Pristiphora laricis (Hartig, 1837)

Prous, Marko, Kramp, Katja & Liston 1, Veli VikbergAndrew, 2017, North-Western Palaearctic species of Pristiphora (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 59, pp. 1-190 : 45-47

Pristiphora laricis (Hartig, 1837) Figs 64, 177-178, 279-280

Nematus laricis Hartig, 1837: 203-204. Lectotype ♀ (GBIF-GISHym3328; here designated) in ZSM, examined. Type locality: Germany according to the title of the publication.

Nematus ruficollis Hartig, 1840: 27. Lectotype ♀ (GBIF-GISHym3405; here designated) in ZSM, examined. Type locality: not stated.

Nematus leucocnemis Förster, 1854b: 433-434. Lectotype ♀ (GBIF-GISHym3333; designated by Liston 1995) in ZSM, examined. Type locality: Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

Nematus oblongus Cameron, 1882: 539. Syntype(s) possibly in BMNH, not examined. Type locality: England, United Kingdom. Synonymised with Lygaeonematus laricis by Konow (1904a).

Nematus laricivorus Brischke, 1883a: pl. I, 1e. Described from larvae, types possibly destroyed ( Blank and Taeger 1998). Type locality: not stated, but probably in former East Prussia (now Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia, or Poland). Synonymised with Pristiphora laricis by Konow (1898).

Nematus rusticanus Brischke, 1884: 128-129. Holotype ♀ possibly destroyed ( Blank and Taeger 1998). Type locality: not stated, but probably in former East Prussia (now Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia, or Poland). Synonymised with Lygaeonematus laricis by Konow (1904a).

Pachynematus ravidus Konow, 1903: 382 (key). Lectotype ♀ (GBIF-GISHym3855; designated by Taeger and Blank 1998) in SDEI, examined. Type locality: Zermatt, Valais, Switzerland. Synonymised with Pristiphora laricis by Koch (1989).

Lygaeonematus paedidus Konow, 1904a: 195, 205. Lectotype ♀ (GBIF-GISHym3854; designated by Koch 1989 as “holotype”) in SDEI, examined. Type locality: Ulm ( Baden-Württemberg) or Erfurt (Thuringia), Germany (the specimen has two different labels, with locality names that do not match). Synonymised with Pristiphora laricis by Koch (1989).

Pachynematus nigricorpus Takagi, 1931: 32-33 (Jap.), 11-12(Engl.), syn. n. Syntypes possibly in the National Institute of Forest Science (previously Forestry Experiment Station), Seoul, South Korea, not examined. Type locality: North Korea.

Similar species.

The most similar species is P. friesei , which tends to be darker (see the Key). There are small differences in the structure of the lancets: campaniform sensilla are present on the tangium and there are more setae in P. laricis , while campaniform sensilla appear to be absent and there are fewer setae in P. friesei (Figs 174-178). There appear to be no consistent differences in penis valves (Figs 277, 279-280), contrary to Chevin (1974), but the antennae are shorter in P. laricis (see the Key). One studied female from Scotland (DEI-GISHym31503) had a red band on the abdomen, like P. cincta and P. erichsonii , but all these species can be distinguished based on the shape of valvula 3 and the structure of the lancet (Figs 104-105, 145-146 for P. cincta ; Figs 124-125, 170 for P. erichsonii ; Figs 79-81, 177-178 for P. laricis ). As already suspected by Vikberg (1975), we treat nigricorpus Takagi as synonym of laricis Hartig. The description by Takagi (1931) fits well with P. laricis (pale labrum, length of antenna in male 3-4 mm) rather than P. friesei (black or dark brown labrum and length of antenna in male about 5 mm). Haris (2006b) apparently misinterpreted P. laricis , because the figure of valvula 3 given for this species (Fig. 10 in Haris 2006b) belongs to the leucopodia group, tenuiserra or some other species where valvula 3 can extend or extends beyond cerci. However, the figure of valvula 3 (Fig. 30 in Haris 2006b) given for nigricorpus Takagi by Haris (2006b, as P. nigrocarpa ) does fit with P. laricis (Fig. 79).

Genetic data.

Based on COI barcode sequences, P. laricis forms its own BIN cluster (BOLD:AAQ3707). Maximum distance within the BIN is 2.09% (Fig. 3). The nearest neighbour to BOLD:AAQ3707, diverging by minimum of 4.31%, is BOLD:ABV3411 ( P. friesei ). Based on nuclear data (three specimens and TPI or NaK), within species divergence is 0.2% (NaK) or 1.2% (TPI) and the nearest neighbour is 2.3% different ( P. nigriceps , only NaK).

Host plants.

Larix decidua Mill. ( Adam 1973, Huflejt and Sawoniewicz 1999), L. kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière ( Pschorn-Walcher and Altenhofer 2000), L. sibirica Ledeb. ( Kangas 1985, Huflejt and Sawoniewicz 1999), L. gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen., L. laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch, L. occidentalis Nutt., Larix x eurolepis A. Henry ( Huflejt and Sawoniewicz 1999).

Distribution and material examined.

Palaearctic. Specimens studied are from Austria, Finland, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Japan, Slovenia, and Switzerland.