Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen)

Lonsdale, Owen, 2021, Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states, ZooKeys 1051, pp. 1-481 : 1

Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen)

Figs 121-123 , 667-674

Agromyza posticata Meigen, 1930: 172. Malloch 1913: 308; Frost 1924: 50.

Agromyza virgauriae Kaltenbach, 1869: 195. Hendel 1920 [synonymy].

Agromyza virgaureae . Emendation. Kaltenbach 1874: 331.

Agromyza terminalis Coquillett, 1895: 318. Malloch 1913 [synonymy].

Agromyza taeniola Coquillett, 1904: 191. Malloch 1913 [synonymy].

Agromyza argenteolunulata Strobl, 1909: 294. Hendel 1920 [synonymy].

Agromyza parvicornis (Loew). Misidentification, in part. Melander 1913: 254.

Dizygomyza (Dendromyza) posticata . Hendel, 1931: 30.

Dizygomyza (Nemorimyza) posticata . Frey, 1946: 42.

Phytobia (Phytobia) posticata . Frick, 1957: 390.

Phytobia (Nemorimyza) posticata . Frick, 1959: 377.

Nemorimyza posticata . Nowakowski, 1962: 97; Spencer 1969: 161, 1976: 308, 1981: 162; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 87; Zlobin 1996: 275; Martinez and Etienne 2002: 40; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 32; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Mlynarek and Heard 2018: 885; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 62.

Description

(Figs 121-123 ). Wing length 2.8-3.2 mm (♂), 2.9-3.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 10.9-17.2. First flagellomere small, rounded, distal region with slightly longer, denser hairs that medially form an ill-defined to discrete denser subovate patch (similar to some Agromyza ). Fronto-orbital plate evenly narrow, reaching level of inner base of fronto-orbitals. Gena very narrow, strongly angled upwards; cheek very narrow. Lunule semi-circular. Apex of wing between R4+5 and M1. Body subshiny, less so on fronto-orbital plate.

Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta thinner, 2/3-3/5 length); two ors. Orbital setulae reclinate, in one row. Three strong dorsocentral setae postsuturally, decreasing in length anteriorly; enlarged setula sometimes close in front of anterior dorsocentral. Acrostichal seta strong. Acrostichal setulae in six rows. Fore tibia with weak lateromedial seta. Mid tibia with two strong lateromedial setae.

Colouration: Body mostly dark brown; lunule dirty yellow with silvery pruinosity; antenna and sometimes legs slightly paler brown; scutum slightly paler laterally; apex of fore femur and sometimes base of fore tibia usually narrowly yellow, and if so, mid and hind legs sometimes similarly pigmented; male abdomen dirty white dorsally past tergite 3 with tergite 4 browner and with ill-defined brown anteromedial spot, but sometimes tergite 4 mostly dark with only posterior margin whitish, or tergite 3 with whitish pigment posterolaterally. Wing veins yellow with costa and marginal section of veins brownish.

Genitalia: (Figs 667-674 ) Epandrium broad, shallow, free from surstylus. Surstylus apically rounded, appearing small and lobate externally, but continuing along inner surface of epandrium as elongate plate; mostly short setose with minute pale tubercles along inner margin. Cercus narrow, tapering apically. Subepandrial sclerite broad, dark, somewhat H-shaped with longer dorsal arms and ventromedial bar with ventral margin shallowly lobate and minutely textured; with one pair of very large, stout and striated ventral sublateral setae. Hypandrium subtriangular with irregular apex, inner lobe well-developed and setose, extending along outer margins of postgonite. Postgonite bare; well-developed with apex cleft and posterior region paler and ill-defined with arm nearly separate. Phallus strongly twisted to right past phallophorus. Halves of basiphallus strongly curved inwards at apex, which is lobate, weakly joined to remainder of sclerite, and with distal margin thick and dark; left sclerite subquadrate, wider than long, wrapped around venter of shaft; base of right 1/2 wider and with inner margin thicker and darker. Hypophallus broad, plate-like and with inner-medial emargination. Paraphallus forming irregular dorsal and lateral complex around base of meso/distiphallus. Mesophallus somewhat pear-shaped, fusing to ventromedial surface of distiphallus, with one pair of ventromedial fossae (basal fossa larger). Distiphallus with broad basal section that is slightly compressed dorsoventrally (more so towards base), and with large dorsomedial plate emerging before darker, shallower shelf supporting numerous minute spicules; apically with U-shaped arch directed distally that supports fringe of hairs that continue dorsally along a flat, elongate dorsoapical process to form a ring. Ejaculatory apodeme with wide asymmetrical base and short, ill-defined stem grading into small, pale blade; sperm pump with irregular, somewhat patchy sclerotisation on venter.

Host.

Asteraceae - Aster , Baccharis , Buphthalmum , Doellingeria , Elephantopus , Erechtites (?), Eurybia (leaf mines), Euthamia , Helianthus , Oclemena , Polymnia , Solidago , Symphyotrichum , Teucrium , Verbesina , Vernonia . Lamiaceae - Teucrium . ( Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018; Ellis 2021).

Distribution.

Canada: AB, BC, MB*, ON, QC. USA: Likely present throughout ( Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Europe. Costa Rica, Venezuela ( Martinez and Etienne 2002). Japan. Republic of Korea*.

Type material.

Holotype [posticata]: Germany. Stolberg near Aachen (1♂, MNHN). [Not examined]

Type [ Agromyza virgaureae ]: [Type data unknown]. [Not examined]

Syntypes [ Agromyza terminalis ]: USA. FL: Welaka, 9.v.1894, C.W. Johnson (1♂, USNM), PA: Delaware County, 23.vii.1893, C.W. Johnson (1♂, USNM). [Not examined]

Syntype [ Agromyza taeniola ]: USA.CA: Mountains near Claremont, C.F. Baker Type No. 8040 (1♂, USNM). [Not examined]

Holotype [ Agromyza argenteolunulata ]: Austria. Admont (1♀, location unknown). [Not examined]

Material examined.

Canada. AB: Kananaskis, For. Exp. Sta. Seebe, 18.vii.1968, H.J. Teskey, CNC480551 (1♀, CNC), MB: Western Manitoba, Riding Mountain National Park, Moon Lake hiking trail, 50°53'N, 100°3'W, 662 m, 13.vii.2008, J. Cossey, N. Jeffery, J. Straka, CNC480531 (1♂, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 11.viii.1978, D.B. Lyons, Code-7432V, CNC480548 (1♀, CNC), 24.viii.1978, S.J. Miller, Code-7485W, CNC480549 (1♂, CNC), NS: Highland Rd. , 15-20 mi N Hunter, 8.vii.1984, H.J. Teskey, CNC480552 (1♂, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 45°19'1.20"N, 75°43'12"W, 90 m, 13.vi.2016, J.E. O’Hara, Malaise trap, CNC629594 (1♂, CNC), Griffith, 10.vii.1991, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480545 (1♂, CNC), Mer Bleu [e], 5mi E, 6.viii.1966, D.D. Munroe, Malaise trap, CNC480550 (1♀, CNC), Metcalfe, 29.vi.1994, B.E. Cooper, CNC480546 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, Montfort Hosp. wood, 2.viii.1993, J.R. Vockeroth, aerial sweep, CNC480539 (1♂, CNC), 28.viii.1993, CNC480543 (1♀, CNC), 7.viii.1993, CNC480537 (1♀, CNC), 9.viii.1993, CNC480544 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, damp second growth Acer - Betula wood, 19.ix.2000, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480538 (1♀, CNC), 2.vii.2003, CNC480541, CNC480542 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 29.vi.1994, CNC480540 (1♀, CNC), QC: Gatineau Co., Masham Twp., 10-20.vii.1974, D.M. Wood, CNC480547 (1♂, CNC) . Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Chuncheon Nam-myeoh, Balsan, Hongchron River ., 37°44'N, 127°35'E, 14.vi.2006, P. Tripotin, Malaise trap, large sandbar CNC475540, CNC475546 (2♂, CNC) . USA. FL: Highlands Co., Sebring, Highlands Hammock State Park , 29.iii.2013, em. 30.iv.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex Elephantopus elatus , #CSE395, CNC422917-422919 (2♀ 1 puparium, CNC), IA: Winneshiek Co. , Cresco , Cold Water Creek Rd. , 43°25'55.97"N, 92°00'34.78"W, 16.vii.2015, em. 5.viii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex Solidago gigantea , #CSE1962, CNC564703 (1♀, CNC), MA: Berkshire Co. , Lenox , Mahanna Cobble , 12.vii.2016, C.S. Eiseman, Euthamia graminifolia , em. 2.viii.2016, #CSE2836, CNC654234 (1♂, CNC), Franklin Co. , Northfield , 276 Old Wendell Rd. , 11.x.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex. Solidago ?, em. 27.iii.2014, #CSE1032, CNC384732 (1♂, CNC), Franklin Co. , Northfield , 276 Old Wendell Rd. , 30.ix.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex. Euthamia graminifolia , em. 26.iii.2014, #CSE1027, CNC384779, CNC384780 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Franklin Co. , Northfield , Crag Mountain , 16.x.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex. Oclemena acuminata , em. 29.iii.2014, #CSE1039, CNC384754-384757 (3♂ 1♀, CNC), Hampshire Co. , Northampton Bikeway west of King St. , 13.ix.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex. Symphyotrichum cordifolium , em. 29.iii.2014, #CSE1041, CNC384734 (1♀, CNC), Hampshire Co. , Northampton , Mineral Hills , 28.ix.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex. Symphyotrichum puniceum , em. 27.iii.2014, #CSE1031, CNC384792 (1♀, CNC), Nantucket Co. , Nantucket , Dead Horse Valley , 6.viii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex Solidago latissimifolia , em. 26.viii.2012, #CSE45, CNC480533 (1♂, CNC), Nantucket Co. , Nantucket , Ice Pond Lot , 5.viii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, leaf mine in Baccharis hamilifolia , em. 26.viii.2012, #CSE46, CNC480534 (1♀, CNC), Nantucket Co. , Nantucket , UMass field station, 11.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex. Solidago altissima , em. 2.vii.2013, #CSE641, CNC384796 (1♀, CNC), Nantucket Co. , Squam Swamp , 12.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex Solidago latissimifolia , em. 3.vii.2013, #CSE646, CNC392660 (1♂, CNC), ME: Hancock Co. , Penobscot , Battle Is., 18.vi.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex Solidago sempervirens CNC480536 (1♂, CNC), MO: Williamsville , 14.vii.1969, Malaise trap, CNC480553, CNC480554 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Franklin Co. , Gray Summit , Shaw Nature Reserve , 1.vii.2015, em. 27.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex Helianthus ?hirsutus, #CSE1869, CNC564677 (1♂, CNC), NC: Scotland Co. , Laurinburg , St. Andrews University , 15.v.2015, em. 7.vi.2015, T.S. Feldman, ex Solidago , #CSE1592, CNC564670 (1♂, CNC), NY: Essex Co. , Upper Jay , nr. Bartlett Rd. , 3.vi.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex Solidago CNC480535 (1♂, CNC), OH: Delaware Co., Sunbury , Monkey Hollow Rd. , 2.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman, Teucrium canadense em. 24.viii.2016, #CSE2934, CNC638881 (1♂, CNC), Adams Co. , West Union , Eulett Center (4274 Waggoner Riffle Road), 30.vii.2016, C.S. Eiseman, Vernonia , em. 19.viii.2016, #CSE2917, CNC654484, CNC654485 (2♀, CNC), SC: Hilton Head Is., 12.vii.1965, H.F. Howden, CNC480532 (1♀, CNC), OK: Payne Co. , Mehan , 13.x.2015, M.W. Palmer, Elephantopus carolinianus em. 11.iv.2016, #CSE2363, CNC653989 (1♂, CNC), 24.viii.2015, M.W. Palmer, Elephantopus carolinianus em. 14.ix.2015, #CSE2056, CNC654005 (1♂, CNC), TN: Davidson Co. , Oak Hill , Radnor Lake , 22.viii.2017, em. 19-23.ix.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex Polymnia canadensis , #CSE4291, CNC939947-939956 (4♂ 6♀, CNC), TX: Edwards Co. , 1.3 miles NW of Campwood, 16.iii.2017, em. 30.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex Verbesina virginica , #CSE3600, CNC941261 (1♀, CNC) .

Comments.

Nemorimyza posticata was found by Mlynarek and Heard (2018) to be a "complex of differentiated lineages " that had "substantial and complex genetic structure". Within this putative species, which as a whole exhibited a wide range of host and habitat preference, there was evidence for mostly host-associated, but also habitat-associated differentiation within and between genetic groups.

Figures

Figures 116 - 123. Liriomyza violivora (Spencer), male 116 lateral 117 head, anterior 118, 119 Metopomyza interfrontalis (Melander), male 118 lateral 119 head, anterior 120 Haplopeodes minutus (Frost), female, lateral 121 - 123 Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen), anterior, with illustration showing lateral tibial bristles.

Figures 667 - 674. Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen), male genitalia 667 ejaculatory apodeme 668 postgonite, lateral 669 external genitalia, posterior 670 external genitalia, anterior 671 external genitalia, right lateral 672 external genitalia, ventral 673 phallus, left lateral 674 phallus, ventral.