Psilochorus utahensis Chamberlin, 1919

Slowik, Jozef, 2009, A review of the cellar spider genus Psilochorus Simon 1893 in America north of Mexico (Araneae: Pholcidae), Zootaxa 2144, pp. 1-53 : 44-52

Psilochorus utahensis Chamberlin, 1919

Figs. 176–186, 195

Types. ɗ holotype and Ψ allotype from Clear Lake (39.10 N, 112.62 W), Millard County, Utah, USA; coll: R V Chamberlin, Aug-Sep-1917, MCZ 451. Not examined. ɗ and Ψ paratype; USA, Utah, Millard County, Fillmore Canyon (38.94 N, 113.05 W) and Pine Canyon (38.95 N, 112.37) MCZ. Not examined.

Specimens examined. 188 ɗ, 194 Ψ; USA, Arizona, Cochise County, 1 ɗ, Boquiallas Ranch, scrub by river 2, Soykan C, Sep-2005, DMNS, ZA.13576; 1 Ψ, Boquiallas Ranch, scrub by river 2, Soykan C, Jun- 2005, DMNS, ZA.13577; 1 Ψ, Gray Hawk Nature Center, scrub far from river 1, Soykan C, Jun-2005, DMNS, ZA.13650; 1 ɗ, Herb Martyr Dam, S of Portal, Vogel B, 9-Aug-1972, DMNS, ZA.9084; 1 ɗ, Hereford Bridge, scrub by river 2, Soykan C, May-2005, DMNS, ZA.13522; 1 ɗ, same locale, Soykan C, Aug-2005, DMNS, ZA.13523; 1 ɗ, same locale, Soykan C, Jul-2005, DMNS, ZA.13524; 1 ɗ, same locale, Soykan C, Jun-2005, DMNS, ZA.13532; 1 ɗ, Portal, no collector, 20-Jun-1968, AMNH; 4 Ψ, Portal, Durden B & C, 1- Jul-1970, DMNS, ZA.669; 3 Ψ, Portal, Durden B & C, 9-Jul-1970, DMNS, ZA.657; 1 ɗ, Portal, Vogel B, 10- Jul-1970, DMNS, ZA.8922; 4 Ψ, Portal, Vogel B, 23-Jun-1970, DMNS, ZA.1943; 1 ɗ, San Pedro House, mesquite bosque 1, Soykan C, May-2005, DMNS, ZA.13611; 1 ɗ, Wilcox Playa, Z Lemann, 30-Jul-1998, AMNH; Coconino County, 1 ɗ, Grand Canyon National Park, C Brantley, 13-Apr-2003, UNM; 3 ɗ, same locale, C Brantley, 12-Apr-2003, UNM; Maricopa County, 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Gilbert/ S Gratlop, 01-Aug-2005, EM; 1 ɗ, Phoenix, M Holden, 19-May-2001, EM; Pima County, 1 Ψ, Florida Canyon, Z Lemann, 03-Aug-1998, AMNH; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Tucson, 30-Mar-1975, EM; Pinal County, 1 Ψ, Casa Grande, 21-Aug-1993, EM; Yuma County, 1 Ψ, Kofa, Livingston's Well, S Banks, 07-Jun-1971, CAS; California, 1 Ψ, Little Rock, K DiPasquale, 26-May-2002, NHMLA; Imperial County, 1 ɗ, Salton Sea, array 10, USGS San Diego, Mar- 2001, DMNS, ZA.14061; 1 Ψ, Salton Sea, array 17, USGS San Diego, Mar-2002, DMNS, ZA.14058; 1 ɗ, Salton Sea, array 3, USGS San Diego, Apr-2001, DMNS, ZA.14059; 1 Ψ, Salton Sea, array 7, USGS San Diego, Dec-2001, DMNS, ZA.14060; Inyo County, 1 ɗ, Bircham Springs, China Lake NAWS, Pratt/Pierce, 22-Jun–10-Aug-1996, EM; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Birchum Spring, Argus Mtns, China lake Naval weapons center, G Pratt, W Savery, D Ubick, 30-May-1997, CAS; 1 ɗ, China Lake NAWS, 4 mi N Flight Ln & G1 roads, White Hills, Pratt/Pierce, 21-Jun–9-Aug-1998, EM; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Coso Hot Springs, China Lake Naval Weapons Center, G Pratt, W Savary, D Ubick, 29-May-1997, CAS; Kern County, 1 ɗ, Baby Mtn Sand Dunes, Ridgecrest, 4- Mar–14 Jun-1984, EM; 1 Ψ, Buena Vista Valley, 16-Mar-2006, EM; 1 ɗ, same locale, 28-Apr-2005, EM; 1 ɗ, same locale, 16-Mar-2006, EM; 1 ɗ, same locale, 16-Mar-2006, EM; 1 ɗ, same locale, 28-Apr-2005, EM; 1 ɗ, same locale, 16-Mar-2006, EM; 1 Ψ, China La Ke, 13–14-Nov-71, NHMLA; 2M, Edwards AFB, East Rosemond Hills, at night, Pratt/ Bolyn, 13-Jun-1995, EM; M 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 10, USGS San Diego, Jun-2003, DMNS, ZA.14085; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Jul-2003, DMNS, ZA.14084; 1 ɗ, 3 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Jun-2003, DMNS, ZA.14063; 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 11, USGS San Diego, Jan-2004, DMNS, ZA.14071; 1 Ψ, Same locale, USGS San Diego, Aug-2003, DMNS, ZA.14077; 1 Ψ, Same locale, USGS San Diego, October-2003, DMNS, ZA.14066; 1 ɗ, Dove Springs 1, array 12, USGS San Diego, Jun-2004, DMNS, ZA.14062; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Aug-2004, DMNS, ZA.14081; 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 13, USGS San Diego, Jun-2004, DMNS, ZA.14070; 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Dec-2003, DMNS, ZA.14079; 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Aug-2003, DMNS, ZA.14076; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Jul-2003, DMNS, ZA.14078; 1 ɗ, Dove Springs 1, Array 15, USGS San Diego, October-2003, DMNS, ZA.14091; 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Aug-2003, DMNS, ZA.14067; 2 ɗ, Dove Springs 1, Array 16, USGS San Diego, October-2003, DMNS, ZA.14073; 1 ɗ, Dove Springs 1, Array 17, USGS San Diego, Jun-2003, DMNS, ZA.14072; 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 19, USGS San Diego, Aug-2003, DMNS, ZA.14069; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, DMNS, ZA.14089; 2 ɗ, Dove Springs 1, Array 1, USGS San Diego, Aug-2003, DMNS, ZA.14080; 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Mar-2003, DMNS, ZA.14075; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 2, USGS San Diego, Aug-2004, DMNS, ZA.14090; 1 ɗ, Dove Springs 1, array 4, USGS San Diego, Jun-2004, DMNS, ZA.14064; 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 7, USGS San Diego, Aug-2004, DMNS, ZA.14083; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 8, USGS San Diego, Jun- 2003, DMNS, ZA.14092; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Aug 2004, DMNS, ZA.14082; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 1, Array 9, USGS San Diego, Jun-2003, DMNS, ZA.14068; 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Aug- 2001, DMNS, ZA.14065; 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, October-2004, DMNS, ZA.14074; 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 2, Array 23, USGS San Diego, Aug-2004, DMNS, ZA.14105; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Jun-2004, DMNS, ZA.14104; 1 Ψ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Sep-2004, DMNS, ZA.14103; 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 2, Array 25, USGS San Diego, Aug-2003, DMNS, ZA.14106; 1 Ψ, Dove Springs 2, Array 26, USGS San Diego, Jan-2004, DMNS, ZA.14101; 1 ɗ, Dove Springs 2, Array 34, USGS San Diego, Jul-2003, DMNS, ZA.14102; Los Angeles County, 2 ɗ, Edwards AFB, East Rosemond Hills, at night, Pratt/ Bolyn, 13- Jun-1995, EM; Riverside County, 1 Ψ, Boyd Res Center, 19–20-Mar-1978, EM; 1 Ψ, Coachella Valley Des Res, 16–19-Nov-2002, EM; 1 Ψ, same locale, 16–19-Nov-2002, EM; 1 ɗ, Coachella Valley Preserve, 1–2- May-2003, EM; 1 Ψ, same locale, 29–30-May-2003, EM; 1 ɗ, Coachella Valley W of Snow Creek, 38105, EM; 1 ɗ, Coachella Valley Whitewater flood-plain reserve, 22–23-May-2003, EM; 1 Ψ, same locale, 22–23- May-2003, EM; 1 Ψ, same locale, 22–23-May-2003, EM; 1 ɗ, Deep Cyn, Boyd Res Center, 19–20-Mar-1978, EM; 1 ɗ, Diamond valley lake, 3–6-Aug-2004, EM; 1 Ψ, Hwy 111 & Whitewater, Pit Trap, G R Rallmer, 13- May-1989, EM; 1 ɗ, Joshua Tree N M, Chinaco Summit, W H Sakai, 09-Mar-1996, EM; 1 ɗ, Joshua Tree N M, Chiricaco Summit, W H Sakai, 09-Mar-1996, EM; 1 ɗ, Joshua Tree N M, Pinto Basin, J Freilich, 30-Apr- 1995, EM; 1 ɗ, Joshua Tree N M, Pinto Bells, W H Sakai, 17-Mar-1996, EM; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Lake Perris, 25-Feb- 1975, EM; 1 Ψ, Lake Perris, Don Boe, 26-Nov-1978, EM; 1 ɗ, Potreeo Cyn, 2–5-Aug-2004, EM; 1 Ψ, Potrero Cyn, 2–5-Aug-2004, EM; 1 ɗ, Riverside County, Saul Frommer, 13-Aug-1993, EM; 1 Ψ, S of Eagle Mountain, 23–25-Apr-2001, EM; 1 Ψ, EM Agri Operations, R Vetter, under trash, 25-Jul-2006, EM; 1 Ψ, Whitewater Delta, 23–26-Jul-2003, EM; 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ, Mesa, array 3, USGS San Diego, Aug-2000, DMNS, ZA.14052; 1 ɗ, Mesa, array 3, USGS San Diego, Aug-2000, DMNS, ZA.14053; 1 ɗ, Mesa, array 3, USGS San Diego, Apr-2000, DMNS, ZA.14054; San Bernardino County, 1 Ψ, Fort Irwin, 06-May-2005, NHMLA; PLATE 21. Figures 176–181. Psilochorus utahensis Chamberlin. 176–181. Male. 176. Dorsal view of chelicerae. 177. Lateral view of chelicera. 178–179. Dorsal view of bulb apophysis. 180. Lateral view of procursus. 181. Lateral view of cleared procursus.

PLATE 22. Figures 182–186. Psilochorus utahensis Chamberlin. 182–186. Epigynum. 182. Anterior view. 183. Ventral view. 184. Posterior view. 185. Dorsal view. 186. Lateral view.

1 Ψ, Fort Irwin, 23-Mar-2004, NHMLA; 1 ɗ, Fort Irwin, 05-May-2005, NHMLA; 1 Ψ, Fort Irwin, 20-May- 2005, NHMLA; 1 ɗ, Fort Irwin, 12-Apr-2005, NHMLA; 1 ɗ, Hesperia, 01-Sep-2005, NHMLA; 1 Ψ, Hesperia, 01-Mar-2005, NHMLA; 1 ɗ, Pisah Lava Flow, B Banta, Sta 11, 23-May-1959, CAS; 1 Ψ, Pisgah Crater, 12-Jul-1962, NHMLA; 1 Ψ, same locale, 12-Apr-1961, NHMLA; 1 Ψ, same locale, 18-Aug-1962, NHMLA; 1 ɗ, same locale, 19-Nov-1962, NHMLA; 1 Ψ, same locale, 19-Nov-1962, NHMLA; 1 ɗ, same locale, 11-Feb-1961, NHMLA; 1 Ψ, same locale, 07-Apr-1962, NHMLA; 1 Ψ, Barstow, C E Linn, 05-Apr- 1974, CAS; 2 Ψ, Granite Cove, 5 mi N I40 on Lakbaker Rd, E. Fessler, EM; 3 Ψ, Newbery[New Berry Sprgs], W M Pearce, 16-Jul-1939, EM; 1 Ψ, Pisah Lava Flow, B Banta, Sta 10, 24-May-1960, CAS; 1 ɗ, Covington Flats, Array 1, USGS San Diego, Jul-2000, DMNS, ZA.14048; 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ, Covington Flats, Array 2, USGS San Diego, Aug-2000, DMNS, ZA.14045; 1 ɗ, Covington Flats, Array 4, USGS San Diego, Jul-2000, DMNS, ZA.14050; 4 Ψ, Covington Flats, Array 5, USGS San Diego, Jul-2001, DMNS, ZA.14047; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, DMNS, ZA.14051; 2 ɗ, Covington Flats, Array 9, USGS San Diego, Jul-2001, DMNS, ZA.14049; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Jul-1999, DMNS, ZA.14046; 1 ɗ, Joshua Tree N M, array 1, USGS San Diego, Apr-1999, DMNS, ZA.14096; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Aug-2000, DMNS, ZA.14097; 1 Ψ, Joshua Tree N M, array 2, USGS San Diego, Jun-2002, DMNS, ZA.14098; 1 ɗ, same locale, USGS San Diego, Apr-2000, DMNS, ZA.14099; 1 ɗ, Marine Corps, Air Ground Combat Ctr. Array 4, USGS San Diego, Jul-2001, DMNS, ZA.14055; 1 ɗ, Marine Corps, Air Ground Combat Ctr. Array 9, USGS San Diego, Jul-2001, DMNS, ZA.14056; San Diego County, 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ, W Entrance, Anza-Borrego Park, D Boe, 03-Nov-1984, EMEM; New Mexico, Hidalgo County, M 4 Ψ, 2 mi W Antelope Pass, 23-Mar-1963, CU; 4 ɗ, 3 Ψ, Lordsburg- Yucca -Ephedra, 14-Sep-1972, DPI; 3 ɗ, 2 Ψ, same locale, 01-Aug-1973, DPI; 1 ɗ, 5 Ψ, same locale, 03-Sep-1972, DPI; 8 ɗ, 4 Ψ, same locale, 01-Oct-1973, DPI; 5 ɗ, 2 Ψ, same locale, 31-May-1973, DPI; 1 ɗ, 5 Ψ, same locale, 14-Jun-1973, DPI; 16 ɗ, 13 Ψ, same locale, 15-Sep-1973, DPI; 10 ɗ, 10 Ψ, same locale, 01-Sep-1973, DPI; 5 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same locale, 30-Jun-1972, DPI; 1 Ψ, same locale, 15-Jul-1972, DPI; 2 ɗ, 2 Ψ, same locale, 31-Aug-1972, DPI; 1 ɗ, same locale, 29-Apr-1973, DPI; 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same locale, 16-Nov- 1972, DPI; 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same locale, 15-Oct-1973, DPI; 6 ɗ, 3 Ψ, same locale, 16-Aug-1973, DPI; 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ, same locale, 01-Nov-1973, DPI; 5 Ψ, same locale, 15-May-1973, DPI; 2 ɗ, 6 Ψ, same locale, 15-May-1972, DPI; 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same locale, 03-May-1972, DPI; 9 ɗ, 3 Ψ, same locale, 18-Apr-1972, DPI; 2 ɗ, 5 Ψ, same locale, 29- Jun-1973, DPI; 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same locale, 14-Jul-1972, DPI; 1 Ψ, same locale, 16-Apr-1973, DPI; 2 Ψ, same locale, 16-Jul-1973, DPI; 1 Ψ, same locale, 16-Mar-1973, DPI; 6 ɗ, 4 Ψ, same locale, 01-Jun-1972, DPI; 1 ɗ, 4 Ψ, same locale, 14-Oct-1972, DPI; 11 ɗ, 10 Ψ, same locale, 16-Aug-1972, DPI; Nevada, Clark County, 1 Ψ, Mesquite, 20-Jun-1969, NHMLA; Mineral County, 1 Ψ, Teel's Marsh, E & S anderson, 31-Jul-1973, CAS; Texas, Blanco County, 1 ɗ, 1 Mi N of Rt 290 on Rd 3232 to Pedernales Falls S P, F Coyle, MCZ 67958, 11- May-1982, MCZ; Utah, San Juan County, 1 Ψ, La Sal Mtns, W Ivie, 29-Oct-1931, AMNH.

Diagnosis. Specimens may be distinguished by: male spur is long, sharply pointed, curves smoothly inward when viewed dorsally (Fig. 176), MEP without ridges (Fig. 182), narrow PEP projection with the dmPEP not touching (Fig. 183).

Male: (N=5) Total length: 3.23 ± 0.04; carapace length: 1.38 ± 0.09; carapace width: 1.32± 0.08; leg 1: 21.54 ± 2.49 (5.71 ± 0.59 + 0.47 ± 0.03 + 6.11 ± 0.73 + 7.84 ± 0.97 + 1.40 ± 0.21); tibia 2: 4.27 ± 0.57; tibia 3: 3.55 ± 0.46; tibia 4: 4.43 ± 0.46. 20–22 leg I tarsal segments; femur1/carapace length: 4.15 ± 0.26; RT at 11.9–15.8%; DT at 6.0–11.0%. Color typical for the genus. Spur large, curved in dorsal view to a sharp point (Fig. 176), originating from the proximal area of the chelicerae (Fig. 177). Procursus long, distal area with a dorsal step, end squared (Fig. 180). Procursus appears forked when cleared (Fig. 181). Bulb apophysis singular, straight with a rounded tip, projecting from the center of the bulb. Retrolateral tab long, narrow, extending almost to bulb apophysis tip (Figs. 178, 179).

Female: (N=5) Total length: 3.77 ± 0.55; carapace length: 1.38 ± 0.10; carapace width: 1.40± 0.09; leg 1: 19.2 ± 2.43 (5.08 ± 0.62 + 0.48 ± 0.07 + 5.50 ± 0.79 + 6.89 ± 0.90 + 1.25 ± 0.08); tibia 2: 3.91 ± 0.70; tibia 3: 3.02 ± 0.38; tibia 4: 3.88 ± 0.52. 20–23 leg I tarsal segments; femur1/carapace length: 3.67 ± 0.36; RT at 13.6–15.5%; DT at 6.2–7.7%. Color typical for the genus. No AEP. MEP rounded with excised area for PEP projection being smoothly curved (Fig. 183). PEP rounded, PEP projection as long as wide, dmPEP not touching (Fig. 184). Pore plates drop shaped, with the pointed ends converging anteriorly. PEP tubes long, weakly curved, extending through dmPEP to rear of PEP (Fig. 185).

Remarks. Males are very similar to P. hesperus and differences are outlined under P. hesperus . Females can be separated from P. i m i t a t u s by the dmPEP not touching and the curve around the PEP projection on the MEP being smooth. Internal characteristics also can be used to separate the two.

Distribution. Southwestern United States.