Encarsia citrina (Craw)
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930701550766 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D3887DF-FFBF-8F61-EA9A-FF64FB7FFD9E |
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
scientific name |
Encarsia citrina (Craw) |
status |
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26. Encarsia citrina (Craw) View in CoL
( Figures 89–91 View Figures 89–91 )
Coccophagus citrinus Craw 1891, p 26 View in CoL . Syntypes ♀, USA, California, San Gabriel Valley, 1889 [ex Aspidiotus citrinus View in CoL ], lost. Neotype ♀ designated by DeBach and Rose 1981, p 671, same data as syntypes (USNM, not examined).
Encarsia citrinus (Craw) View in CoL : Riley and Howard 1891, p 168.
Aspidiotiphagus citrinus (Craw) View in CoL : Howard 1894a, p 229 –231; 1895, p 31; 1898, p 134; Howard and Ashmead 1896, p 635; Ashmead 1904c, p 345; Mercet 1912, p 173 –175; 1930, p 69; Ayyar 1925, p 251; Compere 1936, p 296; Mani 1938, p 122; Pruthi and Mani 1940, p 27; De Santis 1948, p 225 –231; 1979, p 330; Peck 1963, p 288; Ferrière 1965, p 149; Nikol’skaya and Yasnosh 1966, p 259; Herting 1972, p 164 ff; Kaul and Saraswat 1974, p 189; Yasnosh 1978, p 497; Gordh 1979, p 900; DeBach and Rose 1981, p 671; Liao et al. 1987, p 137; Sheng 1989, p 89.
Aspidiotiphagus australiensis Girault 1913 View in CoL [158], p 74. Holotype ♀, Australia, Queensland, Nelson (5Gordonvale, Cairns), 29 May 1913, 1500 feet (QMBA, type no. 1727, examined). Synonymy by Hayat 1989b, p 289.
Prospaltoides howardi Brèthes 1914, p 13 View in CoL . Syntypes ♀, Argentina, ex Diaspis pentagona View in CoL . Synonymy by Brèthes 1916.
Aspidiotiphagus schoeversi Smits van Burgst 1915, p 293 View in CoL –295. Syntypes ♀, The Netherlands, Gouda, in greenhouse ex Chionaspis aspidistrae View in CoL on Aspidistra sp. Synonymy by Mercet 1930.
Encarsia citrina (Craw) View in CoL : Malenotti 1917, p 20. Change of combination.
Aspidiotiphagus severiniellus Ghesquière 1933, p 346 View in CoL –348. Holotype ♀, Belgium, Anhée (Namur province), November 1933 (R. Moseray), ex Diaspis visci (Schrank) Löw View in CoL (ISNB, examined). Synonymy by Ferrière 1965, p 149.
Aspidiotiphagus silwoodensis Alam 1956, p 360 View in CoL –362. Holotype ♀, England, Ascot, Silwood Park, 31 May 1953, ex Lepidosaphes ulmi (Linnaeus) View in CoL on Cornus sp. (BMNH, examined). Synonymy by Ferrière 1965, p 149.
Aspidiotiphagus cyanophylli Alam 1956, p 362 –363. Holotype ♀, England, London, Kew Gardens, 13 November 1953, ex Aspidiotus cyanophylli Sign View in CoL on Cereus peruvianus View in CoL (BMNH, examined). Synonymy by Ferrière 1965, p 149.
Encarsia citrina (Craw) View in CoL : Viggiani and Mazzone 1979, p 47; Viggiani 1987b, p 136 –137; Hayat 1989a, p 27 –28; 1998, p 189–190; Ren 1988, p 396; Lu 1989, p 207; Liang and Chen 1990, p 1; Viggiani and Ren 1993, p 227; Huang 1994, p 196; Huang and Polaszek 1998, p 1858 –1860.
Diagnosis
Female. Colour: head orange-brown, lower part of head and occiput darker. Mesosoma yellow except pronotum, mesoscutellar midlobe anteriorly, axilla, mesopleuron, and propodeum darker. Metasoma predominantly brown. Antenna brown with apex darkened (sometimes faint). Fore wing hyaline with dark band behind marginal vein. Legs yellow, hind coxa brown.
Morphology: stemmaticum with transversely strigose surface sculpture. Antennal formula 1,1,3,3, apical segment conical, strongly narrowed towards apex. Pedicel longer than F1 (1.33–1.50). F1 1.57–1.80 times as long as its maximum width, subequal in length or slightly longer than F2 (1.00–1.13), and slightly shorter than or subequal to F3 (0.88–1.06), third funicular segment distinctly broader than first and slightly broader than second. F2 slightly shorter than F3 (0.83–0.94). Flagellomeres with the following numbers of sensilla: F1: 0, F2: 0, F3: 0, F4: 2, F5: 3, F6: 4. Midlobe of mesoscutum with four setae arranged symmetrically, side lobes with one seta each. Scutellar sensilla widely separated (approximately 9–10 times the maximum width of a sensillum). Distance between anterior pair of scutellar setae greater than between posterior pair. Fore wing with bare area near stigmal vein, disc sparsely setose (particularly near margin), very narrow and about 4.0 times as long as width of disc. Marginal fringe 1.15–1.19 times as long as width of disc. Basal cell with one seta. Submarginal vein with two setae, marginal vein anteriorly with four (to six) setae. Tarsal formula 5-5-5. Apical spur of midtibia longer than half the length of the corresponding basitarsus (0.72–0.73). Tergites laterally with the following numbers of setae: T1: 0, T2: 1, T3: 1, T4: 1, T5: 2, T6: 2, T7 with four setae. Ovipositor subequal in length to midtibia (0.94, 1.16 times in the holotype of E. australiensis ) and 0.94 times as long as clava (1.20 times in holotype of E. australiensis ). Third valvula 0.48–0.49 times as long as second valvifer.
Male. Unknown.
Species group placement. E. citrina group.
Distribution. Australia: Norfolk Island, Queensland. Cosmopolitan.
Host. Aleyrodidae : Aleurocanthus sp. The following additional whitefly host has been recorded ( Huang and Polaszek 1998; Polaszek et al. 1999): Aleurotrachelus micheliae Takahashi. Encarsia citrina has been recorded from a large number of hard scales ( Diaspididae , see Huang and Polaszek (1998, p 1859) for a comprehensive list of host records). Recent rearing records of E. citrina from Coccidae (M. Copland, personal communication) are being investigated.
Additional material examined
Norfolk Island: 1♀, nr Highlands Guesthouse (29 ° 029S, 167 ° 579E), 20–26 March 1984 (D. C. F. Rentz), Stop 1, pan trap ( ANIC) ; 1♀, Red Road Track, NINP (29 ° 019S, 167 ° 579E) , 14 November to 2 December 1984 (I. D. Naumann) Malaise trap /ethanol ( ANIC) .
Queensland: 2♀, Bundaberg, Tafe, 10 August 2000 (P. De Barro), ex Aleurocanthus sp. on Cupaniopsis sp. (Sapindaceae) ( ANIC, ZSMG); 1♀, Cairns, April 1999 (P. Garland) ( ANIC).
ANIC |
Australian National Insect Collection |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
Kingdom |
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Genus |
Encarsia citrina (Craw)
Schmidt, Stefan & Polaszek, Andrew 2007 |
Aspidiotiphagus australiensis
Hayat M 1989: 289 |
Encarsia citrina (Craw)
Huang J & Polaszek A 1998: 1858 |
Huang J 1994: 196 |
Viggiani G & Ren H 1993: 227 |
Liang GQ & Chen ZY 1990: 1 |
Hayat M 1989: 27 |
Lu YD 1989: 207 |
Ren H 1988: 396 |
Viggiani G 1987: 136 |
Viggiani G & Mazzone P 1979: 47 |
Aspidiotiphagus silwoodensis
Ferriere C 1965: 149 |
Alam SM 1956: 360 |
Aspidiotiphagus cyanophylli
Ferriere C 1965: 149 |
Alam SM 1956: 362 |
Aspidiotiphagus severiniellus Ghesquière 1933 , p 346
Ferriere C 1965: 149 |
Ghesquiere J 1933: 346 |
Aspidiotiphagus schoeversi
Smits van Burgst CAL 1915: 293 |
Prospaltoides howardi Brèthes 1914 , p 13
Brethes J 1914: 13 |
Aspidiotiphagus citrinus (Craw)
Sheng JK 1989: 89 |
Liao DX & Li XL & Pang XF & Chen TL 1987: 137 |
DeBach P & Rose M 1981: 671 |
Gordh G 1979: 900 |
Yasnosh VA 1978: 497 |
Kaul B & Saraswat GG 1974: 189 |
Herting B 1972: 164 |
Nikol'skaya MN & Yasnosh VA 1966: 259 |
Ferriere C 1965: 149 |
Peck O 1963: 288 |
De Santis L 1948: 225 |
Pruthi HS & Mani MS 1940: 27 |
Mani M 1938: 122 |
Compere H 1936: 296 |
Ayyar TVR 1925: 251 |
Mercet RG 1912: 173 |
Ashmead WH 1904: 345 |
Howard LO & Ashmead WH 1896: 635 |
Howard LO 1894: 229 |
Coccophagus citrinus
DeBach P & Rose M 1981: 671 |
Craw A 1891: 26 |
Encarsia citrinus (Craw)
Riley CV & Howard LO 1891: 168 |