Cavariella (Cavariellinepicauda) sapporoensis Takahashi, 1961

Xu, Ying, Chen, Jing, Jiang, Li-Yun & Qiao, Ge-Xia, 2023, Cavariella Del Guercio (Hemiptera, Aphidinae, Macrosiphini) in China, with a new species, new synonymies, and first country records, ZooKeys 1169, pp. 235-292 : 235

Cavariella (Cavariellinepicauda) sapporoensis Takahashi, 1961

Figs 29 , 30 , 31 , 37B-D

Cavariella sapporoensis Takahashi, 1961: 9.

Types examined.

Holotype and paratypes of Cavariella largispiracula Zhang, Chen, Zhong & Li, 1999: two ap. viv. fems., China: Gansu (Yuzhong County), 1.VIII.1986, No. 8587-1-2, on Apiaceae , coll. G.X. Zhang, J.H. Li and T.S. Zhong; seventeen apterous oviparous females, Gansu (Minxian County), 22.X.1986, No. 8785-1-1, on Salix , coll. G.X. Zhang and T. S. Zhong ( Zhang et al. 1999).

Other specimens examined.

Two ala. viv. fems., Beijing, 15.VIII.2017, No. 42056-1-1, on Apiaceae , coll. H. Long ; one ap. viv. fem. and one ala. viv. fem. (slides), one ap. viv. fem. (COI: OP956131 ), Jilin , 8.VIII.2017, No. 41184-1-1, on Apiaceae , coll. H. Long and T.Y. Liu ; one ap. viv. fem. and one ala. viv. fem. (slides), one ap. viv. fem. (COI: OP956141 ), Beijing, 24.VI.2019, No. 45522-1-1, on Apiaceae , coll. H. Long ; one ap. viv. fem. and one ala. viv. fem., Beijing , 15.VIII.2017, No. 42057-1-1, on Apiaceae , coll. H. Long ; one ap. viv. fem. (slide) and one ap. viv. fem. (COI: OP956140 ), Beijing , 24.VI.2019, No. 45517-1-1, on Apiaceae , coll. H. Long ; one ap. viv. fem. (slide) and one ap. viv. fem. (COI: OP956133 ), Beijing , 15.VIII.2017, No. 42064-1-1, on Apiaceae , coll. H. Long ; one ap. viv. fem. (slide) and one ap. viv. fem. (COI: OP956139 ), Beijing , 15.VIII.2017, No. 45505-1-1, on Apiaceae , coll. H. Long.

Diagnosis.

Pronotum and abdominal tergites I-IV each with large and circular marginal tubercles, larger than spiracles (Fig. 29D, F ); setae of legs very long, pointed, dense, and curved apexes (Fig. 29G, H ), the setae on femora 0.57-0.78 × of widest width, the setae on tibiae 0.97-1.39 × of mid-width; cauda tongue-shaped, with 9-16 long and pointed setae (Fig. 29M ) ( Takahashi 1961).

Comment.

After researching the holotype of Cavariella largispiracula Zhang, Chen, Zhong & Li, 1999, we found the species is in fact without large circular spiracles, which are in fact marginal tubercles and with normal reniform spiracles (Fig. 31A, C ). In C. largispiracula , thoracic nota and abdominal tergites I-IV each with one pair of large marginal tubercles (Fig. 31C ); abdominal tergites VIII with a slightly swollen supra-caudal process (Fig. 31D ); cauda tongue-shaped (Fig. 31F ); setae of legs very long and pointed ( Zhang et al. 1999). Therefore, Cavariella largispiracula Zhang, Chen, Zhong & Li, 1999 is considered as a junior synonym of Cavariella sapporoensis Takahashi, 1961.

The species resembles Cavariella heraclei Takahashi, 1961, but differs from it as follows: setae of legs long, pointed, dense, and curved apexes ( C. heraclei : setae of legs short, blunt, sparse); cephalic setae long and pointed, 1.31-2.74 × Ant. IIIBD ( C. heraclei : cephalic setae short and blunt, 0.50 × Ant. IIIBD); setae of Ant. III long and pointed, 0.86-1.24 × Ant. IIIBD ( C. heraclei : setae of Ant. III short, 0.50 × Ant. IIIBD) ( Takahashi 1961).

Biology.

The species is usually collected from Apiaceae and feeds on the undersides of leaves with ant attendance (Fig. 37B-D ). In China, the apterous oviparous female of the species was found feeding on the leaves of Salix in October. So, the species may alternate host between Salix and Apiaceae .

Distribution.

China (Beijing, Gansu, Jilin), Japan.

Figures

Figure 29. Cavariella (Cavariellinepicauda) sapporoensis Takahashi. Apterous viviparous female: A dorsal view of body B dorsal view of head C antenna D marginal tubercle of prothorax notum E ultimate rostral segment F marginal tubercles of abdominal tubercles I-IV G the setae of hind tibiae H the setae of hind femur I abdominal tergites VI-VIII J siphunculus K supra-caudal process on abdominal tergite VIII L anal plate M cauda N genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.

Figure 30. Cavariella (Cavariellinepicauda) sapporoensis Takahashi. Alate viviparous female: A dorsal view of body B antenna C siphunculus D supra-caudal process on abdominal tergite VIII E cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.

Figure 31. Cavariella largispiracula Zhang, Chen, Zhong & Li, syn. nov. Apterous viviparous female: A dorsal view of body B ultimate rostral segment C marginal tubercles I-IV D abdominal tergites VI-VIII E siphunculus F cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.

Figure 37. The ecological photos of Cavariella (Cavariellinepicauda) in field A one alate, apterae and nymphs of Cavariella cicutisucta Qiao feeding on tender stem of Apiaceae B the apterae and nymphs of Cavariella sapporoensis Takahashi feeding on tender stem of Apiaceae C the apterae and nymphs of Cavariella sapporoensis feeding on tender stem of Apiaceae with ant-attendance D one alate of Cavariella sapporoensis feeding on tender stem of Apiaceae.