morgulis (13Ƌ, 6♀); 17.vi.1999, AF (1Ƌ); 2.viii.1986, G. Eldar (1♀); 8.viii.1984, I. Nussbaum (1Ƌ); 1650m: 5.v.1979, D. Furth (2Ƌ); 6.v.1975, J. Kugler (3Ƌ); 17.v.2000, AF (1♀); 22.v.1973, AF (1Ƌ, 2♀); 9.vi.1975, AF (2Ƌ); 19.v.1981, T. Furman (4Ƌ, 2♀); Har Dov, Karst, 1380m, 33°18.6’N 35°43.2'E, 25.v.2010, AF (1♀); Har Dov, 8.vi. [19]83, AF (2♀); Panyas, 16.iv.1992, AF (1Ƌ); Sasa, 18.iv.1981, AF (1♀); Rihaniya: 22.v.1998, AF (3Ƌ), 16.iv.1992, AF (1Ƌ); Meron (' Har / Mt. Meron' , or ' Meiron') : 11.iv.1974, AF (2Ƌ), 1100m, 30.iv.1981, AF (1♀), F. Kaplan (1♀), 7.v.1969, AF (1♀), 17.v.1976, AF (1Ƌ), 20.v.1972, AF (3♀), 900m, 28.v.1981, AF (1Ƌ); Nahal Admoniyot, 18.v. [19]67, J. Plotkin (1Ƌ); Haifa [Haifa] , 30.v [May].1980, AF (3Ƌ, 1♀); Karmel woods, 21.iv.1954, Coll. Lewenwirt, I. Hadassim (1♀); Karmel [Carmel], 22.iv.1973, AF (23Ƌ, 13♀); Yagur [Jagur], 27.ix.1963, J. Kugler (1♀); Nesher, 2.iv.1975, F. Kaplan (1Ƌ); Nahal Oren, 200m, 11.v.1995, AF (1♀); Zikhron Ya'aqov: 1.iv.1998, AF (1Ƌ), [Zikron Ya'akov], 30.iv.1981, AF (1♀), 1.v.1998, AF (1Ƌ); Ramat [-] Hadassa, 19.iv.1956, J. Kugler (1Ƌ); Zomet Ha'Amaqim (Jalame), 18–22.v.1993, AF (1Ƌ); Yaqqir [Yakir], 4.iv.1981, AF (3Ƌ, 6♀), F. Kaplan (1Ƌ, 1♀); Pedu'el, Deir Qala', 27.iii.2013, L. Friedman (1Ƌ); Park Canada , 29.iii.1992, AF (1♀); Latrun, 29.iii.1973, D. Furth (1♀); Beit Jimal, 3.iv.1988, I. Yarom (1♀); Mishmar Dawid, 31°49’N 34°35'E, 13.iii.2010, W. Kuslitzky (1♀).

Type locality. " Kaukasus , Kusari " ( Azerbaijan).

Distribution. Azerbaijan, Turkey and Israel.

Distribution in Israel. Mt. Hermon, Golan Heights, Upper Galilee, Carmel Ridge, Samaria, Yizre'el Valley, Foothills of Judea and Judean Hills.

Adult activity in Israel. April to June.

Figures

FIGURES 8 – 18. Head, frontal view. 8. Platystoma arcuatum. 9. P. dalia. 10. P. dimidiatum. 11. P. elizabethae. 12. P. geula. 13. P. malatiense. 14. P. nitidiventre. 15. P. pubescens. 16. P. torridum. 17. P. trigonum. 18. Rivellia israelica. Postocular setae not always visible in this view.

FIGURES 19 – 29. Head, lateral view. 19. Platystoma arcuatum. 20. P. dalia. 21. P. dimidiatum. 22. P. elizabethae. 23. P. geula. 24. P. malatiense. 25. P. nitidiventre. 26. P. pubescens. 27. P. torridum. 28. P. trigonum. 29. Rivellia israelica.

FIGURES 30 – 40. Wing. 30. Platystoma arcuatum. 31. P. dalia. 32. P. dimidiatum. 33. P. elizabethae. 34. P. g e ul a. 35. P. malatiense. 36. P. nitidiventre. 37. P. pubescens. 38. P. torridum. 39. P. trigonum. 40. Rivellia israelica.

FIGURES 41 – 51. Epandrial complex, ventral view. 41. Platystoma arcuatum. 42. P. dalia. 43. P. dimidiatum. 44. P. elizabethae. 45. P. g e ul a. 46. P. malatiense. 47. P. nitidiventre. 48. P. pubescens. 49. P. torridum. 50. P. trigonum. 51. Rivellia israelica.

FIGURES 52 – 62. Epandrial complex, lateral view. 52. Platystoma arcuatum. 53. P. dalia. 54. P. dimidiatum. 55. P. elizabethae. 56. P. g e ul a. 57. P. malatiense. 58. P. nitidiventre. 59. P. pubescens. 60. P. torridum. 61. P. trigonum. 62. Rivellia israelica.