Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, 2025

(SOSA), Senckenberg Ocean Species Alliance, Andrade, Luiz F., Boyko, Christopher B., Brandt, Angelika, Buge, Barbara, Dávila Jiménez, Yasmín, Henseler, Mats, Hernández Alcántara, Pablo, Jóźwiak, Piotr, Knauber, Henry, Marcondes Machado, Fabrizio, Martínez-Muñoz, Carlos A., Momtazi, Farzaneh, Nakadera, Yumi, Qiu, Jian-Wen, Riehl, Torben, Rouse, Greg W., Sigwart, Julia D., Sirenko, Boris, Souza-Filho, Jesser F., Steger, Jan, Stępień, Anna, Tilic, Ekin, Trautwein, Bianca, Vončina, Katarzyna, Williams, Jason D. & Zhang, Junlong, 2025, Ocean Species Discoveries 13 – 27 — Taxonomic contributions to the diversity of Polychaeta, Mollusca and Crustacea, Biodiversity Data Journal 13, pp. e 160349-e 160349 : e160349-

Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl sp. nov.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62946 ; recordNumber: KBHap 003; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: C7CBAC4D-BD5E-557E-B66D-85C1D2AF559A; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-10 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5264-5266 m; verbatimLatitude: 41°11'16.188''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°5'36.888''E; decimalLatitude: 41.18783; decimalLongitude: 150.09358; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 26. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-10 - 09; Record Level: collectionID: Crustacea; institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62947 ; recordNumber: KBHap 004; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 1F5497CF-228B-5015-B6B1-293994CF9A30; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-10 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5264-5266 m; verbatimLatitude: 41°11'16.188''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°5'36.888''E; decimalLatitude: 41.18783; decimalLongitude: 150.09358; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 26. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-10 - 09; Record Level: collectionID: Crustacea; institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62948 ; recordNumber: KBHap 005; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 297F6FA9-A715-5427-BD57-EBCC4CEDFAAB; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean KuramBio station SO 223-10 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5264-5266 m; verbatimLatitude: 41°11'16.188''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°5'36.888''E; decimalLatitude: 41.18783; decimalLongitude: 150.09358; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 26. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-10 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62949 ; recordNumber: KBHap 011; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: C3ADCEA9-307F-5AF8-86FB-BF41665F52AD; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62950 ; recordNumber: KBHap 012; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: DE20034C-9543-50F7-BE92-8F2982423588; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62951 ; recordNumber: KBHap 013; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: DDC1F330-B393-54FF-B6BD-3E96D6A23ED4; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62952 ; recordNumber: KBHap 014; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 1C11618E-1084-5692-9F9D-9DA52699D85B; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62953 ; recordNumber: KBHap 015; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 01DE2A09-15AB-5C55-A11F-56C724499F9F; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-10 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5264-5266 m; verbatimLatitude: 41°11'16.188''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°5'36.888''E; decimalLatitude: 41.18783; decimalLongitude: 150.09358; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 26. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-10 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62954 ; recordNumber: KBHap 016; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 286E2FC4-BDA3-5A4D-BDFF-045F736C159E; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-10 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5264-5266 m; verbatimLatitude: 41°11'16.188''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°5'36.888''E; decimalLatitude: 41.18783; decimalLongitude: 150.09358; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 26. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-10 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62955 ; recordNumber: KBHap 017; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: CBD96BF5-EFC2-5049-A53D-A52EB5DE1A9D; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-10 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5264-5266 m; verbatimLatitude: 41°11'16.188''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°5'36.888''E; decimalLatitude: 41.18783; decimalLongitude: 150.09358; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 26. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-10 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62956 ; recordNumber: KBHap 018; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 3E8E3D3F-9F71-52C2-A8BD-F50CE7147046; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62957 ; recordNumber: KBHap 019; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: D2BC8647-7AAB-5E93-A45F-D9F73A52E45C; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62958 ; recordNumber: KBHap 020; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 774F1232-C5C3-5F72-8239-2666504C745A; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July 21 - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62959 ; recordNumber: KBHap 021; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: E4C6FCDC-B423-5423-ABE7-2452ED74FC87; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62960 ; recordNumber: KBHap 022; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 9AB51605-AF2A-52AE-AB02-D160266E20D6; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62961 ; recordNumber: KBHap 023; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: juvenile; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 64FB98CA-0ED0-5700-A563-C215C1A9DAE6; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62962 ; recordNumber: KBHap 024; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); occurrenceID: 6D727CF7-1F5E-5FDD-92DA-D69DC959FA7A; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62963 ; recordNumber: KBHap 145; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: anterior body only (ETOH); occurrenceID: 793E20C4-A245-56EB-AB40-F939E117F518; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62964 ; recordNumber: KBHap 146; individualCount: 1; sex: indet.; lifeStage: indet.; preparations: anterior body only (ETOH); occurrenceID: AF33497D-95CB-5389-9AD6-958DFE47003C; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: SMF 62965 ; recordNumber: KBHap 147; individualCount: 1; sex: indet.; lifeStage: indet.; preparations: anterior body only (ETOH); occurrenceID: 5F294075-2B30-5D14-87D2-D075E6E1A7C4; Taxon: scientificName: Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Haploniscidae ; genus: Haploniscus ; specificEpithet: bulbosus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Henseler, Knauber & Riehl; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Pacific Ocean; locality: North-west Pacific Ocean, KuramBio station SO 223-09 - 09 ; verbatimDepth: 5399-5421 m; verbatimLatitude: 40°34'22.8''N; verbatimLongitude: 150°59'54.888''E; decimalLatitude: 40.573; decimalLongitude: 150.99858; Identification: identifiedBy: Henry Knauber; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Brandt A, Malyutina MV (2012) The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka Biodiversity Study): to the Kurile Kamchatka Trench and abyssal plain on board of the R / V SONNE, 223 rd Expedition, 21 July - 7 September 2012. University of Hamburg; Biozentrum Grindel & Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg. Cruise Report, 100 pp. Available from: http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb13/741102293.pdf.; eventDate: 23. 08. 2012; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 223-09 - 09; Record Level: institutionCode: SMF; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Description of male

Body (Fig. 30 A, C, E; Fig. 31 ; Fig. 32 ; Fig. 33 A; Fig. 34 A) length 1.8 mm, 3.5–3.6 width; elongated, cylindrical; non-conglobating; anterior body length (Ceph – Prn 4) 0.97 posterior body length ( Prn 5 – Plt); lateral margin interrupted between anterior and posterior body, otherwise continuous; tergite surfaces tuberculate, posterior body medially with less visible ornamentation.

Ceph (Figs 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ) length 0.67 width, 0.16 body length, width 0.86 body width; trapezoidal, tergite surface tuberculate; anterolateral angles rounded, not projecting; frontal margin concave, width 0.63 Ceph width.

Prn 1 (Figs 31 , 33 , 34 ) posterior tergite margin through Prn 5 anterior tergite margin smooth, setose. Prn 4 (Figs 31 , 33 , 34 posterolateral angle non-projecting, rounded, Prn 4 lateral margin length 1.2 Prn 5 (Figs 31 , 33 , 34 ) lateral margin length; Prn 5 anterolateral angle not projecting, rounded; Prn 7 (Figs 31 , 33 , 34 ) shape similar to Prn 6; Prn 5 and Prn 6 as well as Prn 7 and Plt tergites medially conjoined, segment borders not expressed; Prn 1-7 posterolateral margin with single associated seta.

Plt (Figs 31 , 33 , 34 ) length 0.32 body length, lateral margin anteriorly convex, caudally concave, posterior margin rounded, convex; tergite surface tuberculate, less distinct medially than in remaining body; with a pair of tubercules; posterolateral processes minute, less than 0.10 Plt length, straight, tapering to blunt point, orientated posteriorly.

A 1 (Fig. 35 A) length 0.20 body length; flagellum with 4 art. A 2 (Fig. 35 B) length 0.36 body length; article 3 length subsimilar width, dorsal projection acutely elongated, orientated dorsally, projection length 0.67 article 3 length; article 5 length subsimilar width, ovoid shape (" inflated "), bulbous; art 6 ovoid with distal subtriangular projection; flagellum with 10 art.

Md (Fig. 36 D, E) incisor with five cusps, left Md lacinia mobilis with five cusps, palp length subequal mandible length, palp article 2 curved. Mxp (Fig. 36 A-C) with two coupling hooks, respectively.

P 1 (Fig. 37 E) length 0.46 body length. P 2 (Fig. 37 ) length 0.61 body length. P 3 (Fig. 37 B) length 0.60 body length. P 6 (Fig. 37 D) length 0.69 body length. P lengths gradually increasing from P 1 to P 6, P 7 shorter than P 6. P carpi, propodi and dactyli inner margins fringed by comb-like scale rows.

Plp 1 (Fig. 38 A) proximal half trapezoid, distal half subrectangular; lateral lobes indistinct, fused with medial lobes; medial lobes quadrangle, adjoining at apex. Plp 2 (Fig. 38 B, C) protopod elongate, suboval, distal margin with continuous row of elongated simple setae, lateral margin with 1–3 short simple setae; endopod stylet short, about half as long as protopod. Urp (Figs 31 , 33 , 34 ) cylindrical, short, projecting caudally as far as posterior Plt apex; socket position recessed in sternal fold laterally to anal valve.

Description of the adult female paratype ( SMF 62953; where different from male)

Body (Fig. 30 B, D, F; Fig. 39 ; Fig. 33 B, Fig. 34 B) length 2.0 mm, 3.4 width; anterior body length (Ceph – Prn 4) 0.99 posterior body length ( Prn 5 – Plt). Ceph (Fig. 39 ; Fig. 33 B; Fig. 34 B) length 0.58 width, 0.14 body length, width 0.80 body width; width 0.58 Ceph width. Prn 4 (Fig. 39 ; Fig. 33 B; Fig. 34 B) lateral margin length 0.78 Prn 5 lateral margin length. Plt (Fig. 39 ; Fig. 33 B; Fig. 34 B) length 0.30 body length.

A 1 (Fig. 35 D) flagellum with 3 art. A 2 (Fig. 35 C) length 0.36 body length; projection length 0.67 art 3 length; art 5-6 cylindrical; flagellum with 7 art. Op (Fig. 30 F; Fig. 39 B) length 1.1 width, 0.53 Plt length; anteriorly with median bulge, otherwise circular, surface smooth.

Type material

Holotype ( SMF 62946), adult male (stage V), 1.8 mm. Paratypes ( SMF 62947), adult male (stage V), 1.8 mm and adult female (stage IV), 2.0 mm ( SMF 62953).

Material examined

Holotype ( SMF 62946) and paratypes ( SMF 62947, SMF 62953) examined and measured, plus 17 additional specimens from the type locality and another close station on the abyssal plains southeast of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench ( SMF 62948–62952, 62954–62965).

Type locality

Northwest Pacific, abyssal plain of the greater Kuril Kamchatka Trench region, KuramBio expedition, St. SO 223-10 - 09, R / V SONNE, EBS, 5264–5266 m, 41°11.37'N – 41°11.17'N, 150°05.63'E – 150°05.60'E.

Sexual dimorphism

Female differs in the following characters: larger body size, A 1 with three instead of four flagellar art, shape of A 2 peduncular art 5–6 less ovoid and bulbous, A 2 flagellum with elongate, slender art instead of broad and short art.

Diagnosis

Morphological diagnosis: Body shape elongated, subcylindrical. Cephalothorax frontal margin concave, rostrum absent. Posterior pereonites and pleotelson medially conjoined, segment borders not expressed. Pleotelson lateral margin anteriorly convex, caudally concave, posterior margin rounded, convex. Antenna 2 article 3 dorsal projection acutely elongated; articles 5–6 ovoid (in males); article 6 with subtriangular projection. Sexual dimorphism present.

Molecular diagnosis: Differing in the COI gene from other congeneric NWP species in the nucleotides T (position 96 of alignment), C (108), G (164), G (189), C (287), T (297), G (299), G (300), T (369) and A (513).

Etymology

The name " bulbosus " is derived from Latin, meaning “ round ” or “ bulbous ” and refers to the unusual shape of the pleotelson as well as the peduncular articles 5 and 6 of the male antenna 2.

Distribution

Only known from two stations in the Northwest Pacific, abyssal plain of the greater Kuril-Kamchatka Trench Region.

Taxon discussion

Most haploniscid species possess a dorsoventrally flattened and oval body shape (see, for example, Lincoln (1985 a), Lincoln (1985 b)). Only some members of this family show an elongated, subcylindrical body shape similar to H. bulbosus sp. nov., which include H. spinifer Hansen, 1916 , H. ingolfi Wolff, 1962 and H. angustus Lincoln, 1985 from the Atlantic Ocean ( Hansen 1916, Wolff 1962, Lincoln 1985 b) as well as H. menziesi Birstein, 1963 and H. gibbernasutus Birstein, 1971 from the Northwest Pacific ( Birstein 1963, Birstein 1971).

The second antenna of H. bulbosus sp. nov. has a unique shape not observed in any other known haploniscid species, though certain features resemble character states typical of Antennuloniscus Menzies, 1962 and Chauliodoniscus Lincoln, 1985 . In particular, the subapical attachment of the second antenna flagellum in H. bulbosus sp. nov. is similar to that of Antennuloniscus alfi Würzberg & Brökeland, 2006 from the Southern Ocean, which also shares the presence of an acute distal tip on the sixth peduncular article. However, unlike H. bulbosus sp. nov., A. alfi possesses an elongated cylindrical body form and shows a fusion of the fifth and sixth peduncular articles of the second antenna, a feature diagnostic for Antennuloniscus species ( Würzberg and Brökeland 2006).

The fifth peduncular article of the second antenna in H. bulbosus sp. nov. is ovoid. A similar state occurs in several Chauliodoniscus species, such as C. tasmanaeus Lincoln, 1985 . In contrast, most Chauliodoniscus species, for example, C. quadrifrons Menzies, 1962 , bear prominent anterolateral projections that are absent in H. bulbosus sp. nov. Moreover, the lateral margins of the pereonites are more rounded and less projecting in H. bulbosus sp. nov. than in Chauliodoniscus . The overall body shape of H. bulbosus sp. nov. is elongate and subcylindrical. This habitus is also found in the Northwest Pacific species H. gibbernasutus and H. menziesi . However, H. bulbosus sp. nov. lacks the rostrum that is characteristic of H. gibbernasutus . It also differs from H. menziesi in the configuration of peduncular articles 5 and 6 of the second antenna, which are unique to H. bulbosus sp. nov., as well as in pleotelson morphology, which is not trapezoidal in H. bulbosus sp. nov., but is in H. menziesi . Furthermore, the frontal margin of the cephalothorax in H. bulbosus sp. nov. is evenly rounded, whereas H. menziesi exhibits a medial bulge.

Taken together, the antennal character states of H. bulbosus sp. nov. overlap with, but do not conform to, diagnostic features used in the definition of Antennuloniscus and Chauliodoniscus . Since some of these traits have been central to generic diagnoses, the combination of features in H. bulbosus sp. nov. highlights the need to re-evaluate apomorphies within the family. Ultimately, the unique mosaic of antennal features in H. bulbosus sp. nov. challenges several generic diagnoses currently applied within Haploniscidae and underscores the necessity for a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the family (cf. Brökeland and Raupach (2008)). This also reinforces the view that the genus Haploniscus , which accommodates H. bulbosus sp. nov., often functions as a repository for species lacking clear synapomorphies with other, more clearly defined genera ( Brökeland and Wägele 2004).

Notes

Methods

Haploniscus bulbosus sp. nov. was collected during the KuramBio expedition onboard R / V SONNE in 2012 ( Brandt and Malyutina 2012, Brandt and Malyutina 2015). Specimens were collected using a camera-epibenthic sledge (C-EBS) ( Brandt et al. 2013). Immediately after the C-EBS was brought back to deck, the processing of the samples was conducted following Riehl et al. (2014 b). The samples were preliminarily sorted on board to class / order level using stereomicroscopes. The sorting process continued at the home laboratory of the Senckenberg Institute using LEICA M 60 stereomicroscopes, sorting the specimens to (morpho-) species level.

After designating holo- and paratypes, voucher images were taken using a LEICA M 165 C motorised stereomicroscope, combined with a LEICA DMC 4500 camera and LAS-X software. Post-processing of the images was done using Adobe Photoshop 25.11.

After photographic imaging, the specimens were transferred into a 1: 1 solution of glycerine and 70 % denatured ethanol and stored for three days allowing the ethanol to evaporate slowly to avoid shrinking of the specimens while being transferred to glycerine. Temporary microscopy slides were prepared for scientific drawings of the habitus and appendages. All drawings were made using a LEICA DM 2500 LED microscope with camera lucida. To keep the male holotype intact, it was solely used for drawings of the habitus and the antennae ( in situ). For further analysis of the appendages, such as pereopods, mouthparts and pleopods, the male paratype was dissected. Pereopods were drawn separately after dissection. Digitalisation of the drawings was performed in Adobe Illustrator 28.6 following the standards of Coleman (2003).

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) was used to illustrate the habitus and appendages, including the mouthparts and pleopods. As for the scientific drawings, the specimens were transferred on to temporary slides. For CLSM scanning, the LEICA TCS SPE 2 and the LEICA LAS X software were utilised. Scans were made with a 405 nm laser at a resolution of 2048 x 2048 pixels. Habitus scans were made at 200 x magnification, while all appendages were scanned at 400 x magnification. The ImageJ 2 2.14 software was used to merge the resulting image stacks into single total projections and to assign pseudo-colours. Stitching of the multiple habitus scan images was done using Adobe Lightroom 7.5. Subsequent editing of the CLSM-scans was done with Adobe Photoshop.

Measurements were taken from the respective drawings and CLSM scans using the measurement tool in Adobe Acrobat 24.1. Body and antennal measurements are provided for all holo- and paratypes while mouthpart, pereopod and pleopod measurements stem from the male paratype. Body length as well as segment lengths were measured alongside the mid-axis from each specimens’ anterior cephalothorax margin to the posterior pleotelson margin. Segments were measured at their greatest width, following the standards implemented by Hessler (1970). The species description was prepared using a DELTA ( Dallwitz 1980, Dallwitz 1993, Dallwitz et al. 2010) database for haploniscid isopods (Knauber et al., unpublished; Senckenberg Ocean Species Alliance (SOSA) et al. 2024). Specimens were deposited at the Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt, Germany.

The molecular diagnosis was prepared using the tools DeSigNate ( Hütter et al. 2020) and MolD ( Fedosov et al. 2022) (as embedded in iTaxoTools 0.1, Vences et al. (2021)), based on seven barcodes of the cytochrome-c-oxidase subunit I (COI). Amplification and sequencing were performed using the primer sets LCO 1490 / HCO 2198 ( Folmer et al. 1994) and LCO 1490 - JJ / HCO 2198 - JJ ( Astrin and Stüben 2008) and the settings described for Mastigoniscus minimus Wenz, Knauber & Riehl, 2024 ( Senckenberg Ocean Species Alliance (SOSA) et al. 2024). All sequences of H. bulbosus were compared to ones belonging to other known congeneric species from the NWP (Knauber, in preparation). Haploniscus hydroniscoides Birstein, 1963 was excluded from this comparison despite currently being placed within Haploniscus Richardson, 1908 , as its molecular identity is closer to Hydroniscus Hansen, 1916 (Knauber, unpublished). For DeSigNate, binary and asymmetric positions of the alignment with a discriminative power of 1.0 were considered. Using MolD, single nucleotide mDNCs were used to confirm the results of DeSigNate.

Specimen data for this description were (in parts) gathered via the Discovery Laboratory infrastructure of the SENCKENBERG OCEAN SPECIES ALLIANCE.

Repository: Material is deposited in the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt ( SMF).

Figures

Figure 30. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. macrophotographs. A, C, E male holotype (SMF 62946); B, D, F female paratype (SMF 62953). Scale bars: 1.8 mm.

Figure 31. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. male holotype (SMF 62946) habitus. A Lateral view; B Dorsal view; C Ventral view. Scale bars = 0.4 mm. Confocal laser-scanning micrographs with pseudo-colour.

Figure 32. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. male paratype (SMF 62947) habitus. A Dorsal view; B Ventral view; C Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.4 mm. Confocal laser-scanning micrographs with pseudo-colour.

Figure 33. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. dorsal habitus. A Male holotype (SMF 62946); B Female paratype (SMF 62953). Scale bar = 0.4 mm.

Figure 34. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. lateral habitus. A Male holotype (SMF 62946); B Female paratype (SMF 62953). Scale bar = 0.4 mm.

Figure 35. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. antennae of male holotype (SMF 62946; in situ) and female paratype (SMF 62953; in situ). A Male holotype antennula; B Male holotype antenna 2; C Female paratype antenna 2; D Female paratype antennula. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-D).

Figure 36. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. male paratype (SMF 62947) mouthparts. A Right maxilliped (dorsal); B Left maxilliped (dorsal; without epipod); C Left maxilliped (epipod); D Right mandible (ventral); E Left mandible (ventral); F Right maxilla; G Left maxilla. Scale bar = 0.15 mm. Confocal laser-scanning micrographs with pseudo-colour.

Figure 37. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. male paratype (SMF 62947) pereopods. A Pereopod 2; B Pereopod 3; C Pereopod 4; D Pereopod 6; E Pereopod 1. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.

Figure 38. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. male paratype (SMF 62947) pleopods. A Pleopod 1; B Right pleopod 2; C Left pleopod 2; D Pleopod 3; E Pleopod 5. Scale bar = 0.15 mm. Confocal laser-scanning micrographs with pseudo-colour.

Figure 39. Haploniscus bulbosus Henseler, Knauber & Riehl, sp. nov. female paratype (SMF 62953) habitus. A Dorsal view; B Ventral view; C Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.4 mm. Confocal laser-scanning micrographs with pseudo-colour.