Bucrates clausus (Scudder, 1878)

Piotr Naskrecki, 2000, Katydids of Costa Rica / Vol. 1, Systematics and bioacoustics of the cone-head katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae sensu lato)., Philadelphia, PA: The Orthopterists Society at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, : 66-67

Bucrates clausus (Scudder, 1878) Figs. 14 A-E, 46C-D, Map 9

1878 Scudder, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 20: 94 >> Conocephalus ; type locality: Mexico, Jalisco; type depository: Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia – holotype female

1906 Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. 2: 248 >> Conocephaloides

1912 Karny, in Wytsman, Gen. Ins. 139: 38

>> Homorocoryphus

1920 Rehn, J. A. G., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia

1920: 281 >> Bucrates

1997 Otte, Orth. Spec. File 7: 58 >> Neoconocephalus 1999 Naskrecki and Otte, Illustr. Cat. Orthop. I (CD

ROM) >> Bucrates ; holotype illustrated

[syn.] Conocephalus laticeps = 1891 Redtenbacher,

Monografie der Conocephaliden 1891: 385, 421 >> Conocephalus ; type locality: South America: Colombia: Santa fe de Bogota; type depository: Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria - lectotype female, here designated.

1898 Saussure and Pictet, Biol. Centr. Amer. Orth. 1:

389, 394

1906 Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. 2: 248 >> Conocephaloides

1907 Karny, Abh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 4(3): 47 >> Conocephalus (Homorocoryphus)

1912 Karny, in Wytsman, Gen. Ins. 139: 37

>> Homorocoryphus

1997 Otte, Orth. Spec. File 7: 60 >> Neoconocephalus

1999 Naskrecki and Otte, Illustr. Cat. Orthop. I (CD ROM) >>syn. of C. clausus ; lectotype illustrated

Diagnostic description.— General characteristics as described above. Both sexes always macropterous, with tegmina well surpassing hind femora ( Fig. 14 A). Stridulatory file of male 2.8 mm long, with 136 teeth, maximum width of file 0.26 mm ( Figs. 46 C-D); teeth of file much thinner and spaced more densely in proximal fourth of file (110 teeth/mm) than thicker and less densely spaced teeth of distal end (23 teeth/mm). Mirror of stridulatory apparatus almost circular. Fastigium of vertex about twice as wide as scapus, continuous with fastigium of frons ( Figs. 14 B-C). Ovipositor approximately as long as hind femur (ratio ovipositor/hind femur 0.92-1.01), straight ( Fig. 14 A).

Coloration.— Body coloration grass green or olive green, rarely brown; dorsum of pronotum and tegmina with darker, wide, longitudinal stripe; tegmina never speckled.

Measurements.— Table 9 .

Bioacoustics.— Song unknown.

Taxonomic remarks.— A comparison of the type specimens of Conocephalus clausus Scudder and Conocephalus laticeps Redtenbacher clearly indicates their conspecific status. Therefore, Naskrecki and Otte (1999) regard C. laticeps as a junior synonym of C. clausus .

Distribution.— B. clausus has been recorded from Veracruz, Mexico, Costa Rica, and Colombia. In Costa Rica it seems to be restricted to the Pacific region of the country ( Map 9 ).

Material examined.— COSTA RICA: Alajuela Prov., Caño Negro, R.N.V. S Caño Negro, elev. 20 m, 12 October 1993 (coll. K. Flores) - 1 female ( INBio); Puesto Playuelas, Caño Negro, R.N.V.S. Caño Negro, elev. 20 m, 2 September 1993 (coll. K. Martínez) - 1 female ( INBio); Guanacaste Prov., 3 k NO de Nacaome, P.N. Barra Honda, elev. 100 m, 5 October 1992 (coll. M. Reyes) - 1 male ( INBio); same locality, elev. 100 m, 15 October 1993 (coll. M. Reyes) - 5 females ( INBio); same locality, elev. 100 m, 15 November 1993 (coll. M. Reyes) - 4 males, 3 females ( INBio); 5 mi N Cañas, PanAm Highway, 15 October 1969 (coll. E. Frankie) - 1 female ( ANIC); Finca Jenny, 31 km N Liberia, elev. 300 m, 15 September 1988 (coll. GNP Biodiversity Survey) - 3 females ( INBio); same locality, elev. 300 m, 15 October 1988 (coll. GNP Biodiversity Survey) - 1 female ( INBio); same locality, elev. 300 m, 12 September 1992 (coll. F. Araya) - 1 female ( INBio); Santa Rosa N. P., Playa Naranjo, 15 September 1990 (coll. E. Alcazar) - 1 female ( INBio); Vicinity Estac. Murciélago, 8 km SW Cuajiniquil, elev. 100 m, 15 June 1989 (coll. GNP Biodiversity Survey) - 1 male ( INBio); COLOMBIA: Santa Fe de Bogota, (coll. Staudinger) - 1 female (lectotype of Conocephalus laticeps Redtenbacher ) ( NHMW); MEXICO: Jalisco – 1 female (holotype) ( ANSP); Veracruz, Córdoba, 26 March 1953 (coll. D.H. Janzen) - 1 male ( EMEC); San Andrés, Tuxtla, 8 July 1961 (coll. D.H. Janzen) - 1 female ( EMEC); Tlacotalpán, 23 - 31 July 1961 (coll. D.H. Janzen) - 2 females ( EMEC); Surinam: (coll. Fruhstorfer) - 1 male, 1 female ( NHMW).

Figures

FIG. 14. Costa Rican species of Bucrates. A-E. B. clausus: A. female - habitus, B. female face, C. female head and pronotum, dorsal view, D. male cerci, dorsal and ventral views, E. right hind tibia, dorsal view; F-I. B. capitatus: F. female face, G. female head and pronotum, dorsal view, H. head and pronotum, lateral view, I. male cerci, dorsal view.

FIG. 46. Stridulatory files of Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Bucrates capitatus, B. ditto, enlarged fragment, C. Bucrates clausus, enlarged fragment, D. ditto, entire file, E. Pyrgocorypha rogersi, entire file, F. ditto, enlarged fragment, G. Pyrgocorypha hamata, enlarged fragment, H. ditto, entire file.

MAPS 7 - 12. Distribution of species of Conocephalinae s. l. in Costa Rica. 7. Neoconocephalus affinis, N. triops, 8. Neoconocephalus punctipes, N. cf. spiza, 9. Bucrates capitatus, B. clausus, Metacaputus brenesi, 10. Pyrgocorypha rogersi, P. hamata, 11. Caulopsis cuspidata, C. microprora, 12. Moncheca elegans, M. pretiosa, Vestria punctata.