Pardanthopsis (Hance) L.W.Lenz, Aliso, 1972

Crespo, Manuel B., Martínez-Azorín, Mario & Mavrodiev, Evgeny V., 2015, Can a rainbow consist of a single colour? A new comprehensive generic arrangement of the ‘ Iris sensu latissimo’ clade (Iridaceae), congruent with morphology and molecular data, Phytotaxa 232 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

Phytotaxa 232 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 51 2. Pardanthopsis (Hance) L.W.Lenz, Aliso 7(4): 403 (1972) [≡ Iris sect. Pardanthopsis Hance, J. Bot. 13: 105 (1875a) ≡ I. subg. Pardanthopsis (Hance) Baker, Handb. Irid. : 16 (1892)]. Type (holotype):— P. dichotoma (Pall.) L.W.Lenz [≡ Iris dichotoma Pall., Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 712 (1776)]

Description:—Rhizomatous herbs, with deciduous aerial parts. Rhizome very short, stout, slightly nodose-annulate, with pale brownish fibers; roots numerous fleshy, long, thickened. Stems aerial, dichotomously ramose in the upper part, slightly compressed, solid or ± hollow, ± elliptic in cross section. Leaves isobilateral, ensiform, subfalcate, without prominent ribs, ± glaucous, equitant, not fetid. Flowers numerous, in small lateral clusters, terminal on branches, vespertine, short-lived, shrivelling spirally and falling off after anthesis just below the ovary, with pedicels persistent, stiff after flower abscission. Spathe valves 3–5, herbaceous with scarious margin and apex at anthesis, obtuse, not keeled. Perigone in 2 rows, differing in size and shape, fused in a long to inconspicuous tube; falls erect-patent, broadly oblanceolate-cuneate, ± patent towards apex, gradually tapering into claw, smooth; standards erect-patent, narrowly obovate to oblong, retuse, narrowed into a canaliculate long haft. Stamen filaments free, adnate to the fall bases. Ovary trilocular, with axile placentation. Style filiform, with 3 petaloid branches, up to half the length of falls, each one concealing a stamen; crests long, ± straight, triangular-lanceolate; stigma bifid, with triangular acute lobes. Capsule oblong-cylindric, trigonous, dehiscent from apex to middle, with 6 weak longitudinal ribs, reticulate-nervose, not hidden into spathes, subacute, shortly beaked; pericarp subcoriaceous. Seeds numerous, angulose, shortly winged, without aril; testa surface irregularly wrinkled. x = 8. Figs. 3C , 6B , 7C .

It includes 2 species, occurring in eastern Asia (from southern Siberia to southeastern China ( Fig. 9A ).

Needed new combination:— Pardanthopsis subdichotoma (Y.T.Zhao) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris subdichotoma Y.T.Zhao, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 57 (1980).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Flower morphology: falls, standards and stylar branches in most cases, sometimes with spathe bracts. A) Siphonostylis lazica (photo: Ken Walker); B) Gattenhofia verna (photo: Jim McCormac); C) Pardanthopsis dichotoma (photo: Christy Hensler); D) Belamcanda chinensis, with all tepals subequal and also with fruits (photo: Tom Murphy); E) Iris germanica (photo: Ken Walker); F) Iris acutiloba (photo: Aleksandr Ivanov); G) Iris tigridia (photo: Vladimir Y. Arkhipov); H) Iris bloudowii (photo: Vesa Muurinen); I) Juno planifolia (photo: Mario Martínez-Azorín); J) Evansia japonica (photo: Ken Walker); K) Tectiris tectorum (photo: Ken Walker); L) Junopsis decora (photo: Ken Walker).

FIGURE 6. Carpology. A) Belamcanda chinensis, seeds black, long persistent on the central axis of fruit (photo: Stanislav Doronenko); B) Pardanthopsis dichotoma, seeds shortly winged (photo: Ken Walker); C) Gattenhofia verna var. smalliana, seeds with fleshy raphe and ribbed surface (photo: Ken Walker); D) Tectiris tectorum, seeds glossy, pyriform, apiculate, with inconspicuous aril (photo: Ken Walker); E) Evansia wattii, seeds matte, angulose, with small aril (photo: Dennis Kramb); F) Chamaeiris foetidissima, seeds reddish, persistent on valves of the opened fruit (photo: Ken Walker); G) Chamaeiris halophila, seeds with papery, loose testa (photo: David Pilling); H) Hermodactylus tuberosus, seeds globose with gelatinous aril (photo: Ken Walker); I) Lophiris cristata, seeds with long coiled appendage (photo: Jan Sacks); J) Zhaoanthus speculatrix, seeds with aril withering early as a wing (photo: Ken Walker); K) Phaeiris giganticaerulea, seeds large, flattened, with thickened, corky testa (photo: Robert R. Pries); L) Joniris uniflora, seeds with fleshy raphe vanishing on drying (photo: Robert R. Pries); M) Limniris sibirica, seeds discoidal, without aril, with subcorky testa (photo: Ken Walker); N) Rodionenkoa gracilipes, seeds with fleshy raphe and testa surface pitted (photo: Robert R. Pries); O) Junopsis collettii, seeds oblong with conspicuous whitish aril (photo: Ken Walker); P) Zhaoanthus koreanus, seeds globosecompressed, with fleshy raphe withering early as a wing (photo: Robert R. Pries); Q) Iris hoogiana, seeds with prominent aril and testa surface reticulate-wrinkled (photo: Robert R. Pries); R) Iris pumila, seeds without aril and testa surface reticulate-wrinkled (photo: Steve Hurst); S) Juno bucharica, seeds apiculate with fleshy appendage (photo: Ken Walker); T) Siphonostylis lazica, seeds angulose with testa surface covered with sessile glands (photo: Ken Walker). Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 7. Habit and floral details. A) Siphonostylis cretensis (Baker 1878: t. 6343); B) Gattenhofia verna (Small 1931: t. 520); C) Pardanthopsis dichotoma (Baker 1879: t. 6428); D) Belamcanda chinensis (Curtis 1791: t. 171).

FIGURE 9. Approximate distribution areas: A) Pardanthopsis (violet); B) Belamcanda (orange); C) Juno (red); D) Junopsis (yellow). Areas for A and B include only the territories where they are presumably native.