Tychius crassifemoris ( Bajtenov, 1977 )

Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, Zootaxa 4856 (1), pp. 1-62 : 38-49

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0C2E90FC-25FD-455D-86A7-0BA8210C0A30
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4501866
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/632E87E8-FF9A-FFC1-E6D5-FE8CFA458019
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Tychius crassifemoris ( Bajtenov, 1977 )
status

Treatment

35. Tychius crassifemoris ( Bajtenov, 1977) View in CoL

( Figures 117–120 View FIGURES 109–120 , 123–124 View FIGURES 121–124 , 239–242 View FIGURES 221–242 , 305–306 View FIGURES 275–306 , 339 View FIGURES 307–339 , 351, 363 View FIGURES 340–363 , 396 View FIGURES 388–396 , 431 View FIGURES 397–431 , 457 View FIGURES 432–457 , 484 View FIGURES 458–484 )

Lepidotychius crassifemoris Bajtenov, 1977: 161 View in CoL . Caldara, 1986: 188 ( Tychius View in CoL ).

Material examined. CHINA: Shaanxi: Yulin, Jingbian, Sidaohaize (37°40’N; 108°50’E, 1331 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum , 22-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (11); Jingbian, Niuyuqin desertification control farm (37°38’N; E108°32’, 1347 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum , 21-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (10); Jinjisha reservoir (37°37’N; 108°28’E, 1346 m), Medicago sativa , leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (20); Dingbian, Xukengcun (37°30’N; 107°52’E, 1412 m), Medicago sativa , leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (27); Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum , 29-VII-1987 (1). Inner Mongolia: Otog Qianqi, Aozhen (38°9’N; 107°30’E; 1337 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum , 19-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (12); Dashatou (38°9’ N; 107°34’E, 1345 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum , 22-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (19); Chengchuan (37°53’N; 108°1’E, 1360 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum , 21-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (34).

Redescription. Length 1.95–2.45 mm ( Fig. 117–120 View FIGURES 109–120 ). Dorsal integument completely hidden by very dense, distinctly overlapped, broad, rounded to oval, yellowish scales, irregularly arranged on elytral interstriae; striae visible, with a row of thin scales. Rostrum (Rl/Rw 3.91–4.27 in male, 4.09–5.00 in female; Rl/Pl 0.61–0.70 in male, 0.71–0.78 in female) ( Fig. 239–242 View FIGURES 221–242 ) in lateral view slightly curved in both sexes, poorly sexually dimorphic. Eyes slightly convex. Pronotum slightly longer than wide (Pw/Pl 1.04–1.10), with subrectilinear sides in basal half. Elytra (Ew/Pw 1.10–1.35; El/Ew 1.50–1.75) rectangular, elongate and with subrectilinear sides in basal 2/3. Abdomen in female: ventrite 5 with a deep median fovea and with apical part bisinuous and protruding at middle ( Fig. 124 View FIGURES 121–124 ); pygidium with two lateral protuberances at its apex. Femora ( Fig. 305–306 View FIGURES 275–306 ) unarmed, tibiae ( Fig. 339 View FIGURES 307–339 ) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere ( Fig. 351 View FIGURES 340–363 ). Claws ( Fig. 363 View FIGURES 340–363 ) with small medial teeth, as long as 1/3 of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis ( Fig. 396 View FIGURES 388–396 ) with sides distinctly narrowing in basal quarter then parallel-sided until near apex, with subacute tip ( Fig. 431 View FIGURES 397–431 ) in dorsal view, with apex in lateral view slightly upturned, as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca ( Fig. 457 View FIGURES 432–457 ) with long parallel-sided ramus, short robust collum, moderately robust nodulus, cornu gradually narrowing to apex; spiculum ventrale ( Fig. 484 View FIGURES 458–484 ) with arms slightly spaced and convergent in basal half, then joined to apex.

Remarks and comparative notes. Apart from the short and weakly sexually dimorphic rostrum, this species is distinctly different from all others by two unique characters in the female: pygidium with two lateral protuberances and ventrite 5 with a median deep fovea and the posterior margin sinuous and prominent in the middle (see fig. 123 vs fig. 124).

Biology. Recently this species was collected on Hedysarum fruticosum Pall. var. mongolicum (Turcz) B. Fedtsch and Medicago sativa L.; we believe the latter association to be incidental.

Distribution. This species was previously known from Russia (Siberia) and Mongolia. New record from China (NMO SHA).

Key to species of Chinese Tychius View in CoL

1. Segments of antennal funicle, femora and tibiae almost completely hidden by recumbent to subrecumbent, subelliptical to subrounded scales ( Fig. 215–218 View FIGURES 197–220 , 283–306 View FIGURES 275–306 , 327–339 View FIGURES 307–339 , 340–351 View FIGURES 340–363 ). Spermatheca with base of ductus sclerotized ( Fig. 448–457 View FIGURES 432–457 ) ................................................................................................... 2

- Segments of antennal funicle, femora and tibiae visible between subrecumbent to suberect seta-like scales or less elongate scales ( Fig. 125–128 View FIGURES 125–148 , 243–282, 307–326). Spermatheca with ductus not sclerotized ( Fig. 432–447 View FIGURES 432–457 )................... 13

2. Pronotum completely concealed by partly imbricate, recumbent, wide, subrounded scales with recumbent, seta-like scales intermixed ( Fig. 73–100 View FIGURES 73–90 View FIGURES 91–108 ). Male pygidium with transverse ridge ( Fig. 121 View FIGURES 121–124 )........................................ 3

- Vestiture of pronotum otherwise ( Fig. 101–120 View FIGURES 91–108 View FIGURES 109–120 ). Male pygidium without transverse ridge ( Fig. 122 View FIGURES 121–124 )................... 9

3. Upper margin of rostrum in lateral view distinctly curved in basal third ( Fig. 212–222 View FIGURES 197–220 View FIGURES 221–242 ).............................. 4

- Upper margin of rostrum in lateral view almost straight in basal third ( Fig. 198–210 View FIGURES 197–220 )................................ 6

4. Tooth at base of claw 2/3 as long as claw ( Fig. 356–357 View FIGURES 340–363 ). Rostra as in Fig. 211–218................................ 5 View FIGURES 197–220

- Tooth at base of claw 1/3 as long as claw ( Fig. 358 View FIGURES 340–363 ). Rostra as in Fig. 219–222........................... 30 T View FIGURES 197–220 View FIGURES 221–242 . zhangi

5. Rostrum longer (Rl/Pl 0.85–0.93 in male, 0.90–0.97 in female), in lateral view distinctly tapered and slender from antennal insertion to apex especially in female ( Fig. 212, 214 View FIGURES 197–220 ); colour of vestiture on dorsum usually sulphur-yellow, more rarely grayish yellow ( Fig. 89–92 View FIGURES 73–90 View FIGURES 91–108 )....................................................................... 28 T. sulphureus View in CoL

- Rostrum shorter (Rl/Pl 0.83–0.84 in male, 0.82–0.85 in female), stout, in lateral view weakly tapered from antennal insertion to apex ( Fig. 216, 218 View FIGURES 197–220 ); colour of vestiture on dorsum grayish ( Fig. 93–96 View FIGURES 91–108 ).............................. 29 T. obrieni

6. Pronotum slightly curved at sides, distinctly narrower than elytra ( Fig. 73, 75, 85, 88 View FIGURES 73–90 ). Rostrum in lateral view slightly curved in apical 2/3, weakly sexually dimorphic ( Fig. 195–198, 207–210 View FIGURES 173–196 View FIGURES 197–220 ).............................................. 7

- Pronotum distinctly curved at sides, slightly narrower than elytra ( Fig. 77, 79, 81, 83 View FIGURES 73–90 ). Rostrum in lateral view curved at antennal insertion, distinctly sexually dimorphic ( Fig. 199–206 View FIGURES 197–220 )................................................ 8

7. Tooth at base of claw 1/3 as long as claw ( Fig. 352 View FIGURES 340–363 ). Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere ( Fig. 340 View FIGURES 340–363 )............................................................................................ 24 T. morawitzi View in CoL

- Tooth at base of claw 2/3 as long as claw ( Fig. 355 View FIGURES 340–363 ). Third tarsomere only moderately wider than second tarsomere ( Fig. 343 View FIGURES 340–363 )...................................................................................... 27 T. tachengicus

8. Rostrum in dorsal view subparallel-sided or feebly enlarged in apical fourth, in lateral view distinctly narrowed at apex ( Fig. 203–206 View FIGURES 197–220 ).................................................................................. 26 T. urbanus

- Rostrum in dorsal view narrowed in apical fourth, in lateral view subparallel-sided from antennal insertion to apex ( Fig. 199–202 View FIGURES 197–220 ).................................................................................. 25 T. winkleri View in CoL

9. Pronotum covered with flat, rectangular to subelliptical scales ( Fig. 105–108 View FIGURES 91–108 ). Tooth at base of claw robust, as long as 2/3 length of claw ( Fig. 360 View FIGURES 340–363 )......................................................................32 T. kaszabi View in CoL

- Pronotum covered with partly concave, round scales ( Fig. 101–102 View FIGURES 91–108 , 109–120 View FIGURES 109–120 ). Tooth at base of claw small, at most as long as 1/2 length of claw ( Fig. 359, 361–363 View FIGURES 340–363 )................................................................... 10

10. Rostrum in lateral view strongly curved in both sexes, especially in female ( Fig.232, 234 View FIGURES 221–242 )............... 33 T. gracilitubus View in CoL

- Rostrum in lateral view weakly curved................................................................... 11

11. Rostrum short (Rl/Pl 0.61–0.78), weakly sexually dimorphic ( Fig. 239–242 View FIGURES 221–242 ). Female with pygidium with two lateral protuberances and ventrite 5 with a median deep fovea and posterior margin sinuous and prominent at middle ( Fig. 124 View FIGURES 121–124 )........................................................................................ 35. T. crassifemoris View in CoL

- Rostrum longer (Rl/Pl 0.77–1.03), distinctly sexually dimorphic ( Fig. 223–224, 235–238 View FIGURES 221–242 ). Female with pygidium and ventrite 5 without particular characters ( Fig. 123 View FIGURES 121–124 )................................................................. 12

12. Rostrum nearly straight ( Fig. 224 View FIGURES 221–242 ) especially in female. Protibiae in male distinctly arcuate ( Fig. 334 View FIGURES 307–339 ).......31. T. bajtenovi View in CoL

- Rostrum more curved ( Fig. 236–238 View FIGURES 221–242 ) especially in female. Protibiae in male weakly arcuate ( Fig. 338 View FIGURES 307–339 )..........................................................................................................34. hedysaricus View in CoL

13. Scales on elytral interstriae 2–10 of two different forms, narrow and wide more or less intermixed (e.g. Fig. 13, 17 View FIGURES 1–18 , 25, 29 View FIGURES 19–36 ).. .................................................................................................. 14

- Scales on elytral interstriae 2–10 uniform, from narrow to wide (e.g. Fig. 37, 39, 51 View FIGURES 37–54 , 67 View FIGURES 55–72 )............................ 22

14. Elytral interstriae completely concealed by dense, imbricate, broad, oval to elliptical or lanceolate scales, unevenly arranged, with sparse narrow lanceolate scales feebly raised in part. Body length mm> 4.00 mm.................. 3 T. herculeanus

- Elytral vestiture otherwise. Body length usually <4.00 mm................................................... 15

15. Elytra subrectangular, with subparallel sides....................................................... 5 T. longulus View in CoL

- Elytra subglobose, oval to suboval-oblong, with more or less rounded sides (e.g. Fig. 17–32 View FIGURES 1–18 View FIGURES 19–36 )........................ 16

16 Funicle with six segments. Scales on interstriae and pronotum wide, oval ( Fig. 11–14 View FIGURES 1–18 )............... 6. T. praescutellaris View in CoL

- Funicle with seven segments. Scales on dorsal vestiture sometimes narrow at least in part........................... 17

17. Broad scales on elytral interstriae numerous and uniformly arranged throughout. Scales of middle row narrow, about 1/3–1/2 width of those on other rows on interstriae ( Fig. 29–32 View FIGURES 19–36 )............................................... 12 T. ovalis View in CoL

- Broad scales on elytral interstriae very sparse or at least covering only a portion of interstriae (e.g. Fig. 17–28 View FIGURES 1–18 View FIGURES 19–36 ).......... 18

18. Third tarsomere only slightly wider than second................................................ 10 T. thompsoni View in CoL

- Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second.............................................................. 19

19. Integument partly exposed between narrow hair-like scales ( Fig. 25–28 View FIGURES 19–36 )................................ 11 T. perrinae View in CoL

- Integument almost completely hidden by wider rectangular scales ( Fig. 7–10, 17–24 View FIGURES 1–18 View FIGURES 19–36 ).............................. 20

20. Narrow scales on dorsum, femora and tibiae white and red ( Fig. 7–10 View FIGURES 1–18 )................................. 4 T. uralensis View in CoL

- Narrow scales on dorsum and legs unicolorous to feebly bicoloured ( Fig. 17–24 View FIGURES 1–18 View FIGURES 19–36 ).................................. 21

21. Eyes flat. Rostrum generally shorter especially in female (Rl/Pl 0.90–1.00 in male, 0.94–1.06 in female) ( Fig. 145–148 View FIGURES 125–148 )................................................................................................9 T. oriens View in CoL

- Eyes slightly prominent. Rostrum generally longer especially in female (Rl/Pl 0.90–1.15 in male, 1.08–1.25 in female) ( Fig. 141–144 View FIGURES 125–148 )..................................................................................... 8 T. tectus

22. Body length> 2.90mm ................................................................................ 23

- Body length <2.60mm ................................................................................ 25

23. Eyes strongly prominent ( Fig. 125–128 View FIGURES 125–148 ). Pronotum and elytra with distinctly rounded sides ( Fig. 1–4 View FIGURES 1–18 ). Profemur of male with a fringe of long hairs ( Fig. 243 View FIGURES 243–274 ).............................................................. 1 T. albolineatus View in CoL

- Eyes slightly prominent to flat. Pronotum and elytra with slightly to moderately rounded sides. Profemur of male without fringe of long hairs........................................................................................ 24

24. Pronotum with moderately rounded sides, not subconical ( Fig. 15–16 View FIGURES 1–18 ). Eyes moderately prominent ( Fig. 139–140 View FIGURES 125–148 ). Protibia without tooth in male ( Fig. 311 View FIGURES 307–339 )..................................................................7 T. hauseri View in CoL

- Pronotum with nearly rectilinear sides, subconical ( Fig. 5–6 View FIGURES 1–18 ). Eyes flat ( Fig. 129–130 View FIGURES 125–148 ). Protibia with tooth in male..................................................................................................2 T. rufirostris View in CoL

25. Eyes completely flat ( Fig. 179–182, 187–190 View FIGURES 173–196 )............................................................. 26

- Eyes more or less prominent........................................................................... 27

26. Rostrum in lateral view regularly curved at base and gradually tapered in apical part ( Fig. 188, 190 View FIGURES 173–196 ). Sides of pronotum curved ( Fig. 63–66 View FIGURES 55–72 ). Scales on elytra wide. Protibia without tooth on inner margin in male ( Fig. 325 View FIGURES 307–339 )............22 T. breviusculus View in CoL

- Rostrum in lateral view strongly curved at base and markedly tapered in apical part ( Fig. 180, 182 View FIGURES 173–196 ). Sides of pronotum subparallel in basal half ( Fig. 55–58 View FIGURES 55–72 ). Protibia with tooth on inner margin in male ( Fig. 322–323 View FIGURES 307–339 ).............19 T. meliloti View in CoL

27. Scales of elytral interstriae oval to subelliptical, often elongate but never hair-like, concealing integument.............. 28

- Scales of elytral interstriae narrow, usually hair-like leaving integument a little visible.............................. 33

28 Rostrum short and stout (Rl/Pl 0.73–0.83 in male, 0.77–0.87 in female) ( Fig. 175–178 View FIGURES 173–196 )................. 18 T. crassirostris View in CoL

- Rostrum longer and thinner (e.g. Fig. 157–174 View FIGURES 149–172 View FIGURES 173–196 )............................................................ 29

29 Scales on striae wide, nearly of same width as those on interstriae ( Fig. 35–38 View FIGURES 19–36 View FIGURES 37–54 )............................ 14 T. flavus View in CoL

- Scales on striae hair-like, usually thinner than those on interstriae ( Fig. 33–34 View FIGURES 19–36 , 39–50 View FIGURES 37–54 ).............................. 30

30. Elytra with scales of interstriae broad, distinctly wider than scales covering striae ( Fig. 33–34 View FIGURES 19–36 )...........13 T. squamulatus View in CoL

- Elytra with scales of interstriae elongate, slightly wider than scales covering striae ( Fig. 39–50 View FIGURES 37–54 )...................... 31

31. Rostrum in lateral view distinctly flattened in apical portion ( Fig. 164, 166, 172 View FIGURES 149–172 , 174 View FIGURES 173–196 ).............................. 32

- Rostrum in lateral view cylindrical or gradually flattened in apical portion ( Fig. 168, 170 View FIGURES 149–172 )............... 16 T. medicaginis View in CoL

32. Elytra oblong-oval ( Fig. 39–42 View FIGURES 37–54 ). Profemora in male with fringe of scales ( Fig. 265 View FIGURES 243–274 )....................... 15 T. aureolus View in CoL

- Elytra short-oval ( Fig. 47–50 View FIGURES 37–54 ), heart-shaped. Profemora in male without fringe of scales ( Fig. 269 View FIGURES 243–274 )..........17 T. junceus

33 Funicle with six segments.................................................................. 23 T. picirostris View in CoL

- Funicle with seven segments........................................................................... 34

34. Rostrum in lateral view gradually tapered in apical portion ( Fig. 184, 186 View FIGURES 173–196 ). Vestiture on elytral interstriae denser ( Fig. 59–62 View FIGURES 55–72 )............................................................................................20 T. vossi View in CoL

- Rostrum in lateral view distinctly flattened in apical portion. Vestiture on elytral interstriae sparse..........21 T. kerulensis View in CoL