Ypsolopha parenthesella ( Linnaeus, 1761 )

Jin, Qing, Wang, Shuxia & Li, Houhun, 2013, Review of the genus Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796 from China (Lepidoptera: Ypsolophidae), Zootaxa 3705 (1), pp. 1-91 : 21-22

Ypsolopha parenthesella ( Linnaeus, 1761)

( Figs 14 , 65 , 114 , 164 )

Phalaena Tinea parenthesella Linnaeus, 1761: 367 ; Linnaeus, 1767: 890; Gmelin, 1790: 2594. Tinea parenthesella (Linnaeus) : Fabricius, 1775: 661; Fabricius, 1781: 297; Fabricius, 1787: 247; Fabricius, 1794: 307. Alucita costella Fabricius, 1775: 668 ; Fabricius, 1781: 308; Fabricius, 1787: 254; Fabricius, 1794: 336. Tinea ochrella Hübner, 1793 : f. 50.

Alucita maculella Fabricius, 1794: 333 .

Tinea fissella Hübner, 1796: 8 .

Ypsolophus costus Fabricius, 1798: 506 (amended spelling for costella Fabricius ). Ypsolophus maculatus Fabricius, 1798: 510 (amended spelling for maculella Fabricius ). Abebaea costella (Fabricius) : Hübner, 1826: 408.

Ypsolophus fissus Haworth, 1828: 543 (amended spelling for fissella Hübner ).

Ypsolophus ochroleucus Haworth, 1828: 542 .

Ypsolophus ermineus Haworth, 1828: 542 .

Ypsolophus parenthesellus (Linnaeus) : Haworth, 1828: 540; Lhomme, 1946: 980; Moriuti, 1964: 203; Friese, 1966: 454; Zagulajev, 1989: 488.

Ypsolophus fissellus (Hübner) : Stephens, 1829: 223; Stephens 1829: 51.

Ypsolophus costellus (Fabricius) : Haworth, 1829: 542.

Macrochila parenthesella (Linnaeus) : Stephens, 1829: 199; Stephens, 1829: 51.

Tinea judeichiella Ratzeburg, 1868: 418 .

Cerostoma parenthesella (Linnaeus) : Rebel, 1901: 138; Meyrick, 1914: 55 (as syn. of costella Fabricius, 1775 ); Heddergott & Weidner, 1953: 36; Werner, 1958: 68.

Cerostoma parenthesellum (Linnaeus) : Spuler, 1910: 450; Escherich, 1931: 177; Hering, 1932: 42.

Cerostoma costella (Fabricius) : Meyrick, 1914: 55; Meyrick, 1928: 801; Issiki, 1932: 1490; Issiki, 1950: 447; Issiki, 1957: 21.

Cerostoma parenthesellum var. overhaldense Strand, 1919: 61 .

Cerostoma takamukui Matsumura, 1931: 1103 .

Ypsolophus costella (Fabricius) : Pierce & Metcalfe, 1935: 86.

Ypsolophus takamukui (Matsumura) : Inoue, 1954: 35 (as syn. of blandella Christoph, 1882 ).

Ypsolophus parenthesella (Linnaeus) : Inoue, 1954: 35; Okan, 1959: 274.

Ypsolopha parenthesellus (Linnaeus) : Moriuti, 1977: 90; Moriuti, 1982: 210; Byun & Bae, 2001: 158.

Ypsolopha parenthesella (Linnaeus) : Agassiz, 1996: 95; Baraniak & Vives, 2005: 325; Sohn et al., 2010: 32 ; Gershenson & Kozhevnikova, 2013: 108.

Type locality: Sweden.

Adult ( Figs 14 a-b): Wing expanse 18.0−20.0 mm. Forewings with R4 and R5 separated or stalked, or R3 and R4 stalked ( Figs 65 a-c).

Material examined. 1 ♂, Xiaolongmen, Beijing (59°55′ N, 116°24′ E), 1080 m, 20.viii.2009, coll. Aihuan Zhang & Xueling Tian; 1 ♂, Mt. Xinglong, Yuzhong County (35°53′ N, 104°06′ E), Gansu Province, 2120 m, 30.vii.1993, coll. Houhun Li; 3 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀, Mt. Xinglong, Yuzhong County (35°53′ N, 104°06′ E), Gansu Province, 2178 m, 19−21.viii.2007, coll. Feng Yang & Hanguang Gao; 1 ♂, Mt. Baiyun, Luoyang (34°11′ N, 112°27′ E), Henan Province, 1500 m, 8.ix.2000, coll. Houhun Li & Karsholt; 1 ♀, Jingyuan County (35°29′ N, 106°19′ E), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 2100 m, 7.viii.2000, Houhun Li & Shuxia Wang; 1 ♂, Chengcheng County (35°11′ N, 109°56′ E), Shaanxi Province, 1000 m, 7.vii.1987, coll. Houhun Li; 1 ♂, 5 ♀♀, Mt. Li, Jincheng (35°30′ N, 112°51′ E), Shanxi Province, 1520 m, 19.viii.2006, coll. Xu Zhang & Haiyan Bai.

Host plants. Myricaceae : Myrica Linn. ; Betulaceae : Alnus Mill. , Betula Linn. ; Corylaceae : Carpinus Linn. , Corylus Linn. ; Fagaceae : Fagus sylvatica Linn. , Quercus robur Linn. ; Rosaceae : Malus Mill. ; Ulmaceae : Ulmus carpinifolia Ripp. ; Salicaceae : Populus Linn. , P. tremula Linn. Oleaceae : Fraxinus excelsior Linn. ( Moriuti 1977; Zagulajev 1989; Kozhevnikova 2005; Gershenson & Kozhevnikova 2013).

Distribution. China (Beijing, Gansu, Henan, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi), Japan, Korea, Russia, Asia Minor, Mideast Asia, Europe.

Diagnosis. This species is allied to Y. albula sp. nov. in appearance and in the male genitalia, but can be distinguished by the absence of the strips along the veins of the forewing, and the relatively long saccus that is about 2/3 length of the socius ( Fig. 114 ); in Y. albula sp. nov., the forewing has grayish brown or ocherous brown strips along the veins ( Fig. 15 ), and the male saccus is 1/3 length of the socius ( Fig. 115 ). Ypsolopha parenthesella is also related to Y. leuconotella (Snellen) in the female genitalia, but can be separated by the relatively short ductus bursae that is 1.25 times length of the corpus bursae, and the long ovate corpus bursae ( Fig. 164 ); in Y. leuconotella (Snellen) , the ductus bursae is 1.5 times length of the corpus bursae and the corpus bursae is triangular ( Fig. 159 ).

Remarks. This species is highly variable in colour, markings and venation of the forewing. The ground colour varies from gray to ocherous brown. In most individuals, there is a white strip extending from basal 1/4 to 3/4 of the cell, but in some other individuals there is a black strip extending from the base to the apex of the cell; the number of the black dots along costa varies from four to about sixteen; the veins R4 and R5 are separated or stalked, but in some individuals R3 is stalked with R4. In spite of these differences among individuals, the black dot at the lower angle of the cell is steady in all of the examined specimens.

Figures

FIGURES 12 – 18. Adults of Ypsolopha spp. 12. Y. parallela (Caradja), ♀; 13. Y. sarmaticella (Rebel), ♀; 14. Y. parenthesella (Linnaeus), ♀; 15. Y. albula sp. nov., holotype, ♂; 16. Y. longisaccata sp. nov., holotype, ♂; 17. Y. fascimaculata sp. nov., paratype, ♀; 18. Y. scabrella (Linnaeus), ♀.

FIGURES 61 – 65 a. Wing venation of Ypsolopha spp. 61. Y. flavida sp. nov., paratype, slide no. JQ 08074 ♀ W; 62. Y. asperella (Linnaeus), slide no. JQ 07257 ♂ W; 63. Y. parallela (Caradja), slide no. JQ 07257 ♂ W; 64. Y. sarmaticella (Rebel), JQ 07255 ♂ W; 65. Y. parenthesella (Linnaeus), a. 07242 ♂ W.

FIGURES 111 – 116. Male genitalia of Ypsolopha spp. 111. Y. asperella (Linnaeus), slide no. JQ 07052; 112. Y. parallela (Caradja), slide no. JQ 08230; 113. Y. sarmaticella (Rebel), slide no. JQ 07255; 114. Y. parenthesella (Linnaeus), slide no. JQ 08227; 115. Y. albula sp. nov., holotype, slide no. JQ 07261; 116. Y. longisaccata sp. nov., holotype, slide no. JQ 07056.

FIGURES 164 – 169. Female genitalia of Ypsolopha spp. 164. Y. parenthesella (Linnaeus), slide no. JQ 08228; 165. Y. fascimaculata sp. nov., paratype, slide no. JQ 07151; 166. Y. scabrella (Linnaeus), slide no. JQ 07270; 167. Y. acerella Ponomarenko et al., slide no. JQ 08022; 168. Y. yangi Ponomarenko et Sohn, slide no. JQ 07279; 169. Y. mucronulata sp. nov., paratype, slide no. L 94243.

FIGURES 158 – 163. Female genitalia of Ypsolopha spp. 158. Y. hebeiensis Yang, slide no. JQ 08217; 159. Y. leuconotella (Snellen), slide no. JQ 07260; 160. Y. flaviterminata sp. nov., paratype, slide no. JQ 07236; 161. Y. flavida sp. nov., paratype, slide no. JQ 07277; 162. Y. parallela (Caradja), slide no. JQ 07258; 163. Y. sarmaticella (Rebel), slide no. JQ 07227.