Eliomys quercinus (Linnaeus 1766)

Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Gliridae, Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 819-840 : 834

Eliomys quercinus (Linnaeus 1766)

[Mus] quercinus Linnaeus 1766 , Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1: 84.

Type Locality: Germany .

Vernacular Names: Garden Dormouse.

Synonyms: Eliomys amori (Graells 1897) ; Eliomys cincticauda Miller 1901 ; Eliomys dalmaticus Dulic and Felten 1962 ; Eliomys dichrurus (Rafinesque 1814) ; Eliomys gotthardus Burg 1920 ; Eliomys gymnesicus Thomas 1903 ; Eliomys hamiltoni Cabrera 1907 ; Eliomys hortualis Cabrera 1904 ; Eliomys jurrasicus Burg 1920 ; Eliomys liparensis Kahmann 1960 ; Eliomys lusitanicus Reuvens 1890 ; Eliomys nitela (Schreber 1782) ; Eliomys ophiusae Thomas 1925 ; Eliomys pallidus Barrett-Hamilton 1899 ; Eliomys räticus Burg 1920 ; Eliomys sardus Barrett-Hamilton 1901 ; Eliomys superans Ognev and Stroganov 1936 ; Eliomys valverdei Palacios, Castroviejo, and Garzon 1974 .

Distribution: Primarily Europe, also Russia: Portugal ( Santos-Reis and Mathias, 1996), Spain ( Abad, 1987; Castién and Gosálbez, 1992, Moreno, 1989; Torre et al., 1996), Balearic Isls ( Alcover, 1986; Alcover and Gosalbez, 1988; Kahmann and Alcover, 1974; Kahmann and Thoms, 1973 a), Andorra ( Gosalbez-Noguera et al., 1989), France ( Geissert and Merkel, 1994), Corsica ( Orsini and Cheylan, 1988), Belgium (Libois, 1996; Luyts, 1986), Germany ( Bitz, 1991; Faltin, 1988; Feustel, 1984; Gorner and Henkel, 1988; Mockel, 1986; Rehage, 1984; Schoppe, 1986), Netherlands ( Foppen and Bergers, 1992; Foppen et al., 1989; Thissen and Hollander, 1996), Czech Republic and Slovakia (Andĕra, 1986, 1995; Andĕra and Cerveny, 1994; Hçrka, 1990; Kratochvíl, 1967; Obuch, 1998; Smaha, 1996), Poland ( Daoud, 1989; Jurczyszyn and Wolk, 1998; Pucek, 1983 a), Belarus, Lithuania ( Balciauskas, 1996; Juskaitis, 1995 a), Latvia (Pil~ts, 1995), Estonia including Suur Tutarsaar Isl ( Ernits, 1991 a; b; Masing and Timm, 1988), Finland, Ukraine ( Bezrodny, 1991; Zagorodnyuk, 1998), European Russia to S Urals ( Gromov and Erbajeva, 1995; Kuznetsov, 1965; Licha ev, 1972; Ognev, 1947), Switzerland ( Catzeflis, 1995 a; Maurizio, 1994), Austria ( Spitzenberger, 1983, 1996; Spitzenberger et al., 1995), Italy, including Sardegna, Eolian archipelago and Sicilia ( Amori et al., 1995, 1999, 2002 a; Cagnin and Aloise, 1995; Cristaldi and Amori, 1988; Locatelli and Paolucci, 1996 a; Sarà and Casamento, 1995 a; Scaravelli et al., 1995), Slovenia (Kryštufek, 2003), Croatia ( Petrov, 1992; Tvrtkovi et al., 1995; Vujoševi et al., 1993), Adriatic Isls ( Petrov, 1992; Tvrtkovi et al., 1995; Vujoševi et al., 1993), Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Petrov, 1992; Tvrtkovi et al., 1995), possibly Albania ( Prigioni, 1996), possibly Bulgaria, and perhaps Romania ( Istrate, 1998). See also Filippucci (1999), Kryštufek and Vohralík (1994) and Storch (1978 a).

Conservation: IUCN – Vulnerable.

Discussion: Roman record in England (probably introduced) reported by O'Conner (1986). It has been proposed (e.g., Petrov, 1992) that the E Adriatic population was introduced from S Italy, but analyses of chromosomal and allozyme data contradict this hypothesis and indicate that the E Adriatic and Italian populations exhibit many allelic differences and are characterized by chromosomal rearrangements and a relatively high Nei’s genetic distance ( Filippucci and Capanna, 1996; Vujoševi et al., 1993). These studies also indicate that the Dalmatian population was one of several that recolonized C Europe after the cold glacial periods of the late Pleistocene.

Rossolimo et al. (2001) reviewed E. quercinus , including illustrations of live animal, distributional, morphological, ecological, behavioral and other characteristics. Kryštufek and Kraft (1997) provided morphological taxonomic study of circum-Mediterranean populations. Moreno (1989) did a taxonomic study of Spanish populations, and Moreno et al. (1986) provided a systematic study of C European and Spanish populations. Grulich and Jurik (1994) studied morphometrics of a Slovakian population. Status discussed in a review of E Baltic mammals ( Timm et al., 1998) and included in a review of the ecological strategies of Baltic rodents ( Miljutin, 1998). Phallic and bacular structure and variation reported by Simson et al. (1995). Os penis figured by Didier (1953). Review of chromosomal studies and discussion of karyotypic variation within E. quercinus provided by Zima et al. (1995). Additional karyotypic data and analysis from European Russia given by Graphodatsky and Fokin (1993), from Czech Republic by Zima et al. (1997 b); from Formentera Isl by Ramalhinho and Libois (2001), from circum-Mediterranean populations and Europe by Filippucci and Capanna (1996), and from Serbia and Montenegro by Vujoševi et al. (1993). Comprehensive analyses of allozyme data and genetic relationships reported by Filippucci and Kotsakis (1995), Filippucci and Capanna (1996) and Vujoševi et al. (1993). Coronary arterial anatomy described by Sans-Coma et al. (1995). Social organization, home range and movement of NW Italy population studied by Bertolino et al. (1997). Ecology in Alpine habitat studied by Bertolino and Currado (2001). Human influence on geographical distribution discussed by Carpaneto and Cristaldi (1995). See comments under E. melanurus for allocation of North African populations. Recorded from Pleistocene in Europe ( Capasso Barbato and Gliozzi, 2001; Chaline, 1980; Cuenca Bescos, et al., 2001; Horacek, 1986; Kowalski, 2001; Storch, 1978 a). For synonyms see Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951) and Corbet (1978c).