Megagonoleon rebellis Machado, 2020

Machado, Renato Jose Pires & Oswald, John David, 2020, Morphological phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae), Zootaxa 4796 (1), pp. 1-322 : 244-248

Megagonoleon rebellis Machado , new species

( Figs. 126–128 )

http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ E9E71089-3949-4066-8EBB-182337F069AE

Diagnosis. Forewing with few brown marks; tibial spurs long, reaching T1 apex; male, paramere with tip rounded in posterior view; female ectoproct with few cavisetae; female, lateral gonapophysis about as large as ectoproct; female membranous digitiform process absent.

Description. Lengths: forewing: 21–25 mm; hind wing: 19–22 mm.

Head ( Figs. 126 a–b): Labrum pale, set with a line of elongate setae. Clypeus pale, with few short black setae. Frons almost entirely black, except for ventral margin pale; covered with short white setae. Gena pale. Vertex raised; in anterior view pale, with a central rounded dark brown spot and two small transverse lines laterally; in dorsal view mostly pale except for a central longitudinal black line, a central transverse sinuous line and two black spots posterolaterally; set with short black setae. Ocular setae absent. Antennae clubbed; elongate, about three times longer than pronotum; distance between antennae wider than scape width; all segments brown except by pale marks on basal segments in some specimens; torular membrane pale; flagellomeres wider than long especially apical ones; all segments set with short black setae. Mandibles pale, with tip dark. Palpi maxillary and labial pale with scattered dark brown marks. Apical labial palpomere fusiform, palpimacula opening oval-shaped, located medially.

Thorax ( Fig. 126b ): Pronotum slightly wider than long; posterior margin wider than anterior; subapical furrow present; mostly pale, with black lines as follows: a broad central line enclosing a thin pale medial line, two curved lateral lines wider on posterior region and enclosing a small pale area; covered with black setae, and few white setae on margins. Mesonotum mostly black except for a pale medial line on each side, enclosing a small dark area on scutum, and two small rounded pale spots near wings base; all segments set with short black setae. Metanotum mostly black except for a central pale area on prescutum and internal margin of scutum; set with short black setae. Pterothoracic pleura entirely black, except for some pale areas between sclerites in some specimens; covered with short white setae; Miller’s organ present.

Wings ( Figs. 126c ): Rather narrow with tip acute; anterior Banksian line present in both wings, posterior absent; longitudinal veins mostly black but with small white marks in some veins; crossveins mostly black but few white; beset with short black setae. Forewing membrane mostly hyaline with small brown marks around crossveins on mediocubital area, apical margin, surrounding gradate veins, and at subcostal area; pterostigma cream; CuA fork located between RP origin and first fork; three presectoral crossveins; subcostal veinlets simple; prefork area slightly wider than posterior area. Hind wing membrane mostly hyaline, except for small rhegmal brown infuscation and a small brown mark at subcostal area apex; MP fork located between RP origin and first fork; subcostal veinlets simple; one presectoral crossvein.

Legs ( Figs. 126 a–b): All pairs of legs, femur long (> 2x length of coxa); femur, tibia and tarsi about same size; tibial spurs as long as T1 length; T2, T3 and T4 about same size, T1 longer than T2; and T5 slightly longer than T1; claws as long as half of T5 length; coxa, trochanter and femur set with short white setae; femur, tibia and tarsi set with short black setae, and scattered long setae on femur and tibia. Proleg sense hair absent; tibia with antennal cleaning setae ventroapically; coxa predominantly black but internal surface pale; trochanter pale; femur mostly brown except for a subapical ring and ventral surface pale; tibia pale with three brown rings, but ventral surface entirely pale in some specimens; tarsi pale with tip dark. Mesoleg with same colour pattern of proleg, except for ventral surface of femur brown with one subbasal and a subapical pale ring. Metaleg with femur and tibia slightly longer than in other legs; colour pattern similar to mesoleg, except for tibia, entirely pale with tip and a subbasal ring dark.

Abdomen: Entirely black but with scattered pale marks on tergites of some specimens; covered with short white setae, but with some black setae on apical segments.

Male Terminalia ( Figs. 127 a–c): Ectoproct posterior margin rounded in lateral view and set with elongate black setae. 9 th sternite short, with posterior margin curved in ventral view; covered with elongate black setae. Gonarcus broad in lateral view; arched with margins curved in posterior view. Mediuncus elongate in lateral view; broad and rounded in posterior view. Paramere broad in lateral view, curved with apex very sclerotized in posterior view.

Female Terminalia ( Figs. 127 d–e): Ectoproct posterior margin rounded, set with thin elongate setae and some cavisetae ventrally. Lateral gonapophyses rounded, slightly shorter than ectoproct, beset with cavisetae. 7 th sternite long with distal margin rounded with a central small concavity in ventral view; covered with short black setae. Pregenital plate in ventral view rhomboid, with anterior margin acute. Posterior gonapophyses elongate and thin, covered with long black setae. 9 th tergite with ventral margin without membranous digitiform process. Anterior gonapophyses absent. Ventral membrane gonapophyseal plates present.

Distribution ( Fig. 128 ). Australia: NT, QLD, SA, WA. Known from sparse records across mainland Australia; most records in southern half.

Adult activity period. Records for February to April; apparently a late summer/early fall emerging species

Biology. Unknown, larva unknown.

Etymology. rebellis (from Latin rebellis, rebellious), in allusion to the shape of the male gonarcus/mediuncus complex in posterodorsal view as a representation of the Alliance Starbird, a symbol of the rebel alliance in the Star Wars movie series.

Name-bearing type. Megagonoleon rebellis : Holotype (by present designation), male, SAMA. AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Illamurta Springs Conservation Park : 24 o 18’50’’S– 132 o 41’10’’E, at light, 25. March. 1993, J.A. Forrest & D. Hirst // 24-000123. Condition: pinned; good, anterior part of abdomen broken, but glued on a white card and pinned below the specimen.

Paratypes (5♂, 8♀). AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Andado Station: 25 km S Rodinga Range, 24 o 34’S– 135 o 16’E, 18.iii.1993, JA Forrest & D Hirst // 24-000122 (1♀, SAMA, pinned); Emily Gap: 6 m SE of Alice Springs , 17.ii.1966, Britton, Upton & McInnes (1♂, ANIC, pinned); Illamurta Springs Conservation Park: 24 o 18’50’’S– 132 o 41’10’’E, at light, 24. March. 1993, J.A. Forrest & D. Hirst // 24-000122 (1♀, SAMA, pinned); Ruby Gap National Park : 23 o 28’50’’S– 134 o 59’00’’E, 21.iii.1993, IA Forrest, D Hirst, at light (// 24-000124 1♂; // 24-000126 1♀, SAMA, pinned) ; Queensland: Miles : 15.iii.1990, T.A. Lambkin (1♀, QMBA, pinned) ; South Australia: Leigh Creek: x.1964 – iii.1965, G.C. Gregory (1♀, ANIC, pinned); Maryinna Hill Pitfalls: 27 o 01’S– 131 o 17’E, 14–18.iii.1995, Pitjantjatjara Lands Survey // 24-000125 (1♂, SAMA, pinned) ; Western Australia: 20 km N of Carnegie Station, 25 o 47.8’S– 122 o 58.8’E, 7.iii.2005, D. Brzoska (1♀, FSCA, pinned); 20 km N of Meekatharra , 26 o 25’22.7’’S– 118 o 35’25.6’’E, 5.iii.1994, R. Miller & L. Stange (2♂, 2♀, FSCA, pinned)

Additional material examined (13♂, 9♀). AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Areyonga : 1958 (1♂, SAMA) ; Illamurta Springs Conservation Park : 24 o 18’50’’S– 132 o 41’10’’E, 23.iii.1993, JA Forrest & D Hirst (1♀, SAMA) ; 25.iii.1993 (1♀, SAMA) ; Ruby Gap National Park : 23 o 28’50’’S– 134 o 59’00’’E, 21.iii.1993, IA Forrest, D Hirst, at light (1♀, SAMA) ; 20.iii.1993 (1♀, SAMA) ; Queensland: Eulo : 30.iii.1941 (1♀, QMBA) ; Thargomin- dah: 3.iv.1941 (1♂, 2♀, QMBA) ; South Australia: 8.4 km ENE of Boolcoomatta Station Reserve, 31 o 55’28’’S– 140 o 36’27’’E, 6–9.iv.2007, pit trap, Boolcoomatta Survey, R. Hutchinson (1♂, SAMA) ; Junction Watercress and Moralana Creek: Valley of a thousand Hills , 27.iii.1970, G. Gross (1♀, SAMA) ; Mount Chambers Gorge : iii.1973 (1♂, SAMA) ; Mount Painter : Flinders Range, H.G. Stokes (4♂, SAMA) ; Western Australia: 20 km N of Carnegie Station , 25 o 47.8’S– 122 o 58.8’E, 7.iii.2005, D. Brzoska (2♂, 2♀, FSCA) ; 19 km W of Coolgardie , 7.ii.1994, R. Miller & L. Stange (1♂, FSCA) ; 20 km N of Meekatharra , 26 o 25’22.7’’S– 118 o 35’25.6’’E, 5.iii.1994, R. Miller &

L. Stange (2♂ FSCA). Comments. See Comments for Megagonoleon breviplectron sp. nov .

Figures

FIGURE 126. Megagonoleon rebellis sp. nov.: a) head, anterior; b) head and thorax, dorsal; c) wings, dorsal.

FIGURE 127. Megagonoleon rebellis sp. nov.: male: a) terminalia, lateral; b) genitalia, lateral; c) genitalia, posterior; female: d) terminalia, lateral; e) 7th sternite and pregenital plate, ventral. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 128. Distribution of Megagonoleon species (part).