Proclithrophorus gaoligongensis Yao, 2025
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5723.4.9 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F5DAB7F5-0ADC-4967-A319-02B7F6448300 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17894669 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/636887C0-F141-FFAD-4AC6-FE3DFC65FB60 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Proclithrophorus gaoligongensis Yao |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Proclithrophorus gaoligongensis Yao , sp. nov.
Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1
Material Examined. Holotype, ♀ ( BIIC), China, Yunnan, Mt Gaoligong, Gangfang, 25°17' 57.26'' N, 98°46'11.35'' E, elevation 2390m, Malaise trap, 30.IV – 15.V, 2020, Lang Yi ( PYQ605 ). GoogleMaps
Description ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Holotype, ♀, length of body ca. 2.9 mm, of fore wing 3.2 mm.
Head. Transverse strongly, 0.5 × as long as wide (without clypeus) and 1.6 × as wide as mesoscutum in dorsal view; clypeus smooth, sub-horizontally protruding forwards and semicircular ( Fig. 1H View FIGURE 1 ); longitudinal diameter of eye approximately 1.6 × height of gena; head slightly narrower at temples than at eyes ( Fig. 1H View FIGURE 1 ); head 0.60 × as high as wide in anterior view ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 ); mandibles enormously enlarged, with deep curved incision between tooth 1 and tooth 2, maximum length 3.0 × as long as width ( Fig. 1D View FIGURE 1 ), 1.7 × as long as height of head ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 ); malar space present, malar suture absent ( Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 ); maxillar palpus with 3 segments, labial palpus with 2 segments ( Fig. 1A 1 View FIGURE 1 ); OOL/POL=3.4, POL/LOL=5.0, POL/OD=4.0; occipital carina not complete, absent dorso-medially and with sparse setae, strongly protruding below POL and eyes ( Fig. 1F View FIGURE 1 ), lower part degraded and not joining with hypostomal carina, with sparse setae ( Fig. 1G View FIGURE 1 ); antenna inserted near clypeus ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 ), with 17 antennomeres (right one, broken) and 24 antennomeres (left one, complete), scape 2.1 × as long as wide, broadened apically and with rather sharp anterior margin( Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 ), F2 2.1 × as long as wide and narrower than F1 and F3, F2 longest, 1.2 × as long as F1 and F3 respectively, apical antennomeres becoming gradually smaller, penultimate 0.59 × as long as the apical first and 2.0 × as long as wide.
Mesosoma. 1.7 × as long as wide and 1.3 × as high as wide; propleuron smooth ventrally, the remaining with transverse ridges; prepectal carina absent ( Fig. 1I View FIGURE 1 ); precoxal sulcus complete and broader medially ( Fig. 1I View FIGURE 1 ); pronotum with a mid-pit and irregularly ridges ( Fig. 1H View FIGURE 1 ); notauli complete, strongly crenulate, crenulation getting wider to apex and with a short longitudinal ridge apically ( Fig. 1L View FIGURE 1 ); median lobe densely punctured and with dense setae, lateral robes smooth and with sparse setae; scutellar sulcus wide, with a median carina ( Fig. 1L View FIGURE 1 ); scutellum sub-triangle and smooth, lateral sides of scutellum rugose with dense longitudinal ridges ( Fig. 1L View FIGURE 1 ); metanotum rugose with dense longitudinal ridges ( Fig. 1L View FIGURE 1 ); propodeum anteriorly with short median carina, length of median carina 0.9 × as long as length of areola, areola 1.4 × as long as wide, irregularly triangular and wrinkled, two oblique ridges connected with areola laterally, basal 2/3 of propodeum except median carina and areola smooth, the remaining irregularly wrinkled and medio-posteriorly concave ( Fig. 1L View FIGURE 1 ).
Wings. Fore wing ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ): pterostigma oval-shape, slightly wider than vein r length, vein r arising behind middle of pterostigma; length of vein 1-R1 and SR1 complete, marginal cell short, length of vein 1-R1 slightly shorter than pterostigma; vein 1-SR+M and r-m absent; 2-SR not complete, m-cu interstitital; first subdiscal cell open, vein cu-a postfurcal and not complete, vein CU1b absent, connection of CU1a and 3-CU1 curved. Hind wing ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ): vein cu-a nearly complete, antefurcal and forming a right angle with 1-M, vein M+CU about 6.0 × as long as 1-M.
Legs. Hind femur (without trochantellus) 6.3 × as long as wide; hind tibia 1.1 × as long as hind tarsus, hind tibial spurs slender, subequal, inner spur 0.3 × as long as basitarsus ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ).
Metasoma. T1 lateral compressed strongly ( Fig. 1J View FIGURE 1 ), 3.6 × as long as basal width, 2.0 × as long as apical width, 8.7 × as long as narrowest width (slightly before spiracles), 7.6 × as long as width at spiracles, spiracles around at apical 2/5 ( Fig. 1M View FIGURE 1 ); tergum and sternum entirely separate, chitinized sternum ending in middle of spiracle ( Fig. 1J View FIGURE 1 ); fused terga 2–3 1.0 × as long as wide in dorsal view ( Fig. 1M View FIGURE 1 ); ovipositor sheath shorter than metasoma, hairy apically, 0.33 × as long as fore wing ( Fig. 1N, 1K View FIGURE 1 ).
Colour. Head dark brown; antennomeres mostly dark brown, scape and pedicel yellow, F1 and F2 yellowish brown, getting darker toward apex, apical antennomere light brown; mandible yellowish white, apically (teeth) brownish yellow; labrum and mouth parts including palpi yellowish white, clypeus brown; malar space yellowish brown; mesosoma dark brown; propleuron and pronotum brownish yellow, flange of propleuron whitish brown, mesosternum yellowish brown; tegula, pterostigma brown, fore wing venation mostly yellowish white, hind wing venation white; legs yellow, fore and middle coxa, trochanter whitish yellow, hind trochanter whitish yellow and hind tibia slightly infuscate; metasoma reddish brown, T1 darker; basal and apical T1, basal T2 and apical metasoma yellowish brown laterally; ovipositor sheath brownish black basally, black apically, ovipositor yellow.
Male. Unknown.
Distribution. China ( Yunnan).
Biology. Unknown.
Etymology. The species is named after the location, Mt Gaoligong National Nature Reserve, Yunnan, SW China, where the type species was collected.
Phylogeny.
Tobias & Belokobylskij (1981) noted that there is no close relationship between Proclithrophorus and Cosmophorus and they suggested that Proclithrophorus is more closely related to Microctonus and Streblocera , which agrees with Shaw (1985), although both Proclithrophorus and Cosmophorus have enlarged mandibles which are not homologous. Shaw (1985) also indicated that the monophyly of Proclithrophorus is evidenced by the apomorphic condition of the clypeus, mandible and mouth opening. Stigenberg et al. (2015) investigated the phylogenetic relationships of the Euphorinae based on molecular data, they reinstated the tribe Townesilitini with the following genera included: Heia , Marshiella , Townesilitus , Streblocera (transferred from Microctonini) and Proclithrophorus (placed in Microctonini by Shaw, 1985 and later placed in its own tribe Proclithrophorini by Tobias, 1986).
Discussion.
The specimens for P. mandibularis are described from Spassk, the Russian Far East and from Jilin, NE China, are geographically relatively close, but the locality for P. genalis, Pudasjärvi , Finland, is geographically isolated ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ). The new species P. gaoligongensis , was collected from Mt Gaoligong National Nature Reserve, Yunnan (SW China), and is geographically isolated from the other two species ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ). Further collection is necessary to gain a more concise understanding of the biogeography of the genus.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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